前言

使用x265对uvc camera视频进行265编码

一、x265 x86编译

获取x265源码
去libx265官网上下载源码，地址：http://ftp.videolan.org/pub/videolan/x265/x265_3.2.tar.gz
tar xvf x265_3.2.tar.gz
编译libx265源码
安装cmake,cmake-curses-gui
sudo apt-get install cmake
sudo apt install cmake-curses-gui
cd x265_3.2/build/linux
sh make-Makefiles.bash
修改BIN_INSTALL_DIR、CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX
修改BIN_INSTALL_DIR: /project/x265/x265_3.2/build/linux/__install/bin
CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX: /project/x265/x265_3.2/build/linux
make
make install
编译将libx265.a和include目录头文件准备好

二、x265 编码YUV(YUYV)

1. V4L2获取YUV

参考v4l2采集YUV数据

2. YUV格式转换

uvc camera输出yuv视频格式为YUYV(YUV422)格式，需将YUYV格式转换成YUV420格式再使用x265进行编码
YUYV->YUV420代码如下：

int YUV422ToYUV420(unsigned char *yuv422, unsigned char *yuv420, int width, int height)
{int y_size = width * height;int i, j, k=0;//Yfor (i = 0; i < y_size; i++){yuv420[i] = yuv422[i * 2];}//Ufor (i = 0; i < height; i++){if ((i % 2) != 0){continue;}   for (j = 0; j < (width / 2); j++){if ((4 * j + 1) > (2 * width))break;yuv420[y_size + k * 2 * width / 4 + j] = yuv422[i * 2 * width + 4 * j + 1];}k++;}//Vk = 0;for (i = 0; i < height; i++){if ((i % 2) == 0)continue;for (j = 0; j < (width / 2); j++){if ((4 * j + 3) > (2 * width))break;yuv420[y_size + y_size / 4 + k * 2 * width / 4 + j] = yuv422[i * 2 * width + 4 * j + 3];}k++;}return 0;
}

3. H265编码

编码流程：

x265_param编码参数设置
x265_encoder_open打开编码器
分配x265_picture用于编码源YUV数据
为x265_picture的planes分配存放Y,U,V数据内存空间
使用x265_encoder_headers编码vps, sps, pps(可省略)
使用x265_encoder_encode对YUV420数据进行编码
保存编码后265数据，验证编码结果

头文件

#include "x265.h"

数据结构定义

typedef struct x265_encoder_param
{char *buff;uint32_t i_nal;x265_nal *nal;x265_encoder *handler;x265_picture *picInput;x265_picture *picOutput;x265_param *param;
} X265_ENCODER_PARAM;typedef struct x265_sps_pps_vps
{int width;int height;int bitRate;int fps;unsigned char *sps;int sps_len;unsigned char *pps;int pps_len;unsigned char *vps;int vps_len;} X265_SPS_PPS_VPS;typedef struct x265_encoder
{pthread_t thdId;/*编码线程ID*/int thdRunFlag;uint32_t pixelformat;/*yuv视频格式*/int rc_mode;/*编码模式*/X265_ENCODER_PARAM encParam;/*参数*/X265_SPS_PPS_VPS spsPpsVps;/*vps pps sps*/int saveFile;FILE *fp;
} X265_ENCODER;

static X265_ENCODER gstX265Encoder;int X265EncodeParamInit(X265_ENCODER *encoder)
{int y_size = 0;int rc_mode = encoder->rc_mode;uint32_t pixel_format = encoder->pixelformat;X265_ENCODER_PARAM *x265 = &encoder->encParam;X265_SPS_PPS_VPS *sps_pps_vps = &encoder->spsPpsVps;x265->param = x265_param_alloc();x265_param_default(x265->param);x265_param_default_preset(x265->param, "ultrafast", "zerolatency");x265->param->frameNumThreads = 0;x265->param->sourceWidth = sps_pps_vps->width;x265->param->sourceHeight = sps_pps_vps->height;x265->param->totalFrames = 0;x265->param->bAnnexB = 1;x265->param->bRepeatHeaders = 1;x265->param->keyframeMin = 0;x265->param->keyframeMax = sps_pps_vps->fps * 2;x265->param->internalCsp = X265_CSP_I420;//muxing parametersx265->param->fpsDenom = 1;x265->param->fpsNum = sps_pps_vps->fps;#if 1//x265->param.rc.lookahead = 0;x265->param->rc.bitrate = sps_pps_vps->bitRate;x265->param->rc.rateControlMode = rc_mode;switch (rc_mode){case X265_RC_ABR://x265->param.rc.b_filler = 1;x265->param->rc.vbvMaxBitrate = sps_pps_vps->bitRate;x265->param->rc.vbvBufferSize = sps_pps_vps->bitRate;break;case X265_RC_CQP:x265->param->rc.qp = 32;break;case X265_RC_CRF:x265->param->rc.rfConstantMin = 25;x265->param->rc.rfConstantMax = 45;break;default:break;}
#endif//encoder openx265->handler = x265_encoder_open(x265->param);if (x265->handler == NULL){ERROR("x265_encoder_open ERROR");return -1;}x265->picInput = x265_picture_alloc();x265_picture_init(x265->param, x265->picInput);y_size = sps_pps_vps->width * sps_pps_vps->height;switch (pixel_format){case V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420:x265->buff =(char *)malloc(y_size * 3 / 2);x265->picInput->planes[0] = x265->buff;x265->picInput->planes[1] = x265->buff + y_size;x265->picInput->planes[2] = x265->buff + y_size * 5 / 4;x265->picInput->stride[0] = sps_pps_vps->width;x265->picInput->stride[1] = sps_pps_vps->width / 2;x265->picInput->stride[2] = sps_pps_vps->width / 2;break;default:break;}x265->picInput->pts = 0;x265->i_nal = 0;x265_encoder_headers(x265->handler, &x265->nal, &x265->i_nal);// get sps ppsif (x265->i_nal > 0){for (uint32_t i = 0; i < x265->i_nal; i++){if (x265->nal[i].type == NAL_UNIT_VPS){sps_pps_vps->vps = new unsigned char[x265->nal[i].sizeBytes];;sps_pps_vps->vps_len = x265->nal[i].sizeBytes;memcpy(sps_pps_vps->vps, x265->nal[i].payload, sps_pps_vps->vps_len);DEBUG("vps: %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x",sps_pps_vps->vps[0], sps_pps_vps->vps[1],sps_pps_vps->vps[2], sps_pps_vps->vps[3],sps_pps_vps->vps[4]);}else if (x265->nal[i].type == NAL_UNIT_SPS){sps_pps_vps->sps = new unsigned char[x265->nal[i].sizeBytes];sps_pps_vps->sps_len = x265->nal[i].sizeBytes;memcpy(sps_pps_vps->sps, x265->nal[i].payload, sps_pps_vps->sps_len);DEBUG("sps: %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x",sps_pps_vps->sps[0], sps_pps_vps->sps[1],sps_pps_vps->sps[2], sps_pps_vps->sps[3],sps_pps_vps->sps[4]);}else if (x265->nal[i].type == NAL_UNIT_PPS){sps_pps_vps->pps = new unsigned char[x265->nal[i].sizeBytes];;sps_pps_vps->pps_len = x265->nal[i].sizeBytes;memcpy(sps_pps_vps->pps, x265->nal[i].payload, sps_pps_vps->pps_len);DEBUG("pps: %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x",sps_pps_vps->pps[0], sps_pps_vps->pps[1],sps_pps_vps->pps[2], sps_pps_vps->pps[3],sps_pps_vps->pps[4]);}}}return 0;
}int X265EncodeYUV(X265_ENCODER *coder, unsigned char *yuvData)
{int num,i;unsigned char *data = yuvData;X265_ENCODER_PARAM *enc = &coder->encParam;X265_SPS_PPS_VPS *spsPpsVps = &coder->spsPpsVps;int y_size = spsPpsVps->width * spsPpsVps->height;switch (coder->pixelformat){case V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420:memcpy(enc->picInput->planes[0], data, y_size); // copy ymemcpy(enc->picInput->planes[1], data + y_size, y_size / 4);memcpy(enc->picInput->planes[2], data + y_size + y_size / 4, y_size / 4);break;default:break;}enc->i_nal = 0;x265_encoder_encode(enc->handler, &enc->nal, &enc->i_nal, enc->picInput, NULL);enc->picInput->pts++;for (uint32_t i = 0; i < enc->i_nal; i++){/* H265RtmpAcceptFrame(RING_BUFF_RTMP,enc->nal[i].type,enc->nal[i].payload,enc->nal[i].sizeBytes);*/if (coder->fp && coder->saveFile){fwrite(enc->nal[i].payload, enc->nal[i].sizeBytes, 1, coder->fp);fflush(coder->fp);}}return 0;
}void *X265EncodeThread(void *args)
{int ret = -1;int buffId = 0;YUV_RING_BUFFER *ringBuff = NULL;X265_ENCODER *encoder = NULL;YUV_NODE yuvNode;int yuv420Size = 0;int width = 0;int height = 0;unsigned char *yuv420 = NULL;char cName[128] = {0};snprintf(cName, sizeof(cName) - 1, "%s", "X265EncodeThread");prctl(PR_SET_NAME, (unsigned long)cName, 0, 0, 0);encoder = (X265_ENCODER *)args;if (!encoder){return NULL;}width = encoder->spsPpsVps.width;height = encoder->spsPpsVps.height;yuv420Size = width * height * 3 / 2;yuv420 = (unsigned char *)malloc(yuv420Size);if (yuv420 == NULL){ERROR("malloc yuv420 memory error!");goto __exit;}ringBuff = YUVRingBufferHandle(buffId);if (ringBuff == NULL){ERROR("YUVRingBufferHandle error");goto __exit;}ret = X265EncodeParamInit(encoder);if (0 != ret){ERROR("X264_EncodeInit error");goto __exit;}DEBUG("%s have been created, Id(%lu)", __func__, pthread_self());while (encoder->thdRunFlag){usleep(100);memset(&yuvNode, 0, sizeof(YUV_NODE));if (YUVRingBufferGet(ringBuff, &yuvNode) > 0){YUV422ToYUV420(yuvNode.yuvData, yuv420, width, height);X265EncodeYUV(encoder, yuv420);free(yuvNode.yuvData);yuvNode.yuvData = NULL;}}__exit:if (yuv420){free(yuv420);yuv420 = NULL;}DEBUG("%s will exit, Id(%lu)", __func__, pthread_self());return NULL;
}int X265EncodeInit(int width, int height)
{int ret = -1;X265_ENCODER *encoder = &gstX265Encoder;memset(encoder, 0, sizeof(X265_ENCODER));encoder->spsPpsVps.width = width;encoder->spsPpsVps.height = height;encoder->spsPpsVps.fps = 15; //real frame rateencoder->spsPpsVps.bitRate = 512;encoder->pixelformat = V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420;encoder->rc_mode = X265_RC_ABR;encoder->saveFile = 1;encoder->fp = fopen("test.h265", "wb");if (!encoder->fp){ERROR("open test.h265 error");}encoder->thdRunFlag = 1;ret = pthread_create(&encoder->thdId, NULL, X265EncodeThread, (void *)encoder);if (0 != ret){ERROR("Create X265EncodeThread error");return -1;}return 0;
}void X265EnocdeDestroy()
{X265_ENCODER *encoder = &gstX265Encoder;if (encoder->thdId > 0){encoder->thdRunFlag = 0;pthread_join(encoder->thdId, 0);encoder->thdId  = 0;}if (encoder->fp){fclose(encoder->fp);encoder->fp = NULL;}if (encoder->spsPpsVps.sps){free(encoder->spsPpsVps.sps);encoder->spsPpsVps.sps = NULL;}if (encoder->spsPpsVps.pps){free(encoder->spsPpsVps.pps);encoder->spsPpsVps.pps = NULL;}if (encoder->encParam.handler){x265_encoder_close(encoder->encParam.handler);encoder->encParam.handler = NULL;}if (encoder->encParam.param){x265_param_free(encoder->encParam.param);encoder->encParam.param = NULL;}if (encoder->encParam.picInput){x265_picture_free(encoder->encParam.picInput);encoder->encParam.picInput = NULL;}if (encoder->encParam.buff){free(encoder->encParam.buff);encoder->encParam.buff = NULL;}
}

总结

以上就是今天要讲的内容，本文仅仅简单介绍了x265的使用，而x265提供了大量能使我们快速便捷地处理数据的函数和方法。

参考

最简单的视频编码器：基于libx265（编码YUV为H.265）
在linux下源码编译x265

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文章目录

前言