Excel文件的上传下载解析详解

Excel有两个版本Excel2003和Excel2007，“2003的后缀.xls”，“2007的后缀名.xlsx”

由于两者实现机制不同，当实现文件上传时两种文件不能通过一套代码实现

HSSFWorkbook只能操作excel2003以下版本,

XSSFWorkbook只能操作excel2007以上版本，

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Excel文件操作所需jar包

上传2007时会报错java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.xmlbeans.XmlOptions

原因：缺少xmlbeans-2.6.0.jar，需要把方框中所有的jar包全部导入

页面Excel.jsp:

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<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html><head><title>POI测试</title></head><body><a href="poitest.jspx?_m=poi_down">下载</a><br><form action="poitest.jspx?_m=poi_upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"><input type="file" name="file"><input type="submit" value="submit"></form></body>
</html>

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web.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0"xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaeehttp://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"><display-name></display-name><servlet><servlet-name>PoiServlet</servlet-name><servlet-class>top.wj.PoiServlet</servlet-class></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>PoiServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/poitest.jspx</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

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java代码：

package top.wj.web;import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFChart.HSSFChartType;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;public class PoiServlet extends HttpServlet {private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {//获取页面传递的参数String method = request.getParameter("_m");if("poi_down".equals(method)){poi_down(request,response);}else if("poi_upload".equals(method)){poi_upload(request,response);}}private void poi_upload(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {//判断是否是普通文件if(ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request)){//创建文件上传辅助对象DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();//设置临时空间大小factory.setSizeThreshold(1024*512);//设置临时存储位置factory.setRepository(new File("D:/test"));//创建文件上传核心对象ServletFileUpload fileUpload=new ServletFileUpload(factory);//设置最大文件大小fileUpload.setFileSizeMax(10*1024*1024);try {@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")//获取所有表单，解析requestList<FileItem> items=fileUpload.parseRequest(request);for(FileItem item:items){//判断当前的表单控件是否是一个普通控件if(!item.isFormField()){//是一个文件控件时String excelFileName = new String(item.getName().getBytes(), "utf-8"); //获取上传文件的名称//上传文件必须为excel类型,根据后缀判断(xls)String excelContentType = excelFileName.substring(excelFileName.lastIndexOf(".")); //获取上传文件的类型System.out.println("上传文件名:"+excelFileName);System.out.println("文件大小:"+item.getSize());System.out.println("\n---------------------------------------");if(".xls".equals(excelContentType)){//POIFSFileSystem类对象可以把Excel文件作为数据流来进行传入传出。POIFSFileSystem fileSystem = new POIFSFileSystem(item.getInputStream());//创建一个workbookHSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fileSystem);//打开需要解析的Sheet工作表,读取第一个工作表（下表从0开始）HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);//获取有记录的行数，即：最后有数据的行是第n行，前面有m行是空行没数据，则返回n-m；int rows = sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows();for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {HSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(i);//获取有记录的列数，即：最后有数据的列是第n列，前面有m列是空列没数据，则返回n-m；int columns = row.getPhysicalNumberOfCells();for (int j = 0; j < columns; j++) {HSSFCell cell = row.getCell(j);String value = this.getCellStringValue(cell);System.out.print(value + "--");}System.out.println("\n---------------------------------------");}System.out.println("success！");}else if(".xlsx".equals(excelContentType)){//POIFSFileSystem类对象可以把Excel文件作为数据流来进行传入传出。
//                            POIFSFileSystem fileSystem = new POIFSFileSystem(item.getInputStream());//创建一个workbook
//                            HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fileSystem);
//                            HSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fileSystem);  //2007+InputStream inputStream = item.getInputStream();XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(inputStream);//打开需要解析的Sheet工作表,读取第一个工作表（下表从0开始）XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);//获取有记录的行数，即：最后有数据的行是第n行，前面有m行是空行没数据，则返回n-m；int rows = sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows();for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {XSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(i);//获取有记录的列数，即：最后有数据的列是第n列，前面有m列是空列没数据，则返回n-m；int columns = row.getPhysicalNumberOfCells();for (int j = 0; j < columns; j++) {XSSFCell cell = row.getCell(j);String value = this.getCellStringValueXssfCell(cell);System.out.print(value + "--");}System.out.println("\n---------------------------------------");}System.out.println("success！");}else{System.out.println("必须为excel类型");}//顺便把文件保存到硬盘,防止重名String newName=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMDDHHmmssms").format(new Date());File file = new File("d:/upload");if(!file.exists()){file.mkdir();}item.write(new File("d:/upload/"+newName+excelContentType));response.sendRedirect("index.jsp");}}}catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}private void poi_down(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {//下载的第一种示例：response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=UTF-8");response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=data.xls"); ServletOutputStream stream = null;try {stream = response.getOutputStream();} catch (IOException e1) {e1.printStackTrace();}HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
//        style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);//左右居中样式HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("我的联系人");sheet.setColumnWidth(0, 2000);sheet.setColumnWidth(1, 5000);//创建表头(第一行)HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);//列HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(0);cell.setCellValue("姓名");cell.setCellStyle(style);HSSFCell cell2 = row.createCell(1);cell2.setCellValue("电话");cell2.setCellStyle(style);//创建数据行for(int i =1;i<=20;i++) {HSSFRow newrow = sheet.createRow(i);newrow.createCell(0).setCellValue("tom"+i);newrow.createCell(1).setCellValue("135816****"+i);}try {workbook.write(stream);System.out.println("下载成功");stream.flush();stream.close();} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}//下载的第二种示例：//      //  1）浏览器发送请求给服务器（用户要下载的文件名）
//          String fileName = request.getParameter("fileName");
//          fileName = new String(fileName.getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
//
//      //  2）服务器加载用户要下载的文件数据。
//          String realPath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
//
//          File file = new File(realPath,fileName);
//
//      //  3）通知浏览器以下载的方式请求资源
//              //a.Content-Type 设置文件媒体格式
//          response.setContentType(this.getServletContext().getMimeType(fileName));
//          //处理中文文件名乱码
//          String header = request.getHeader("User-Agent");
//          if(header.contains("Firefox")){
//              //表示当前是火狐
//              BASE64Encoder base64Encoder = new BASE64Encoder();
//              fileName = "=?utf-8?B?" + base64Encoder.encode(fileName.getBytes("utf-8")) + "?=";
//
//          }else{
//              //谷歌
//              fileName = URLEncoder.encode(fileName,"utf-8");
//
//          }
//              //b.Content-Disposition  设置要被下载的文件名
//          response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName);
//
//      //  4）使用IO技术，将数据发送（使用response对象发送数据）
//              //a.获取输入流
//          FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
//              //b.获取输出流
//          ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
//          //缓冲区
//          byte[] buf = new byte[8192];
//          int len = 0;
//          while(( len = in.read(buf))!=-1){
//
//              out.write(buf, 0, len);
//          }
//          in.close();}public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {doGet(request, response);}//获取单元格内不同类型值public String getCellStringValue(HSSFCell cell) {   String cellValue = "";   switch (cell.getCellType()) {   case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:   cellValue = cell.getStringCellValue();   if(cellValue.trim().equals("")||cellValue.trim().length()<=0)   cellValue=" ";   break;   case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:   cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());   break;   case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA:   cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC);   cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());   break;   case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK:   cellValue=" ";   break;   case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:   break;   case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR:   break;   default:   break;   }   return cellValue;   }//获取单元格内不同类型值public String getCellStringValueXssfCell(XSSFCell cell) {   String cellValue = "";   switch (cell.getCellType()) {   case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:   cellValue = cell.getStringCellValue();   if(cellValue.trim().equals("")||cellValue.trim().length()<=0)   cellValue=" ";   break;   case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:   cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());   break;   case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA:   cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC);   cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());   break;   case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK:   cellValue=" ";   break;   case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:   break;   case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR:   break;   default:   break;   }   return cellValue;   }
}