Android完美支持MathML显示公式方程

  • 一、目标
  • 二、设计思路
  • 三、实现过程
    • 1. 实现方案
    • 2. 参考文章
    • 3. 测试结果
    • 4. 检测MathML
  • 四、遗留问题
  • 五、Next
  • 六、Finally
  • 七、Appendix
    • 1.
    • 2.
    • 3.
    • 4.
    • 5.
    • 6.
    • 7.
    • 8.
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    • 10.
    • 11.
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    • 13.

历经3个开发阶段《Android实现方程编辑器》、《Android完美解决LaTeX中文显示问题》、《Android判断LaTeX是否为空方程》后,『神马笔记』的方程编辑器现已经完美支持LaTeX,接下来尝试支持MathML。

一、目标

神马笔记』支持MathML显示公式方程。

二、设计思路

在MathML之前,『神马笔记』已经完美支持LaTeX。

最快速实现支持MathML的方式是将MathML转化为LaTeX语言。

这样一来,后续的解析渲染就可以复用LaTeX的实现,不需要再次开发。

三、实现过程

1. 实现方案

方案 描述 参考资料
JMathTeX The library uses the typesetting algorithms of the well-known TeX and LaTeX systems and therefore displays formulas in a very professional looking way. Formulas are Java-objects that can be built from scratch (by combining smaller formulas in several ways) and from LaTeX strings. There is also limited support for MathML. http://jmathtex.sourceforge.net/
MathParser MathParser is a freeware tool that converts MathML into LaTeX. It processes pure MathML code as well as HTML with embedded MathML. It also offers a special built-in parser for Mathcad HTML/MathML files. You do not have to retype all equations for publishing anymore. http://www.tilman.de/programme/mathparser/index_en.html
fMath FMATH is a FREE solution to display mathematics on web pages, desktop app or mobile devices using MathML, LaTeX or OMML (Microsoft Word) standards. http://www.fmath.info/
XSLT MathML Library The XSLT MathML Library, xsltml, provides the XSLT developer with a set of XSLT templates for MathML 2.0 to LaTeX translation. These are implemented purely in XSLT, that is they do not use any extensions. http://xsltml.sourceforge.net/

2. 参考文章

文章 地址
数学公式:使用xsltml将MathML转LaTex https://www.jianshu.com/p/b4caef5bf1ab
java使用XSL+XML生成HTML文件 http://www.blogjava.net/yangxiang/archive/2009/08/11/290688.html

3. 测试结果

方案 结果
JMathTeX 根据JMathTeX介绍,对MathML提供了有限支持。
后来的项目转换过程中JMathTeX->JLaTeXMath->jlatexmath-android
似乎移除了对MathML的支持。
后续有待查证。
MathParser 采用替换的方式进行转换。
未达到预期效果,放弃之。
fMath 使用JDOM2解析XML并进行转换,部分公式效果未达到预期,但可用。
备选方案。
XSLT MathML Library 使用XSL方式转换,部分公式无法显示,但似乎优于fMath。
推荐方案。

4. 检测MathML

因为LaTeX和MathML使用同一个编辑框。因此需要自动检查用户输入的语言。

通过检索math><math两个关键字区分LaTeX和MathML。

public static final boolean isMathML(String text) {if (TextUtils.isEmpty(text)) {return false;}{int pos = text.lastIndexOf("math>");if (pos >= 0) {return true;}}{int pos = text.indexOf("<math");if (pos >= 0) {return true;}}return false;
}

四、遗留问题

附录中的公式来自于文章《Android完美解决LaTeX中文显示问题》,通过工具将LaTeX转换为MathML。

发现LaTeX能显示为多行的公式,使用MathML只显示一行。

未来有待查找问题根源。

五、Next

神马笔记』的方程编辑器开发至此,已经实现了以下功能。

  1. 支持LaTeX和MathML
  2. 支持无效方程判断
  3. 支持空方程判定
  4. 支持LaTeX快捷输入栏

可能是Android平台最强大的方程编辑器了。

接下来将把方程编辑器整合到『神马笔记』中,以实现在笔记中插入方程。

六、Finally

~第一是早早归来~怕红萼无人为主~

七、Appendix

1.

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5.

<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mi mathvariant="normal">&#x0025;<!-- % --></mi><mi mathvariant="normal">&#x0394;<!-- Δ --></mi><mi>p</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>100</mn><mo>&#x00D7;<!-- × --></mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mi>exp</mi><mo>&#x2061;<!-- ⁡ --></mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>g</mi></mrow><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>100</mn><mo>&#x00D7;<!-- × --></mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mi>exp</mi><mo>&#x2061;<!-- ⁡ --></mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo><mn>0.008</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo><mn>0.8</mn><mi mathvariant="normal">&#x0025;<!-- % --></mi>
</math>

6.

<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mi>C</mi><mi>u</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><munderover><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-OP MJX-fixedlimits"><mspace width="0pt" /><mo stretchy="false">&#x27F6;<!-- ⟶ --></mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi mathvariant="normal">&#x25B3;<!-- △ --></mi></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><msub><mi>H</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mi>S</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x6D53;</mo></mrow><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></munderover></mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>S</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mover><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-OP MJX-fixedlimits"><mo stretchy="false">&#x27F6;<!-- ⟶ --></mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>N</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>H</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x6EB6;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x6DB2;</mo></mrow></mrow></mover></mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>H</mi><msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub>
</math>

7.

<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mfrac><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x6EB6;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x89E3;</mo></mrow></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy="false">&#x27F6;<!-- ⟶ --></mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x9ECF;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x6DB2;</mo></mrow><mo stretchy="false">&#x2192;<!-- → --></mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x4F53;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x58C1;</mo></mrow><mo stretchy="false">&#x2192;<!-- → --></mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x6BDB;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x7EC6;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x8840;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x7BA1;</mo></mrow><mo stretchy="false">&#x2192;<!-- → --></mo></mrow></mfrac>
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8.

<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mi>a</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>b</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi mathvariant="bold">i</mi></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x548C;</mo></mrow><mi>a</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>b</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi mathvariant="bold">i</mi></mrow>
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9.

<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mfrac><mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x7535;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x68AF;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x4E0A;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x5347;</mo></mrow><mn>10</mn><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x7C73;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x91CC;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x505A;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x7684;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x529F;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mphantom><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x7535;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x68AF;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x4E0A;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x5347;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x7C73;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x91CC;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x505A;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x7684;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x529F;</mo></mrow></mphantom></mrow></mrow><mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x7535;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x68AF;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x4E0A;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x5347;</mo></mrow><mn>10</mn><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x7C73;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x82B1;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x7684;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x65F6;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x95F4;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mphantom><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x7535;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x68AF;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x4E0A;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x5347;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x7C73;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x82B1;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x7684;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x65F6;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x95F4;</mo></mrow></mphantom></mrow></mrow></mfrac>
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10.

<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mn>3</mn><mi>F</mi><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn><msub><mi>O</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mover><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-OP"><mstyle scriptlevel="1"><mtable rowspacing="0.1em" columnspacing="0em" displaystyle="false"><mtr><mtd><mo>=</mo><mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /><mo>=</mo><mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /><mo>=</mo><mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /><mo>=</mo><mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /><mo>=</mo><mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /><mo>=</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></mstyle></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x70B9;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x71C3;</mo></mrow></mrow></mover><mo>&#x2061;<!-- ⁡ --></mo><mi>F</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub><msub><mi>O</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub>
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11.

<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>+</mo><mn>4</mn><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mspace width="thickmathspace" /><munderover><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-OP"><mstyle scriptlevel="1"><mtable rowspacing="0.1em" columnspacing="0em" displaystyle="false"><mtr><mtd><mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo><mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /><mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo><mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /><mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo><mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /><mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo><mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /><mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo><mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /><mo stretchy="false">&#x21C0;<!-- ⇀ --></mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mo stretchy="false">&#x21BD;<!-- ↽ --></mo><mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /><mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo><mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /><mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo><mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /><mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo><mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /><mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo><mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /><mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></mstyle></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi mathvariant="normal">&#x25B3;<!-- △ --></mi></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi mathvariant="normal">p</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">h</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi></mrow></munderover><mspace width="thickmathspace" /><mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi><mn>4</mn></msub><mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi>
</math>

12.

<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><munderover><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-OP"><mstyle scriptlevel="1"><mtable rowspacing="0.1em" columnspacing="0em" displaystyle="false"><mtr><mtd><mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo><mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /><mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo><mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /><mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo><mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /><mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo><mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /><mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo><mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /><mo stretchy="false">&#x21C0;<!-- ⇀ --></mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mo stretchy="false">&#x21BD;<!-- ↽ --></mo><mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /><mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo><mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /><mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo><mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /><mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo><mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /><mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo><mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /><mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></mstyle></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi mathvariant="normal">&#x25B3;<!-- △ --></mi></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x50AC;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x5316;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x5242;</mo></mrow></mrow></munderover>
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13.

<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x89E3;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#xFF1A;</mo></mrow><mo>&#x2235;</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>&#x222A;<!-- ∪ --></mo><mi>B</mi><mo>=</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mspace width="thinmathspace" /><mn>2</mn><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#xFF0C;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x5219;</mo></mrow><mi>A</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#xFF0C;</mo></mrow><mi>B</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x5747;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x4E3A;</mo></mrow><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mspace width="thinmathspace" /><mn>2</mn><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x7684;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x5B50;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x96C6;</mo></mrow><mrow 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stretchy="false">}</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x65F6;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#xFF0C;</mo></mrow><mi>B</mi><mo>=</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mspace width="thinmathspace" /><mn>2</mn><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#xFF0C;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x6216;</mo></mrow><mi>B</mi><mo>=</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mn>1</mn><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#xFF0C;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x6216;</mo></mrow><mi>B</mi><mo>=</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mn>2</mn><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#xFF0C;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x6216;</mo></mrow><mi>B</mi><mo>=</mo><mi class="MJX-variant">&#x2205;<!-- ∅ --></mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#xFF0C;</mo></mrow><mspace linebreak="newline" /><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x5171;</mo></mrow><mn>9</mn><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x79CD;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x60C5;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x51B5;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#xFF0C;</mo></mrow><mspace linebreak="newline" /><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x6545;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#x9009;</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>&#xFF1A;</mo></mrow><mi>D</mi>
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