Android打印机--蓝牙打印

关于Android蓝牙打印和网络打印，其实都是利用Socket通信机制，只是蓝牙打印将socket做了一层封装BluetoothSocket ，打印的数据都是以流的方式进行传输或保存的，程序需要数据的时候要使用输入流读取数据，而当程序需要将一些数据保存起来的时候，就要使用输出流完成。

在java.io包中操作文件内容的主要有两大类：字节流、字符流，两类都分为输入和输出操作。在字节流中输出数据主要是使用OutputStream完成，输入使的是InputStream，在字符流中输出主要是使用Writer类完成，输入流主要使用Reader类完成。（这四个都是抽象类）

字节流可用于任何类型的对象，包括二进制对象，而字符流只能处理字符或者字符串；字节流提供了处理任何类型的IO操作的功能，但它不能直接处理Unicode字符，而字符流就可以。字节流主要是操作byte类型数据，以byte数组为准，而打印指令是以字节数组形式存在的，所以对于打印，我们使用字符流进行读写操作。

对于蓝牙打印，需要的操作有：

搜索蓝牙设备
和蓝牙设备建立连接
如果连接成功则打印相应内容和命令(可以控制字体大小等等一些指令)
还可记住该台设备的蓝牙mac，下次可直接连接该设备进行打印

由于上述流程存在耗时操作，需要开一个线程，使用Thread+Handler处理

/*** 保持蓝牙连接的线程*/
public class BluetoothThread extends Thread {// 固定不变,表示蓝牙通用串口服务private static final UUID BLUETOOTH_UUID = UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");private BluetoothSocket mSocket; // 蓝牙连接的socketprivate OutputStream mOutputStream;   // 用于打印数据的输出流private Handler mHandler;private Callback mCallback;private BluetoothDevice mDevice;public BluetoothThread(BluetoothDevice bondedDevice) throws Exception {mDevice = bondedDevice;if (bondedDevice.getBondState() != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {throw new Exception("BluetoothDevice has not bonded.");}try {mSocket = bondedDevice.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(BLUETOOTH_UUID);  // 创建连接的Socket对象mSocket.connect();mOutputStream = mSocket.getOutputStream();} catch (IOException e) {if (mSocket != null) {try {mSocket.close();} catch (IOException e1) {e1.printStackTrace();}}throw new Exception("BluetoothDevice connect fail. " + e.getMessage());}}public void quit() {if (mHandler == null) {return;}mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(-1);}public void write(String text) {byte[] bytes = new byte[0];try {bytes = text.getBytes("GBK");} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {e.printStackTrace();}write(bytes);}public void write(byte[] bytes) {if (mHandler == null) {return;}Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(0);msg.obj = bytes;mHandler.sendMessage(msg);}public boolean isInnerPrinter() {return "00:11:22:33:44:55".equals(mDevice.getAddress());}@Overridepublic void run() {Looper.prepare();mHandler = new Handler() {@Overridepublic void handleMessage(Message msg) {super.handleMessage(msg);if (msg.what == -1) {Looper looper = Looper.myLooper();if (looper != null) {looper.quit();}removeCallbacksAndMessages(null);mHandler = null;} else {byte[] bytes = (byte[]) msg.obj;try {mOutputStream.write(bytes);if (mCallback != null) {mCallback.onWriteFinished(mDevice);}} catch (IOException e) {if (mCallback != null) {mCallback.onWriteFail(mDevice);}}}}};Looper.loop();// 线程结束,则关闭try {mOutputStream.close();mSocket.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}public void setCallback(Callback callback) {mCallback = callback;}interface Callback {void onWriteFinished(BluetoothDevice device);void onWriteFail(BluetoothDevice device);}
}

对于蓝牙连接和打印定义一个蓝牙管理类

/*** 负责蓝牙相关的业务逻辑*/
public class BluetoothManager {private static BluetoothManager sBluetoothManager; // 防止创建多次，设置为单例private Map<BluetoothDevice, BluetoothThread> mBluetoothThreadMap = new HashMap<>();   // 存储每个蓝牙设备连接成功时对应连接的线程private int mPrintingThreadCount = 0;private BluetoothManager() {// 通过getInstance()方法获取实例}/*** 获取当前类示例*/public synchronized static BluetoothManager getInstance() {if (sBluetoothManager == null) {sBluetoothManager = new BluetoothManager();}return sBluetoothManager;}/*** 连接蓝牙设备*/public boolean connect(BluetoothDevice device, Context context) {BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().cancelDiscovery();BluetoothThread thread = mBluetoothThreadMap.get(device);if (thread == null) {try {thread = new BluetoothThread(device);thread.start();mBluetoothThreadMap.put(device, thread);// 连接的蓝牙设备无法确定的判断出是否是打印机，所以将所有连接上的蓝牙设备全部放到PrinterManager中PrinterManager.getInstance().register(GeneralPrinter.getPrinterThroughBluetooth(context, device.getAddress(), device.getName(), thread));return true;} catch (Exception e) {return false;}} else {return true;}}/*** 断开当前正在连接的蓝牙设备*/public void disconnect(Context context, BluetoothDevice device) {BluetoothThread thread = mBluetoothThreadMap.get(device);if (thread != null) {thread.quit();mBluetoothThreadMap.remove(device);// 断开连接时从PrinterManager中去除PrinterManager.getInstance().unregister(context, device.getAddress());}}/*** 断开所有设备*/public void disconnectAll() {for (BluetoothThread thread : mBluetoothThreadMap.values()) {thread.quit();}mBluetoothThreadMap.clear();}/*** 获取已经连接成功的蓝牙设备*/public List<BluetoothDevice> getConnectedDeviceList() {return new ArrayList<>(mBluetoothThreadMap.keySet());}public boolean hasConnectedDevice() {return !mBluetoothThreadMap.isEmpty();}private void preparePrint() {int count;do {synchronized (BluetoothManager.class) {count = mPrintingThreadCount;if (count <= 0) {mPrintingThreadCount = mBluetoothThreadMap.size();}}} while (count > 0);}public void printText(String text, final OnPrintListener listener) {if (TextUtils.isEmpty(text)) {return;}preparePrint();for (final BluetoothThread thread : mBluetoothThreadMap.values()) {if (thread.isInnerPrinter()) {IPrinter innerPrinter = PrinterManager.getInstance().getInnerPrinter();if (innerPrinter != null) {synchronized (BluetoothManager.class) {mPrintingThreadCount--;if (mPrintingThreadCount <= 0) {if (listener != null) {listener.onPrintFinished();}}}continue;}}thread.setCallback(new BluetoothThread.Callback() {@Overridepublic void onWriteFinished(BluetoothDevice device) {thread.setCallback(null);synchronized (BluetoothManager.class) {mPrintingThreadCount--;if (mPrintingThreadCount <= 0) {if (listener != null) {listener.onPrintFinished();}}}}@Overridepublic void onWriteFail(BluetoothDevice device) {thread.setCallback(null);if (listener != null) {listener.onPrintFail(device);}synchronized (BluetoothManager.class) {mPrintingThreadCount--;if (mPrintingThreadCount <= 0) {if (listener != null) {listener.onPrintFinished();}}}}});thread.write(text);}}public void printText(byte[] bytes, final OnPrintListener listener) {if (TextUtils.isEmpty(Arrays.toString(bytes))) {return;}preparePrint();for (final BluetoothThread thread : mBluetoothThreadMap.values()) {if (thread.isInnerPrinter()) {IPrinter innerPrinter = PrinterManager.getInstance().getInnerPrinter();if (innerPrinter != null) {synchronized (BluetoothManager.class) {mPrintingThreadCount--;if (mPrintingThreadCount <= 0) {if (listener != null) {listener.onPrintFinished();}}}continue;}}thread.setCallback(new BluetoothThread.Callback() {@Overridepublic void onWriteFinished(BluetoothDevice device) {thread.setCallback(null);synchronized (BluetoothManager.class) {mPrintingThreadCount--;if (mPrintingThreadCount <= 0) {if (listener != null) {listener.onPrintFinished();}}}}@Overridepublic void onWriteFail(BluetoothDevice device) {thread.setCallback(null);if (listener != null) {listener.onPrintFail(device);}synchronized (BluetoothManager.class) {mPrintingThreadCount--;if (mPrintingThreadCount <= 0) {if (listener != null) {listener.onPrintFinished();}}}}});thread.write(bytes);}}/*** 指定某个蓝牙设备打印文本内容** @param text 打印的文本内容*/public void printText(BluetoothDevice device, String text, final OnPrintListener listener) {if (TextUtils.isEmpty(text)) {return;}final BluetoothThread thread = mBluetoothThreadMap.get(device);if (thread != null) {if (listener != null) {thread.setCallback(new BluetoothThread.Callback() {@Overridepublic void onWriteFinished(BluetoothDevice device) {thread.setCallback(null);listener.onPrintFinished();}@Overridepublic void onWriteFail(BluetoothDevice device) {thread.setCallback(null);listener.onPrintFail(device);}});}thread.write(text);  // 打印文本}}public interface OnPrintListener {void onPrintFinished();void onPrintFail(BluetoothDevice device);}
}

以上就是Android蓝牙打印整个流程，蓝牙打印可以同时连接多个打印机(一般情况下连2-3个没什么问题，如果多了，机器可能撑不住而直接崩溃，这和机器的硬件有关。)

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