oracle创建实例

如果条件允许，可用图形化界面创建更方便快捷

以root用户登录，敲./dbca,如果跳不出图形化界面，就用下面的手动创建

一、以oracle用户登录

二、获取oracle安装路径

[oracle@linux] echo $ORACLE_HOME

[oracle@linux] cd $ORACLE_HOME

[oracle@linuxoracle/product/11g/db] cd dbs

三、创建新实例的参数文件

[oracle@10.14.54.199 dbs]$ ls

hc_orcl2.dat initdw.ora initorcl.ora lkORCL2 orapworcl2 spfileorcl.ora

hc_orcl.dat init.ora lkORCL orapworcl spfileorcl2.ora

[oracle@10.14.54.199 dbs]$ pwd

/oracle/inst1/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs

[oracle@10.14.54.199 dbs]$ cp initorcl.ora initorcl3.ora

注：这里我们通过拷贝原实例参数文件的方法进行创建，然后再进行修改。

修改新实例的参数文件

orcl.__db_cache_size=184549376

orcl.__java_pool_size=4194304

orcl.__large_pool_size=4194304

orcl.__shared_pool_size=88080384

orcl.__streams_pool_size=0

*.audit_file_dest='/oracle/inst1/admin/orcl3/adump'

*.background_dump_dest='/oracle/inst1/admin/orcl3/bdump'

*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'

*.control_files='/oracle/inst1/oradata/orcl3/control01.ctl','/oracle/inst1/oradata/orcl3/control02.ctl','/oracle/inst1/oradata/orcl3/control03.ctl'

*.core_dump_dest='/oracle/inst1/admin/orcl3/cdump'

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_domain=''

*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16

*.db_name='orcl3'

*.db_recovery_file_dest='/oracle/inst1/flash_recovery_area'

*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'

*.job_queue_processes=10

*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/oracle/inst1/arch/orcl3'

*.open_cursors=300

*.pga_aggregate_target=94371840

*.processes=150

*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

*.sga_target=285212672

*.undo_management='AUTO'

*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

*.user_dump_dest='/oracle/inst1/admin/orcl3/udump'

创建新实例的相关目录：

[oracle@10.14.54.199 ~]$ cd /oracle/inst1/admin/

[oracle@10.14.54.199 admin]$ mkdir orcl3

[oracle@10.14.54.199 admin]$ ls

orcl orcl2 orcl3

[oracle@10.14.54.199 admin]$ cd orcl3

[oracle@10.14.54.199 orcl3]$ mkdir adump bdump cdump udump

[oracle@10.14.54.199 orcl3]$ cd /oracle/inst1/oradata/

[oracle@10.14.54.199 oradata]$ mkdir orcl3

[oracle@10.14.54.199 oradata]$ ls

orcl orcl2 orcl3

[oracle@10.14.54.199 oradata]$ pwd

/oracle/inst1/oradata

[oracle@10.14.54.199 oradata]$ ls

orcl orcl2 orcl3

[oracle@10.14.54.199 oradata]$ cd ..

[oracle@10.14.54.199 inst1]$ ls

admin arch database flash_recovery_area libXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5.i386.rpm oradata oraInventory product

[oracle@10.14.54.199 inst1]$ cd arch

[oracle@10.14.54.199 arch]$ ls

orcl orcl2

[oracle@10.14.54.199 arch]$ mkdir orcl3

[oracle@10.14.54.199 arch]$ ls

orcl orcl2 orcl3

启动实例测试

[oracle@10.14.54.199 arch]$ export ORACLE_SID=orcl3

[oracle@10.14.54.199 arch]$ sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Dec 5 17:46:40 2012

SQL> conn /as sysdba;

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup nomount;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 285212672 bytes

Fixed Size 1218992 bytes

Variable Size 92276304 bytes

Database Buffers 188743680 bytes

Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes

SQL> select instance_name from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME

----------------

orcl3

创建密码文件：(该步骤一定要执行，否则SYS没有SYSDBA权限登录)

oracle@10.14.54.199 arch]$ orapwd file=”/oracle/inst1/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapworcl3” password=oracle entries=10;

四、创建数据库

4.1、编写数据库创建脚本

下面为创建数据库的脚本：(注意：路径不要有空格)

CREATE DATABASE orcl5

USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY sys

USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY manager

LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/mnt/sda3/oracle/oradata/orcl5/redo01.log') SIZE 20M,

GROUP 2 ('/mnt/sda3/oracle/oradata/orcl5/redo02.log') SIZE 20M,

GROUP 3 ('/mnt/sda3/oracle/oradata/orcl5/redo03.log') SIZE 20M

MAXLOGFILES 5

MAXLOGMEMBERS 5

MAXLOGHISTORY 1

MAXDATAFILES 100

MAXINSTANCES 1

CHARACTER SET US7ASCII

NATIONAL CHARACTER SET UTF8

DATAFILE '/mnt/sda3/oracle/oradata/orcl5/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE

EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL

SYSAUX DATAFILE '/mnt/sda3/oracle/oradata/orcl5/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE

DEFAULT TABLESPACE tbs_1 datafile '/mnt/sda3/oracle/oradata/orcl5/tbs_1.dbf' size 50m

DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp

TEMPFILE '/mnt/sda3/oracle/oradata/orcl5/temp01.dbf'

SIZE 20M REUSE

UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs1

DATAFILE '/mnt/sda3/oracle/oradata/orcl5/undotbs01.dbf'

SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;

4.3、验证是否创建成功

查询数据库状态

SQL> select status from v$instance;

STATUS

------------

OPEN

SQL>

4.4、运行后续脚本，创建数据字典及相关视图

SQL>conn sys as sysdba

SQL>@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql;

此过程可能需要10分钟左右

SQL>@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql;

此过程可能需要15分钟左右

SQL>@?/rdbms/admin/catblock.sql;

SQL>@?/rdbms/admin/catoctk.sql;

SQL>@?/rdbms/admin/owminst.plb;

SQL>conn system/ manager

SQL>@?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql;

SQL>@?/sqlplus/admin/help/hlpbld.sql helpus.sql

五、客户端连接

5.1、监听文件配置（listener.ora）

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)

(ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/inst1/product/10.2.0/db_1)

(PROGRAM = extproc)

)

(SID_DESC =

(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl5)

(ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/inst1/product/10.2.0/db_1)

(SID_NAME = orcl5)

)

(SID_DESC =

(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl3)

(ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/inst1/product/10.2.0/db_1)

(SID_NAME = orcl3)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.14.54.199)(PORT = 1521))

)

5.2、本地服务名称配置（tnsnames.ora）

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

ORCL =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.14.54.199)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)

)

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