我正试图用Tkinter编写一个带有简单GUI的Tic-Tac-Toe程序。目前的结果如下：import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import Tkinter as tk

class Game:

def __init__(self, player1, player2, with_GUI=False):

self.player1 = player1

self.player2 = player2

self.current_player = player1

self.board = Board()

self.with_GUI = with_GUI

if self.with_GUI:

master = tk.Tk()

self.GUI = GUI(master)

self.board.GUI = self.GUI

self.player1.GUI = self.GUI

self.player2.GUI = self.GUI

def play(self):

self.board.render()

while not self.board.over():

self.play_turn()

self.declare_outcome()

def play_turn(self):

move = self.current_player.get_move()

mark = self.current_player.mark

self.board.place_mark(move, mark)

self.switch_players()

self.board.render()

def switch_players(self):

if self.current_player == self.player1:

self.current_player = self.player2

else:

self.current_player = self.player1

def declare_outcome(self):

if self.board.winner() == 1:

print "Player 1 wins!"

elif self.board.winner() == 0:

print "Player 2 wins!"

else:

print "Cat's game."

class Board:

def __init__(self, grid=np.ones((3,3))*np.nan, GUI=None):

self.grid = grid

self.GUI = GUI

def winner(self):

rows = [self.grid[i,:] for i in range(3)]

cols = [self.grid[:,j] for j in range(3)]

diag = [np.array([self.grid[i,i] for i in range(3)])]

cross_diag = [np.array([self.grid[2-i,i] for i in range(3)])]

lanes = np.concatenate((rows, cols, diag, cross_diag)) # A "lane" is defined as a row, column, diagonal, or cross-diagonal

any_lane = lambda x: any([np.array_equal(lane, x) for lane in lanes]) # Returns true if any lane is equal to the input argument "x"

if any_lane(np.ones(3)):

return 1

elif any_lane(np.zeros(3)):

return 0

def over(self):

return (not np.any(np.isnan(self.grid))) or (self.winner() is not None)

def place_mark(self, pos, mark):

num = self.mark2num(mark)

self.grid[tuple(pos)] = num

def mark2num(self, mark):

if mark == "X":

return 1

elif mark == "O":

return 0

else:

print "The player's mark must be either 'X' or 'O'."

def render(self):

if self.GUI is None:

print self.grid

else:

pass

class HumanPlayer:

def __init__(self, mark, GUI=None):

self.mark = mark

self.GUI = GUI

def get_move(self, board=Board()):

if self.GUI is None:

move_string = input("Where would you like to move? (row, column) ")

move = tuple(move_string)

if not self.empty(move, board):

print "That square is already occupied.\n"

return self.get_move(board)

else:

return tuple(move_string)

else:

# return GUI.make_move()

pass

def empty(self, move, board):

return np.isnan(board.grid[move])

class GUI:

def __init__(self, master):

frame = tk.Frame(master)

frame.pack()

self.buttons = [[None for _ in range(3)] for _ in range(3)]

for i in range(3):

for j in range(3):

self.buttons[i][j] = tk.Button(frame, height=3, width=3, text="", command=lambda i=i, j=j: self.make_move(self.buttons[i][j]))

self.buttons[i][j].grid(row=i, column=j)

def make_move(self, button):

if button["text"] == "":

button.configure(text="X")

info = button.grid_info()

move = (info["row"], info["column"])

print move

return move

player1 = HumanPlayer(mark="X")

player2 = HumanPlayer(mark="O")

game = Game(player1, player2, with_GUI=True)

game.play()

这个程序在没有GUI的情况下工作：如果我在倒数第二行将with_GUI设置为False，它将使用一个非常简单的命令行界面，其中板由一个3x3 Numpy数组表示，其中“X”标记用1，“O”由0表示，空正方形由NaN表示。在

使用with_GUI=True，我得到一个未标记的按钮数组，当单击时，这些按钮将获得标签“X”，并将坐标打印到命令行(见下文)。在

但是，我正在努力寻找如何从GUI类中的make_move函数返回到HumanPlayer类中的get_move函数中。make_move需要一个tk.Button的实例作为输入，如何使最近单击的Button可用于该类？在