Ubuntu 安装 Eclipse IDE

The Platform for Open Innovation and Collaboration
http://www.eclipse.org/

编辑 -> 编译 -> 链接 -> 运行

1. Other -> IDE and Tools

http://www.eclipse.org/ide/
Eclipse 是一个开放源代码的、基于 Java 的可扩展开发平台。就其本身而言，它只是一个框架和一组服务，用于通过插件组件构建开发环境。它能在任何有 Java 虚拟机的操作系统上运行。

2. Eclipse IDE for C/C++ Developers

Home -> IDE -> Desktop IDEs -> Eclipse IDE for C/C++ Developers

Ubuntu 源带 Eclipse，但版本通常是比官网的版本旧，额外的插件一律没有，默认只能开发 Java 程序，推荐直接从官网上下载 Eclipse 安装，有各类捆绑插件用于不同开发用途的 Eclipse 压缩包。

sudo apt-get install eclipse

2.1 Package Description

An IDE for C/C++ developers with Mylyn integration.

2.2 This package includes:

C/C++ Development Tools
Git integration for Eclipse
Mylyn Task List

Linux 64-bit
File: eclipse-cpp-2018-09-linux-gtk-x86_64.tar.gz

3. Installation

Check out your OS Type, 32-bit or 64-bit, by going to System Settings -> Details -> Overview, then select download Linux 32-bit or 64-bit of Eclipse Installer.
打开一个终端，用 cd 命令进入下载文件所在的文件夹并且给文件加上执行权限。

cd <你下载文件所在文件夹>
chmod +x <已下载的安装文件>

为了使你的安装对所有用户都有效，用 sudo 运行安装命令并且根据提示操作。

sudo ./<已下载的安装文件>

为单个用户安装，只需运行安装文件并且根据提示操作。当安装程序询问你时，选择一个安装目录，并且确认这个用户对这个目录有写的权限。

./<已下载的安装文件>

要运行Eclipse，使用 <eclipse安装目录>/bin/eclipse命令。

3.1 Java SDK

为了安装和运行 Eclipse，你需要安装 Java 软件开发工具包 (Java SDK)。运行使用 Java 语言编写的软件 Eclipse，需要安装 Java 虚拟机软件。Ubuntu 默认的是 Open-JDK.
https://blog.csdn.net/chengyq116/article/details/83756304

A Java Runtime Environment (JRE) or Java Development Kit (JDK) must be available in order to run Eclipse. No Java virtual machine was found after searching the following locations:
java in your current PATH
解决方案：
https://blog.csdn.net/chengyq116/article/details/83756304

3.2 eclipse-cpp-2018-09-linux-gtk-x86_64.tar.gz

Eclipse 在 ubuntu 16.04 LTS 下是绿色版的。

foreverstrong@strong:~/software$ ll
total 506972
drwxrwxr-x  3 foreverstrong foreverstrong      4096 11月  5 14:14 ./
drwxr-xr-x 23 foreverstrong foreverstrong      4096 11月  2 13:04 ../
-rw-rw-rw-  1 foreverstrong foreverstrong 236908195 11月  5 14:14 eclipse-cpp-2018-09-linux-gtk-x86_64.tar.gz
drwxrwxr-x 10 foreverstrong foreverstrong      4096 11月  2 12:55 pycharm-2016.3.3/
-rwxrwxrwx  1 foreverstrong foreverstrong 282217430 11月  2 11:31 pycharm-professional-2016.3.3.tar.gz*
foreverstrong@strong:~/software$ chmod a+x eclipse-cpp-2018-09-linux-gtk-x86_64.tar.gz
foreverstrong@strong:~/software$
foreverstrong@strong:~/software$ ll
total 506972
drwxrwxr-x  3 foreverstrong foreverstrong      4096 11月  5 14:14 ./
drwxr-xr-x 23 foreverstrong foreverstrong      4096 11月  2 13:04 ../
-rwxrwxrwx  1 foreverstrong foreverstrong 236908195 11月  5 14:14 eclipse-cpp-2018-09-linux-gtk-x86_64.tar.gz*
drwxrwxr-x 10 foreverstrong foreverstrong      4096 11月  2 12:55 pycharm-2016.3.3/
-rwxrwxrwx  1 foreverstrong foreverstrong 282217430 11月  2 11:31 pycharm-professional-2016.3.3.tar.gz*
foreverstrong@strong:~/software$
foreverstrong@strong:~/software$ tar -zxvf eclipse-cpp-2018-09-linux-gtk-x86_64.tar.gz
......
foreverstrong@strong:~/software$
foreverstrong@strong:~/software$ ll
total 506976
drwxrwxr-x  4 foreverstrong foreverstrong      4096 11月  5 14:15 ./
drwxr-xr-x 23 foreverstrong foreverstrong      4096 11月  2 13:04 ../
drwxrwxr-x  8 foreverstrong foreverstrong      4096 9月  18 03:49 eclipse/
-rwxrwxrwx  1 foreverstrong foreverstrong 236908195 11月  5 14:14 eclipse-cpp-2018-09-linux-gtk-x86_64.tar.gz*
drwxrwxr-x 10 foreverstrong foreverstrong      4096 11月  2 12:55 pycharm-2016.3.3/
-rwxrwxrwx  1 foreverstrong foreverstrong 282217430 11月  2 11:31 pycharm-professional-2016.3.3.tar.gz*
foreverstrong@strong:~/software$ cd eclipse/
foreverstrong@strong:~/software/eclipse$ ls
artifacts.xml  configuration  dropins  eclipse  eclipse.ini  features  icon.xpm  notice.html  p2  plugins  readme
foreverstrong@strong:~/software/eclipse$ sudo ./eclipse
[sudo] password for foreverstrong:
Gtk-Message: GtkDialog mapped without a transient parent. This is discouraged.
foreverstrong@strong:~/software/eclipse$
foreverstrong@strong:~/software/eclipse$ sudo ./eclipse
[sudo] password for foreverstrong:
log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.apache.http.client.protocol.RequestAddCookies).
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
Memory pressure relief: Empty the PageCache: =dirty (at 21532672 bytes)
Memory pressure relief: Prune MemoryCache live resources: =dirty (at 21532672 bytes)
Memory pressure relief: Drain CSSValuePool: =dirty (at 21532672 bytes)
Memory pressure relief: Discard StyleResolvers: =dirty (at 21532672 bytes)
Memory pressure relief: Discard all JIT-compiled code: =dirty (at 21532672 bytes)
Memory pressure relief: Dropping buffered data from paused media elements: =dirty (at 21532672 bytes)
Memory pressure relief: Purge inactive FontData: =dirty (at 21532672 bytes)
Memory pressure relief: Clear WidthCaches: =dirty (at 21532672 bytes)
Memory pressure relief: Discard Selector Query Cache: =dirty (at 21532672 bytes)
Memory pressure relief: Prune MemoryCache dead resources: =dirty (at 21532672 bytes)
Memory pressure relief: Prune presentation attribute cache: =dirty (at 21532672 bytes)
Memory pressure relief: Run malloc_trim: -dirty 1036288 bytes (from 21532672 to 20496384)
Memory pressure relief: Release free FastMalloc memory: -dirty 110592 bytes (from 20496384 to 20385792)
Memory pressure relief: Empty the PageCache: =dirty (at 44429312 bytes)
Memory pressure relief: Prune MemoryCache live resources: =dirty (at 44429312 bytes)
Memory pressure relief: Drain CSSValuePool: =dirty (at 44429312 bytes)
Memory pressure relief: Discard StyleResolvers: +dirty 16384 bytes (from 44429312 to 44445696)
Memory pressure relief: Discard all JIT-compiled code: =dirty (at 44445696 bytes)
Memory pressure relief: Dropping buffered data from paused media elements: =dirty (at 44445696 bytes)
Memory pressure relief: Purge inactive FontData: =dirty (at 44445696 bytes)
Memory pressure relief: Clear WidthCaches: =dirty (at 44445696 bytes)
Memory pressure relief: Discard Selector Query Cache: =dirty (at 44445696 bytes)
Memory pressure relief: Prune MemoryCache dead resources: =dirty (at 44445696 bytes)
Memory pressure relief: Prune presentation attribute cache: =dirty (at 44445696 bytes)
Memory pressure relief: Run malloc_trim: -dirty 4718592 bytes (from 44445696 to 39727104)
Memory pressure relief: Release free FastMalloc memory: -dirty 2895872 bytes (from 39727104 to 36831232)
foreverstrong@strong:~/software/eclipse$

Eclipse 运行，会弹出一个窗口，要求用户选择一个工作空间 (Workspace)。在 Eclipse 运行之后，所有的项目和文件缺省情况下都会存储在这个工作空间中，并且我们对 Eclipse 进行的任何设置也都是和 Workspace 相关联的。

4. Create a launcher shortcut

Open terminal from Unity Dash, Application Launcher, or via Ctrl + Alt + T shortcut key. When it opens, paste below command and run:

gedit .local/share/applications/eclipse.desktop
gedit /usr/share/applications/eclipse.desktop
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/eclipse.desktop

The command creates and opens a launcher file, for current user, with gedit text editor. When it opens, paste below content:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Eclipse
Type=Application
Exec=/home/USERNAME/java-mars/eclipse/eclipse
Terminal=false
Icon=/home/USERNAME/java-mars/eclipse/icon.xpm
Comment=Integrated Development Environment
NoDisplay=false
Categories=Development;IDE;
Name[en]=Eclipse

Depends on your installation folder, check out in file browser, change the value in red.

终端的警告不用理会，在弹出的文本编辑器输入：

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Eclipse
Type=Application
Exec=/home/foreverstrong/software/eclipse/eclipse
Terminal=false
Icon=/home/foreverstrong/software/eclipse/icon.xpm
Comment=Integrated Development Environment
NoDisplay=false
Categories=Development;IDE;
Name[en]=Eclipse

/usr/share/applications/ 目录下找到 Eclipse 图标，右击 -> Copy To… -> Desktop.

5. An error has occurred. See the log file null.

foreverstrong@strong:~/Desktop$ pwd
/home/foreverstrong/Desktop
foreverstrong@strong:~/Desktop$
foreverstrong@strong:~/Desktop$ ll
total 12
drwxr-xr-x  2 foreverstrong foreverstrong 4096 11月  6 09:18 ./
drwxr-xr-x 25 foreverstrong foreverstrong 4096 11月  5 20:55 ../
-rwxr-xr-x  1 foreverstrong foreverstrong  262 11月  6 09:18 eclipse.desktop*
foreverstrong@strong:~/Desktop$
foreverstrong@strong:~/Desktop$ chmod a+x eclipse.desktop
foreverstrong@strong:~/Desktop$
foreverstrong@strong:~/Desktop$ ll
total 12
drwxr-xr-x  2 foreverstrong foreverstrong 4096 11月  6 09:18 ./
drwxr-xr-x 25 foreverstrong foreverstrong 4096 11月  5 20:55 ../
-rwxr-xr-x  1 foreverstrong foreverstrong  262 11月  6 09:18 eclipse.desktop*
foreverstrong@strong:~/Desktop$

foreverstrong@strong:~$ sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/eclipse.desktop

5.1 log file 目录

/home/foreverstrong/software/eclipse/configuration/******.log

!SESSION 2018-11-06 09:14:57.747 -----------------------------------------------
eclipse.buildId=4.9.0.I20180906-0745
java.version=1.8.0_181
java.vendor=Oracle Corporation
BootLoader constants: OS=linux, ARCH=x86_64, WS=gtk, NL=en_US!ENTRY org.eclipse.osgi 4 0 2018-11-06 09:14:58.353
!MESSAGE Error reading configuration: /home/foreverstrong/software/eclipse/configuration/org.eclipse.osgi/.manager/.fileTableLock (Permission denied)
!STACK 0
java.io.FileNotFoundException: /home/foreverstrong/software/eclipse/configuration/org.eclipse.osgi/.manager/.fileTableLock (Permission denied)at java.io.RandomAccessFile.open0(Native Method)at java.io.RandomAccessFile.open(RandomAccessFile.java:316)at java.io.RandomAccessFile.<init>(RandomAccessFile.java:243)at org.eclipse.osgi.internal.location.Locker_JavaNio.lock(Locker_JavaNio.java:39)at org.eclipse.osgi.storagemanager.StorageManager.lock(StorageManager.java:391)at org.eclipse.osgi.storagemanager.StorageManager.open(StorageManager.java:704)at org.eclipse.osgi.storage.Storage.getChildStorageManager(Storage.java:2068)at org.eclipse.osgi.storage.Storage.getInfoInputStream(Storage.java:2085)at org.eclipse.osgi.storage.Storage.<init>(Storage.java:240)at org.eclipse.osgi.storage.Storage.createStorage(Storage.java:175)at org.eclipse.osgi.internal.framework.EquinoxContainer.<init>(EquinoxContainer.java:72)at org.eclipse.osgi.launch.Equinox.<init>(Equinox.java:34)at org.eclipse.core.runtime.adaptor.EclipseStarter.startup(EclipseStarter.java:306)at org.eclipse.core.runtime.adaptor.EclipseStarter.run(EclipseStarter.java:242)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)at org.eclipse.equinox.launcher.Main.invokeFramework(Main.java:659)at org.eclipse.equinox.launcher.Main.basicRun(Main.java:595)at org.eclipse.equinox.launcher.Main.run(Main.java:1501)at org.eclipse.equinox.launcher.Main.main(Main.java:1474)

权限问题，sudo chmod -R 777 eclipse.

foreverstrong@strong:~/software$ ll eclipse
total 488
drwxrwxr-x  8 foreverstrong foreverstrong   4096 11月  6 09:30 ./
drwxrwxr-x  4 foreverstrong foreverstrong   4096 11月  5 14:15 ../
-rw-rw-r--  1 foreverstrong foreverstrong 167752 9月  18 03:49 artifacts.xml
drwxrwxr-x 11 foreverstrong foreverstrong   4096 11月  6 09:30 configuration/
drwxrwxr-x  2 foreverstrong foreverstrong   4096 9月  18 03:49 dropins/
-rwxr-xr-x  1 foreverstrong foreverstrong  73064 9月   6 21:10 eclipse*
-rw-rw-r--  1 foreverstrong foreverstrong    628 9月  18 03:49 eclipse.ini
-rw-rw-r--  1 foreverstrong foreverstrong     60 9月   6 19:47 .eclipseproduct
drwxrwxr-x 95 foreverstrong foreverstrong  12288 9月  18 03:49 features/
-rwxr-xr-x  1 foreverstrong foreverstrong 140566 9月   6 21:10 icon.xpm*
-rw-rw-r--  1 foreverstrong foreverstrong   6297 9月  12 19:46 notice.html
drwxrwxr-x  4 foreverstrong foreverstrong   4096 11月  5 20:55 p2/
drwxrwxr-x 10 foreverstrong foreverstrong  57344 9月  18 03:49 plugins/
drwxrwxr-x  2 foreverstrong foreverstrong   4096 9月  18 03:49 readme/
foreverstrong@strong:~/software$ chmod -R 777 eclipseforeverstrong@strong:~/software$
foreverstrong@strong:~/software$ sudo chmod -R 777 eclipse
[sudo] password for foreverstrong:
foreverstrong@strong:~/software$

权限问题，新建目录。

foreverstrong@strong:~$ ll
drwxrwxr-x  3 foreverstrong foreverstrong 4096 11月  6 09:36 eclipse-work/
drwxr-xr-x  3 root          root          4096 11月  5 20:55 eclipse-workspace/
foreverstrong@strong:~$

6. Eclipse documentation

https://help.eclipse.org/2018-09/index.jsp

References

https://yongqiang.blog.csdn.net/
http://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/Eclipse
https://help.eclipse.org/2018-09/index.jsp
http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2016/01/how-to-install-the-latest-eclipse-in-ubuntu-16-04-15-10/

WORDBOOK

Java runtime environment，JRE：Java 运行环境
Eclipse C/C++ Development Tooling，Eclipse CDT