Qt学习踩坑总结1

在命令行里输入

qmake -projectqmake hello.promingw32-make

出现

D:/Software/Qt/Tools/mingw810_64/bin/mingw32-make -f Makefile.Release
mingw32-make[1]: Entering directory 'D:/Software/Qt/qt-book-examples/qt-book/chap01/hello'
Makefile.Release:64: *** missing separator.  Stop.
mingw32-make[1]: Leaving directory 'D:/Software/Qt/qt-book-examples/qt-book/chap01/hello'
mingw32-make: *** [Makefile:37: release] Error 2

而使用qt creator编译运行没有问题,这三行命令是比较权威的书籍提供的,看起来也没有问题,那么究竟是什么问题呢?

我查了查这三行命令是怎么起作用的,发现它们是通过电脑设置的环境变量起作用,然而令我奇怪的是,qmake的地址是D:\Software\Qt\5.15.2\mingw81_64\bin,却没有在环境变量中找到,所以~一定有另一个qmake.exe在捣乱!我在"我的电脑"里查询qmake.exe,发现D:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\Library\bin也有一个qmake.exe,它就在环境变量中!

反正不经常用Anaconda3,我就删了这个环境变量替换成了正确的,果然解决了~然后出现了其他错误! :)

在命令行里输入

qmake -project
qmake hello.pro
mingw32-make

出现

D:/Software/Qt/Tools/mingw810_64/bin/mingw32-make -f Makefile.Release
mingw32-make[1]: Entering directory 'D:/Software/Qt/qt-book-examples/qt-book/chap01/hello'
g++ -c -fno-keep-inline-dllexport -O2 -std=gnu++11 -Wall -Wextra -Wextra -fexceptions -mthreads -DUNICODE -D_UNICODE -DWIN32 -DMINGW_HAS_SECURE_API=1 -DQT_NO_DEBUG -DQT_GUI_LIB -DQT_CORE_LIB -DQT_NEEDS_QMAIN -I. -I. -I..\..\..\..\5.15.2\mingw81_64\include -I..\..\..\..\5.15.2\mingw81_64\include\QtGui -I..\..\..\..\5.15.2\mingw81_64\include\QtANGLE -I..\..\..\..\5.15.2\mingw81_64\include\QtCore -Irelease -I/include -I..\..\..\..\5.15.2\mingw81_64\mkspecs\win32-g++  -o release\hello.o hello.cpp
hello.cpp:1:10: fatal error: QApplication: No such file or directory#include <QApplication>^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
mingw32-make[1]: *** [Makefile.Release:123: release/hello.o] Error 1
mingw32-make[1]: Leaving directory 'D:/Software/Qt/qt-book-examples/qt-book/chap01/hello'
mingw32-make: *** [Makefile:45: release] Error 2

qt creator编译运行没有问题，于是对比命令行和qt creator生成的hello.pro文件，发现qt creator多了一行QT+=widgets，再次编译，输出如下，运行正常，release文件夹里的hello.exe可以运行！！！

D:/Software/Qt/Tools/mingw810_64/bin/mingw32-make -f Makefile.Release
mingw32-make[1]: Entering directory 'D:/Software/Qt/qt-book-examples/qt-book/chap01/hello'
g++ -c -fno-keep-inline-dllexport -O2 -std=gnu++11 -Wall -Wextra -Wextra -fexceptions -mthreads -DUNICODE -D_UNICODE -DWIN32 -DMINGW_HAS_SECURE_API=1 -DQT_DEPRECATED_WARNINGS -DQT_NO_DEBUG -DQT_WIDGETS_LIB -DQT_GUI_LIB -DQT_CORE_LIB -DQT_NEEDS_QMAIN -I. -I. -I..\..\..\..\5.15.2\mingw81_64\include -I..\..\..\..\5.15.2\mingw81_64\include\QtWidgets -I..\..\..\..\5.15.2\mingw81_64\include\QtGui -I..\..\..\..\5.15.2\mingw81_64\include\QtANGLE -I..\..\..\..\5.15.2\mingw81_64\include\QtCore -Irelease -I/include -I..\..\..\..\5.15.2\mingw81_64\mkspecs\win32-g++  -o release\hello.o hello.cpp
g++ -Wl,-s -Wl,-subsystem,windows -mthreads -o release\hello.exe release/hello.o  D:\Software\Qt\5.15.2\mingw81_64\lib\libQt5Widgets.a D:\Software\Qt\5.15.2\mingw81_64\lib\libQt5Gui.a D:\Software\Qt\5.15.2\mingw81_64\lib\libQt5Core.a  -lmingw32 D:\Software\Qt\5.15.2\mingw81_64\lib\libqtmain.a -LC:\openssl\lib -LC:\Utils\my_sql\mysql-5.7.25-winx64\lib -LC:\Utils\postgresql\pgsql\lib -lshell32
mingw32-make[1]: Leaving directory 'D:/Software/Qt/qt-book-examples/qt-book/chap01/hello'

后话：

百度查qmake在windows命令行里的用法，发现只需要在命令行里输入qmake -help就有啦！

Usage: D:\Software\Qt\5.15.2\mingw81_64\bin\qmake.exe [mode] [options] [files]QMake has two modes, one mode for generating project files based on
some heuristics, and the other for generating makefiles. Normally you
shouldn't need to specify a mode, as makefile generation is the default
mode for qmake, but you may use this to test qmake on an existing projectMode:-project       Put qmake into project file generation modeIn this mode qmake interprets [files] as files tobe added to the .pro file. By default, all files withknown source extensions are added.Note: The created .pro file probably willneed to be edited. For example add the QT variable tospecify what modules are required.-makefile      Put qmake into makefile generation mode (default)In this mode qmake interprets files as project files tobe processed, if skipped qmake will try to find a projectfile in your current working directoryWarnings Options:-Wnone         Turn off all warnings; specific ones may be re-enabled bylater -W options-Wall          Turn on all warnings-Wparser       Turn on parser warnings-Wlogic        Turn on logic warnings (on by default)-Wdeprecated   Turn on deprecation warnings (on by default)Options:* You can place any variable assignment in options and it will be ** processed as if it was in [files]. These assignments will be    ** processed before [files] by default.                            *-o file        Write output to file-d             Increase debug level-t templ       Overrides TEMPLATE as templ-tp prefix     Overrides TEMPLATE so that prefix is prefixed into the value-help          This help-v             Version information-early         All subsequent variable assignments will beparsed right before default_pre.prf-before        All subsequent variable assignments will beparsed right before [files] (the default)-after         All subsequent variable assignments will beparsed after [files]-late          All subsequent variable assignments will beparsed right after default_post.prf-norecursive   Don't do a recursive search-recursive     Do a recursive search-set <prop> <value> Set persistent property-unset <prop>  Unset persistent property-query <prop>  Query persistent property. Show all if <prop> is empty.-qtconf file   Use file instead of looking for qt.conf-cache file    Use file as cache           [makefile mode only]-spec spec     Use spec as QMAKESPEC       [makefile mode only]-nocache       Don't use a cache file      [makefile mode only]-nodepend      Don't generate dependencies [makefile mode only]-nomoc         Don't generate moc targets  [makefile mode only]-nopwd         Don't look for files in pwd [project mode only]

qmake有两种模式，一个是产生基于一些启发式的工程文件，另一个是产生makefiles。一般来说，你不需要特定设置一个模式，因为makefile的产生是qmake的默认模式，但是你也许可以通过特定设置模式在一个已经存在的工程中测试qmake。

模式：

-project 将源文件加入.pro文件中。默认地，所有具有已知地址的源文件会被加入。

Note: 创建的.pro文件很可能需要编辑，比如增加QT变量以设置所需要的模块。

参考链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/zhangleibo/p/5967560.html

https://blog.csdn.net/mybelief321/article/details/9208775

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