操作excel表格用公式来处理数据时，可通过创建公式来运算数据，或通过读取公式来获取数据信息来源。这里使用了java类库(Free Spire.XLS for Java 免费版)获取文件包后，解压，将lib文件夹下的jar文件导入Java程序。

如图：

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1、创建公式import com.spire.xls.*;

public class AddFormula {

public static void main(String[] args) {

//创建Workbook对象

Workbook wb = new Workbook();

//获取第一个工作表

Worksheet sheet = wb.getWorksheets().get(0);

//声明两个变量

int currentRow = 1;

String currentFormula = null;

//设置列宽

sheet.setColumnWidth(1, 32);

sheet.setColumnWidth(2, 16);

//写入用于测试的数据到单元格

sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,1).setValue("测试数据：");

sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).setNumberValue(1);

sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,3).setNumberValue(2);

sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,4).setNumberValue(3);

sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,5).setNumberValue(4);

sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,6).setNumberValue(5);

//写入文本

currentRow += 2;

sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,1).setValue("公式：") ; ;

sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).setValue("结果：");

//设置单元格格式

CellRange range = sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,1,currentRow,2);

range.getStyle().getFont().isBold(true);

range.getStyle().setKnownColor(ExcelColors.LightGreen1);

range.getStyle().setFillPattern(ExcelPatternType.Solid);

range.getStyle().getBorders().getByBordersLineType(BordersLineType.EdgeBottom).setLineStyle(LineStyleType.Medium);

//算数运算

currentFormula = "=1/2+3*4";

sheet.getCellRange(++currentRow,1).setText(currentFormula);

sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).setFormula(currentFormula);

//日期函数

currentFormula = "=TODAY()";

sheet.getCellRange(++currentRow,1).setText(currentFormula);

sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).setFormula(currentFormula);

sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).getStyle().setNumberFormat("YYYY/MM/DD");

//时间函数

currentFormula = "=NOW()";

sheet.getCellRange(++currentRow,1).setText(currentFormula);

sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).setFormula(currentFormula);

sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).getStyle().setNumberFormat("H:MM AM/PM");

//IF函数

currentFormula = "=IF(B1=5,\"Yes\",\"No\")";

sheet.getCellRange(++currentRow,1).setText(currentFormula);

sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).setFormula(currentFormula);

//PI函数

currentFormula = "=PI()";

sheet.getCellRange(++currentRow,1).setText(currentFormula);

sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).setFormula(currentFormula);

//三角函数

currentFormula = "=SIN(PI()/6)";

sheet.getCellRange(++currentRow,1).setText(currentFormula);

sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).setFormula(currentFormula);

//计数函数

currentFormula = "=Count(B1:F1)";

sheet.getCellRange(++currentRow,1).setText(currentFormula);

sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).setFormula(currentFormula);

//最大值函数

currentFormula = "=MAX(B1:F1)";

sheet.getCellRange(++currentRow,1).setText(currentFormula);

sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).setFormula(currentFormula);

//平均值函数

currentFormula = "=AVERAGE(B1:F1)";

sheet.getCellRange(++currentRow,1).setText(currentFormula);

sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).setFormula(currentFormula);

//求和函数

currentFormula = "=SUM(B1:F1)";

sheet.getCellRange(++currentRow,1).setText(currentFormula);

sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).setFormula(currentFormula);

//保存文档

wb.saveToFile("AddFormulas.xlsx",FileFormat.Version2013);

wb.dispose();

}

}

公式创建结果：

2、读取公式import com.spire.xls.*;

public class ReadFormula {

public static void main(String[] args) {

//加载Excel文档

Workbook wb = new Workbook();

wb.loadFromFile("AddFormulas.xlsx");

//获取第一个工作表

Worksheet sheet = wb.getWorksheets().get(0);

//遍历B1到B13的单元格

for (Object cell: sheet.getCellRange("B1:B13"))

{

CellRange cellRange = (CellRange)cell;

//判断单元格是否含有公式

if (cellRange.hasFormula())

{

//打印单元格及公式

String certainCell = String.format("单元格[%d, %d]含有公式：", cellRange.getRow(), cellRange.getColumn());

System.out.println(certainCell + cellRange.getFormula());

}

}

}

}

公式读取结果：

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