摘要

离心泵特性曲线的测定是化工原理的重要内容,涉及到伯努利方程和连续性方程在流体流动中的实际应用,公式复杂,计算量大。本文利用C语言的强大结构化编程和计算功能,处理了＂离心泵特性曲线的测定＂实验数据,给出了程序设计的思路和方法,得到了离心泵的特性曲线。从曲线可以看出,随着流量的增大,离心泵的压头减少,轴功率升高,和教材完全一致。而离心泵的效率随流量增大而增大,并未出现先增大后减小的情况,可能是由于流量较小所导致。通过分析曲线可以得到离心泵操作相关的知识,离心泵必须在流量较小的区域工作才能获得较大的压头,大流量的离心泵需要配置大功率的电机,离心泵启动之前应关闭出口阀等。此外还发现压力表和真空表的读数随流量的增大而变小,解释了此现象。该程序结构简单,维护方便,通过简单修改可用于处理其它化工原理实验的数据,充分发挥了C语言的特长来解决化工原理计算复杂的特点。

The characteristic curve measurement of centrifugal pump is a very important content in chemical engineering principle,which involves the practical application of the Bernoulli＇s equation and the continuity equation in fluid flow.These formulas are very complex with a large amount of calculation.In this paper,C language is used to process the experiment data of this experiment by virtue of its powerful structured programming and computing function.The detailed idea and method for programming are given and the typical characteristic curves for centrifugal pump are obtained. A analyzing of these curves indicates that as the increasing of the flow rate,the press head decreases while the shaft power increases,which is in agreement with those described in the teaching material.On the other hand,the phenomenon that the operational efficiency increases initially and decreases afterwards as the flow rate increases has not been observed.Instead,the operational efficiency increases with the increasing flow rate.It, maybe resulted from that this determination is performed just at the low flow rate range.Some information concerning the operations of centrifugal pump is obtained：To get a large press head,pump should be working at a small flow rate.Centrifugal pump with large flow rate should be equipped with high power motor.Outlet valve should be shutoff before the starting of the pump,etc.Additionally it is found that the pressure meter and vacuum meter＇s readings are decreasing with the increasing of the flow rate.The source code of the program has the advantages of clear structure, easy maintenance.Through simple modification,it can be applied for any experimental data processing in chemical engineering principle and other subjects,which gives full play to the performance specialty of C language in solving the problem of calculation complexity in chemical engineering principle.