nandflash驱动
2024-05-10 22:49:16
备注：K9F2G08U0A.pdf
如何计算出我们要传入的行地址和列地址
以K9K8G08U0A为例，此Nand Flash，一共有8192个块，每个块内有64页，每个页是2K+64 Bytes
假设，我们要访问其中的第7000个块中的第25页中的1208字节处的地址，此时，我们就要先把具体的地址算出来
0x36B204B8 = 11 0110 1011 0010 00000100 1011 1000
1st周期，A7～A0 ：1011 1000 = 0x B8
2nd周期，A10～A8 ：100 = 0x04
3rd周期，A19～A12 ：010 0000 0 = 0x40
4th周期，A27～A20 ：110 1011 0 = 0xD6
5th周期，A30～A28 ：11 0 = 0x06
要访问第7000个块中的第25页中的1208字节处，对应着：
页内地址 = 1208 = 0x4B8
页号 = 块数 × 页数/块 + 块内的页号 = 7000×（128K/2K）+ 25 = 7000×64 + 25 = 448025 = 0x6D619
0x6D619页内的0x4B8地址
对应的：
页内地址=0x4B8，分成两个对应的列地址，就变成：
0x4B8 ：列地址1=0xB8，列地址2=0x04
页号=0x6D619，分成三个行号就是：
0x6D619：行号1=0x19，行号2=0xD6，行号3=0x06
#define NFCONF ( *((volatile unsigned long *)0xB0E00000) )
#define NFCONT ( *((volatile unsigned long *)0xB0E00004) )
#define NFCMMD ( *((volatile unsigned long *)0xB0E00008) )
#define NFADDR ( *((volatile unsigned long *)0xB0E0000C) )
#define NFDATA ( *((volatile unsigned long *)0xB0E00010) )
#define NFSTAT ( *((volatile unsigned long *)0xB0E00028) )
#define MP0_1CON ( *((volatile unsigned long *)0xE02002E0) )
#define MP0_2CON ( *((volatile unsigned long *)0xE0200300) )
#define MP0_3CON ( *((volatile unsigned long *)0xE0200320) )
#define MAX_NAND_BLOCK 8192 /*定义nand最大块数：8192块 */
#define NAND_PAGE_SIZE 2048 /*定义一页的容量:2048 byte */
#define NAND_BLOCK_SIZE 64 /*定义block大小：64页 */
#define TACLS 1 /* 时序相关的设置 */
#define TWRPH0 4
#define TWRPH1 1
#define NAND_CMD_READ_1st 0x00 /* 命令 */
#define NAND_CMD_READ_2st 0x30
#define NAND_CMD_RANDOM_WRITE 0x85
#define NAND_CMD_RANDOM_READ_1st 0x05
#define NAND_CMD_RANDOM_READ_2st 0xe0
#define NAND_CMD_READ_CB_1st 0x00
#define NAND_CMD_READ_CB_2st 0x35
#define NAND_CMD_READ_ID 0x90
#define NAND_CMD_RES 0xff
#define NAND_CMD_WRITE_PAGE_1st 0x80
#define NAND_CMD_WRITE_PAGE_2st 0x10
#define NAND_CMD_BLOCK_ERASE_1st 0x60
#define NAND_CMD_BLOCK_ERASE_2st 0xd0
#define NAND_CMD_READ_STATUS 0x70
#define BUSY 1
#define ECC_EN (1<<4)
#define CHIP_SELECTED (~(1<<1))
#define CHIP_DESELECTED (1<<1)
#define CONTROL_EN (1<<0)static void nand_reset(void);
static void nand_wait_idle(void);
static void nand_select_chip(void);
static void nand_deselect_chip(void);
static void nand_send_cmd(unsigned long cmd);
static void nand_send_addr(unsigned long addr);
static unsigned char nand_read(void);
static void nand_write(unsigned char data);typedef struct nand_id_info {//marker codeunsigned char IDm; //device codeunsigned char IDd; unsigned char ID3rd;unsigned char ID4th;unsigned char ID5th;
}nand_id_info;// 复位
static void nand_reset(void) {nand_select_chip();nand_send_cmd(NAND_CMD_RES);nand_wait_idle();nand_deselect_chip();
}// 等待就绪
static void nand_wait_idle(void) {unsigned long i;while( !(NFSTAT & (BUSY<<4)) )for(i=0; i<10; i++);
}// 发片选
static void nand_select_chip(void) {unsigned long i;NFCONT &= ~(1<<1);for(i=0; i<10; i++);
}// 取消片选
static void nand_deselect_chip(void) {NFCONT |= (1<<1);
}// 发命令
static void nand_send_cmd(unsigned long cmd)
{NFCMMD = cmd;
}// 发地址
static void nand_send_addr(unsigned long addr) {unsigned long i;unsigned long col, row;// 列地址，即页内地址 col = addr % NAND_PAGE_SIZE; // 行地址，即页地址 row = addr / NAND_PAGE_SIZE;// Column Address A0~A7 NFADDR = col & 0xff; for(i=0; i<10; i++); // Column Address A8~A11 NFADDR = (col >> 8) & 0x0f; for(i=0; i<10; i++);// Row Address A12~A19 NFADDR = row & 0xff; for(i=0; i<10; i++);// Row Address A20~A27 NFADDR = (row >> 8) & 0xff;for(i=0; i<10; i++);// Row Address A28~A30 NFADDR = (row >> 16) & 0xff;for(i=0; i<10; i++);
}// 读一个字节的数据
static unsigned char nand_read(void) {return NFDATA;
}// 写一个字节的数据
static void nand_write(unsigned char data) {NFDATA = data;
}// nandflash 初始化
void nand_init(void)
{// 1. 配置nandflash NFCONF = (TACLS<<12)|(TWRPH0<<8)|(TWRPH1<<4)|(0<<3)|(0<<2)|(1<<1)|(0<<0);NFCONT = (0<<18)|(0<<17)|(0<<16)|(0<<10)|(0<<9)|(0<<8)|(0<<7)|(0<<6)|(0x3<<1)|(1<<0);// 2. 配置引脚 MP0_1CON = 0x22333322;MP0_2CON = 0x00002222;MP0_3CON = 0x22222222;// 3. 复位 nand_reset();
}// 读芯片ID
void nand_read_id(void)
{nand_id_info nand_id;// 1. 发片选 nand_select_chip();// 2. 读ID nand_send_cmd(NAND_CMD_READ_ID);nand_send_addr(0x00);nand_wait_idle();nand_id.IDm = nand_read();nand_id.IDd = nand_read();nand_id.ID3rd = nand_read();nand_id.ID4th = nand_read();nand_id.ID5th = nand_read();nand_deselect_chip();
}// 擦除块
unsigned char nand_erase(unsigned long block_num)
{unsigned long i = 0;// 获得row地址，即页地址 unsigned long row = block_num * NAND_BLOCK_SIZE;// 1. 发出片选信号 nand_select_chip();// 2. 擦除：第一个周期发命令0x60，第二个周期发块地址，第三个周期发命令0xd0 nand_send_cmd(NAND_CMD_BLOCK_ERASE_1st);for(i=0; i<10; i++);// Row Address A12~A19 NFADDR = row & 0xff; for(i=0; i<10; i++);// Row Address A20~A27 NFADDR = (row >> 8) & 0xff;for(i=0; i<10; i++);// Row Address A28~A30 NFADDR = (row >> 16) & 0xff; NFSTAT = (NFSTAT)|(1<<4);nand_send_cmd(NAND_CMD_BLOCK_ERASE_2st);for(i=0; i<10; i++);// 3. 等待就绪 nand_wait_idle();// 4. 读状态 unsigned char status = read_nand_status();if (status & 1 ) {// 取消片选信号 nand_deselect_chip(); printf("masking bad block %d\r\n", block_num);return -1;} else {nand_deselect_chip();return 0;}
}// 从nand中读数据到sdram
int copy_nand_to_sdram(unsigned char *sdram_addr, unsigned long nand_addr, unsigned long length)
{unsigned long i = 0;// 1. 发出片选信号 nand_select_chip();// 2. 从nand读数据到sdram，第一周期发命令0x00，第二周期发地址nand_addr,第三个周期发命令0x30，可读一页(2k)的数据 while(length) {nand_send_cmd(NAND_CMD_READ_1st);nand_send_addr(nand_addr);NFSTAT = (NFSTAT)|(1<<4);nand_send_cmd(NAND_CMD_READ_2st);nand_wait_idle();// 列地址，即页内地址 unsigned long col = nand_addr % NAND_PAGE_SIZE;i = col;// 读一页数据，每次拷1byte，共拷2048次(2k)，直到长度为length的数据拷贝完毕 for(; i<NAND_PAGE_SIZE && length!=0; i++,length--) {*sdram_addr = nand_read();sdram_addr++;nand_addr++;}}// 3. 读状态 unsigned char status = read_nand_status();if (status & 1 ) {// 取消片选信号 nand_deselect_chip();printf("copy nand to sdram fail\r\n");return -1;} else {nand_deselect_chip();return 0;}
}// 从sdram中写数据到nand
int copy_sdram_to_nand(unsigned char *sdram_addr, unsigned long nand_addr, unsigned long length)
{unsigned long i = 0;// 1. 发出片选信号 nand_select_chip();// 2. 从sdram读数据到nand，第一周期发命令0x80，第二周期发地址nand_addr,第三个周期写一页(2k)数据，第四周期发0x10 while(length) {nand_send_cmd(NAND_CMD_WRITE_PAGE_1st);nand_send_addr(nand_addr);// 列地址，即页内地址 unsigned long col = nand_addr % NAND_PAGE_SIZE;i = col;// 写一页数据，每次拷1byte，共拷2048次(2k)，直到长度为length的数据拷贝完毕 for(; i<NAND_PAGE_SIZE && length!=0; i++,length--) {nand_write(*sdram_addr);sdram_addr++;nand_addr++;}NFSTAT = (NFSTAT)|(1<<4);nand_send_cmd(NAND_CMD_WRITE_PAGE_2st);nand_wait_idle();}// 3. 读状态 unsigned char status = read_nand_status();if (status & 1) {// 取消片选信号 nand_deselect_chip();printf("copy sdram to nand fail\r\n");return -1;} else {nand_deselect_chip();return 0;}
}// 随机读数据 paddr页地址,offset页内偏移地址
unsigned char nand_random_read(unsigned long paddr,unsigned short offset)
{unsigned char readdata;// 1. 发出片选信号 nand_select_chip();// 2. 随机读页内某个地址的值 nand_send_cmd(NAND_CMD_READ_1st);//写入页地址NFADDR = 0; NFADDR = 0;NFADDR = paddr&0xff;NFADDR = (paddr>>8)&0xff;NFADDR = (paddr>>16)&0xff;NFSTAT = (NFSTAT)|(1<<4);nand_send_cmd(NAND_CMD_READ_2st);nand_wait_idle();nand_send_cmd(NAND_CMD_RANDOM_READ_1st);//写入页内偏移地址NFADDR = offset&0xff; NFADDR = (offset>>8)&0xff;NFSTAT = (NFSTAT)|(1<<4);nand_send_cmd(NAND_CMD_RANDOM_READ_2st);readdata = nand_read();// 3. 读状态 unsigned char status = read_nand_status();if (status & 1 ) {// 取消片选信号 nand_deselect_chip();printf("nand random read fail\r\n");return -1;} else {nand_deselect_chip();return readdata;}
}// 随机写数据 paddr页地址,offset页内偏移地址
unsigned char nand_random_write(unsigned long paddr,unsigned short offset,unsigned char wrdata)
{// 1. 发出片选信号 nand_select_chip();// 2. 随机写页内某个地址的值 nand_send_cmd(NAND_CMD_WRITE_PAGE_1st);NFADDR = 0;NFADDR = 0;NFADDR = paddr&0xff;NFADDR = (paddr>>8)&0xff;//NFADDR = (paddr>>16)&0xff;nand_send_cmd(NAND_CMD_RANDOM_WRITE);//写入页内偏移地址NFADDR = offset&0xff; NFADDR = (offset>>8)&0xff;nand_write(wrdata);NFSTAT = (NFSTAT)|(1<<4);nand_send_cmd(NAND_CMD_WRITE_PAGE_2st);nand_wait_idle();// 3. 读状态 unsigned char status = read_nand_status();if (status & 1 ) {// 取消片选信号 nand_deselect_chip();printf("nand random write fail\r\n");return -1;} else {nand_deselect_chip();return 0;}
}unsigned char read_nand_status(void)
{unsigned char ch;int i;// 1. 发出片选信号 nand_select_chip();// 2. 读状态 nand_send_cmd(NAND_CMD_READ_STATUS);for(i=0; i<10; i++);ch = nand_read();// 3. 取消片选 nand_deselect_chip();return ch;
}
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