20201125英语单词学习（仅供自己记录）
2024-07-03 00:41:36
Vocabulary List：
- portrait
- likelihood
- qualm
- absence
- scary
- wreak
- proactive
- pinch
- mindset
- nurture
- pay off
- benchmark
- narrative
- hygiene
- disparity
- subtle
| portrait |
a painting, drawing or photograph of a person, especially of the head and shoulders 肖像；半身画像；半身照 a detailed description of sb/sth 详细的描述；描绘 |
Self Portrait 私相簿白石草衣图 |
We hung her portrait above the fireplace. 我们把她的画像挂在壁炉上方。 |
| likelihood | [ Using. ] the chance of sth happening; how likely sth is to happen 可能；可能性 |
The likelihood of infection is minimal. 传染的可能性微乎其微。 |
|
| qualm | ~ (about sth) a feeling of doubt or worry about whether what you are doing is right （对自己行为的）顾虑，不安 | He had been working very hard so he had no qualms about taking a few days off. 他一直辛勤工作，所以休息几天他觉得心安理得。 | |
| absence |
[ UC ] ~ (from...) the fact of sb being away from a place where they are usually expected to be; the occasion or period of time when sb is away 缺席；不在 [ U ] the fact of sb/sth not existing or not being available; a lack of sth 不存在；缺乏 |
absence from 缺席缺乏 |
I can't think of any possible explanation for his absence. 我想不出他缺席的任何理由。 |
| scary | ( informal ) frightening 恐怖的；吓人的 |
It was a really scary moment. 那一刻真是吓人。 |
|
| wreak | [ VN ] ~ sth (on sb) ( formal ) to do great damage or harm to sb/sth 造成（巨大的破坏或伤害） |
wreak havoc 肆虐 Wreak damage 造成伤害 |
These insects can wreak havoc on crops. 这些昆虫可严重危害农作物。 |
| proactive | ( of a person or policy 人或政策 ) controlling a situation by making things happen rather than waiting for things to happen and then reacting to them 积极主动的；主动出击的；先发制人的 | Be Proactive 主动积极主动主动积极第一个 |
In order to survive the competition a company should be proactive not reactive. 为了能在竞争中立于不败之地，一个公司应积极行动而非被动应变。 |
| pinch |
[ VN ] to take a piece of sb's skin between your thumb and first finger and squeeze hard, especially to hurt the person 拧；捏；掐 [ VN ] to hold sth tightly between the thumb and finger or between two things that are pressed together 捏住；夹紧 if sth such as a shoe pinches part of your body, it hurts you because it is too tight 夹（脚）；夹痛 [ VN ] ~ sth (from sb/sth) ( BrE informal ) to steal sth, especially sth small and not very valuable 偷摸；行窃 [ VN ] to cost a person or an organization a lot of money or more than they can spend 使花费过多；使入不敷出 [ VN ] ( old-fashioned ) ( BrE informal ) to arrest sb 逮捕 |
pinch ˈpennies ( informal ) to try to spend as little money as possible 一毛不拔；吝啬 pinch sth←→ˈoff/ˈout to remove sth by pressing your fingers together and pulling 掐掉；摘掉 |
I'd pinch his buns and kiss his neck. 我要拧他的屁股，亲他的脖子。 These new shoes pinch. 这双新鞋夹脚。 Do you remember when I pinched your glasses? 你还记得我偷拿过你的眼镜吗？ Consumers are spending less and merchants are feeling the pinch. 消费者花钱少了，商家感到手头拮据。 I was pinched for dangerous driving. 我因危险驾驶而被抓住。 |
| mindset | a set of attitudes or fixed ideas that sb has and that are often difficult to change 观念模式；思维倾向 | Growth Mindset 成长心态成长型思维模式成长型思维成长型心智 |
The greatest challenge for the Americans is understanding the mindset of Eastern Europeans. 对美国人来说，最大的挑战在于理解东欧人的思维方式。 |
| nurture |
to care for and protect sb/sth while they are growing and developing 养育；养护；培养 to help sb/sth to develop and be successful 扶持；帮助；支持 to have a feeling, an idea, a plan, etc. for a long time and encourage it to develop 滋长；助长 |
It's important to nurture a good working relationship. 维持良好的工作关系非常重要。 The human organism learns partly by nature, partly by nurture. 人的学习能力部分是先天的，部分是后天培育的。 Nurture your gifts and talents. 培养你的天赋和才能。 |
|
| pay off |
PHRASAL VERB If you pay off a debt, you give someone all the money that you owe them. 还清 PHRASAL VERB If an action pays off, it is successful or profitable after a period of time. (某行动) 取得成功; 带来好结果 |
It would take him the rest of his life to pay off that loan. 还清那笔贷款将花费他的余生。 Will the investment of time and effort pay off? 时间和精力方面的投入能否得到回报？ |
|
| benchmark | something which can be measured and used as a standard that other things can be compared with 基准 | benchmark test 基准测试基准程序测试评效测试性能评价试验 |
The truck industry is a benchmark for the economy. 卡车产业是衡量经济发展的基准。 |
| narrative |
[ C ] a description of events, especially in a novel SYN story （尤指小说中的）描述，叙述 [ U ] the act, process or skill of telling a story 讲故事；叙述；叙事技巧 |
The novel fails to achieve narrative continuity. 这部小说叙述不连贯。 The novel contains too much dialogue and not enough narrative. 这部小说对话过多，而叙述不足。 |
|
| hygiene | [ U ] the practice of keeping yourself and your living and working areas clean in order to prevent illness and disease 卫生 | oral hygiene 口腔卫生口腔卫生用品口腔清洁口腔卫生情况 |
She wasn't very fastidious about personal hygiene. 她不过分讲究个人卫生。 |
| disparity | ( formal ) a difference, especially one connected with unfair treatment （尤指因不公正对待引起的）不同，不等，差异，悬殊 |
There's also huge disparity. 其中也有巨大的差距。 A key reason for the disparity is that incomes among black men have declined when adjusted for inflation. 造成这一悬殊差距的重要原因是，考虑到通货膨胀因素，黑人男性的收入不升反降。 |
|
| subtle |
( often approving ) not very noticeable or obvious 不易察觉的；不明显的；微妙的 ( of a person or their behaviour 人或其行为 ) behaving in a clever way, and using indirect methods, in order to achieve sth 机智的；机巧的；狡猾的 organized in a clever way 巧妙的 good at noticing and understanding things 敏锐的；头脑灵活的 |
subtle humor 巧妙的幽默微妙的 |
But TV images require subtle gradations of light and shade. 但是电视影像需要有细微的光影变化。 She was praised for her ability to convey subtle adjustment of emotion. 她受到了表扬，因为她能传达出感情的微妙变化。 The job required a subtle mind. 那项工作需要一个头脑敏锐的人去做。 |
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