Android经典蓝牙

最近一直在做手机硬件相关的东西的，接触到了手机蓝牙，这篇文章主要介绍经典蓝牙相关的东西，下篇文章将介绍低功耗蓝牙BLE相关的东西，由于时间的关系，只是一个大概的总结和记录，相关要点在注释里面。

一、常用的蓝牙操作

1、打开蓝牙

public static void openBluetooth() {BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();if (!bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {bluetoothAdapter.enable();}
}public static void openBluetooth(Activity a) {final BluetoothManager bluetoothManager =(BluetoothManager) a.getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter = bluetoothManager.getAdapter();if (bluetoothAdapter != null || !bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {Intent enableBtIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);a.startActivityForResult(enableBtIntent, BLUETOOTH_CODE);}
}

2、关闭蓝牙

public static void closeBluetooth() {BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();if (bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {bluetoothAdapter.disable();}
}

3、判断蓝牙是否打开

public static void openBluetooth() {BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();if (!bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {bluetoothAdapter.enable();
}

4、获取已经配对的蓝牙信息

public void getConnectedBluetoothDevices(JsGetConnectedBluetoothBean bean) {BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();JsCreateDevicesBean jsCreateDevicesBean = new JsCreateDevicesBean();if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) {for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) {LogUtils.d("BlueTooth已配对的设备:" + device.getAddress() + "----" + device.getName());}}
}

二、蓝牙权限

1、申请权限

静态注册：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" /><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />

动态申请定位权限：

String[] p = new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION};
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(activity,p,1000);

如果您的目标是 Android 10，那么您需要 ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION 来扫描。ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION 在 Android 10 中不再起作用。

2、打开手机定位

Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_LOCATION_SOURCE_SETTINGS);
MainActivity a = (MainActivity) activity;
a.startActivityForResult(intent, OPEN_GPS_CODE)

注意：蓝牙的搜索、配对等等需要开启权限，否则啥也获取不到。

三、蓝牙搜索、获取蓝牙地址、信号强度、UUID等

1、注册蓝牙广播

IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
filter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
filter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_UUID);
filter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);
filter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_STARTED);
activity.registerReceiver(bluetoothReceiver, filter);

2、开始搜索

if (bluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {//搜索蓝牙设备bluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
}
bluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();

这一步非常耗性能和时间，需要在子线程进行。

3、监听广播

    private List<BluetoothDevice> deviceList = new ArrayList<>();public BroadcastReceiver bluetoothReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {String action = intent.getAction();switch (action) {case BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_STARTED:LogUtils.d("开始搜索");break;case BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND:LogUtils.d("搜索中……");BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);short rssi = intent.getShortExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_RSSI, (short) 0);if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(device.getName())) {String str = device.getName() + "|" + device.getAddress() + "|" + rssi;LogUtils.d("搜索到的蓝牙信息名称、地址、信号强度：" + str);if (!deviceList.contains(device)) {//过滤掉没有名称的重复的内容deviceList.add(device);}}break;case BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED:LogUtils.d("搜索结束");for (int i = 0; i < deviceList.size(); i++) {BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice = deviceList.get(i);//这块触发了BluetoothDevice.ACTION_UUID，以便于获取到UUIDbluetoothDevice.fetchUuidsWithSdp();LogUtils.d(bluetoothDevice.getName() + " | " + bluetoothDevice.getAddress());}break;case BluetoothDevice.ACTION_UUID:LogUtils.d("触发UUID");BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);Parcelable[] uuid = intent.getParcelableArrayExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_UUID);try {//反射获取本地名称Method method = bluetoothDevice.getClass().getMethod("getAlias");if (method != null) {String localName = (String) method.invoke(bluetoothDevice);}} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {e.printStackTrace();}if (uuid != null) {for (Parcelable ep : uuid) {LogUtils.d("UUID :" + ep.toString());}} else {LogUtils.d("UUID : null");}break;}}};

4、停止搜索

if (bluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {bluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
}
activity.unregisterReceiver(bluetoothReceiver);

注意：搜索结束之后需要停止搜索，否则非常耗电，还浪费性能。

三、蓝牙自动配对

1、获取需要配对的蓝牙设备和pin码

String deviceId = data.deviceId;
String pin = data.pin;

deviceId：需要配对的设备。

pin：设置的配对码。

2、开始配对

BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter = bluetoothManager.getAdapter();
BluetoothDevice remoteDevice = bluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(deviceId);
if (remoteDevice.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {//已经配对了LogUtils.d("已经配对了");
} else {//没有配对//监听配对状态IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED); //配对状态监听intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST);  //配对请求makeBluetoothPairReceiver = new MakeBluetoothPairReceiver();activity.registerReceiver(makeBluetoothPairReceiver, intentFilter);//开始配对remoteDevice.setPin(pinByte);remoteDevice.createBond();
}public class MakeBluetoothPairReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {String action = intent.getAction();if (TextUtils.equals(action, BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED)) {BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);int bondSate = bluetoothDevice.getBondState();switch (bondSate) {case BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE:LogUtils.d("已解除配对");unMakeBluetoothPairReceiver();break;case BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDING:LogUtils.d("正在配对...");break;case BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED:LogUtils.d("配对成功");unMakeBluetoothPairReceiver();break;}} else if (TextUtils.equals(action, BluetoothDevice.ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST)) {int type = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_PAIRING_VARIANT, BluetoothDevice.ERROR);LogUtils.d("ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST：" + type);//  abortBroadcast();该方法使配对失败，先不用了}}
}public void unMakeBluetoothPairReceiver() {if (makeBluetoothPairReceiver != null) {activity.unregisterReceiver(makeBluetoothPairReceiver);}
}

四、获取已经连接的蓝牙信息

BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();
JsCreateDevicesBean jsCreateDevicesBean = new JsCreateDevicesBean();
if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) {List<JsCreateDevicesBean.DeviceData> list = jsCreateDevicesBean.devices;for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) {JsCreateDevicesBean.DeviceData deviceData = new JsCreateDevicesBean.DeviceData();deviceData.deviceId = device.getAddress();deviceData.name = device.getName();LogUtils.d("BlueTooth已配对的设备:" + device.getAddress() + "----" + device.getName() + "----" + device.getUuids().toString());}
}

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