SSM框架项目各文件内容及项目实践

本文发表于2016年6月，写于作者学生时期。文中使用到的技术和框架可能不是当下最佳实践，甚至很不“优雅”。但对于刚接触JavaEE和Spring的同学来说，还是能有很多收获的，大牛轻拍= =

我们看招聘信息的时候，经常会看到这一点，需要具备SSH框架的技能；而且在大部分教学课堂中，也会把SSH作为最核心的教学内容。
但是，我们在实际应用中发现，SpringMVC可以完全替代Struts，配合注解的方式，编程非常快捷，而且通过restful风格定义url，让地址看起来非常优雅。
另外，MyBatis也可以替换Hibernate，正因为MyBatis的半自动特点，我们程序猿可以完全掌控SQL，这会让有数据库经验的程序猿能开发出高效率的SQL语句，而且XML配置管理起来也非常方便。
好了，如果你也认同我的看法，那么下面我们一起来做整合吧！

在写代码之前我们先了解一下这三个框架分别是干什么的？
相信大以前也看过不少这些概念，我这就用大白话来讲，如果之前有了解过可以跳过这一大段，直接看代码！

SpringMVC：它用于web层，相当于controller（等价于传统的servlet和struts的action），用来处理用户请求。举个例子，用户在地址栏输入http://网站域名/login，那么springmvc就会拦截到这个请求，并且调用controller层中相应的方法，（中间可能包含验证用户名和密码的业务逻辑，以及查询数据库操作，但这些都不是springmvc的职责），最终把结果返回给用户，并且返回相应的页面（当然也可以只返回json/xml等格式数据）。springmvc就是做前面和后面过程的活，与用户打交道！！
Spring：太强大了，以至于我无法用一个词或一句话来概括它。但与我们平时开发接触最多的估计就是IOC容器，它可以装载bean（也就是我们java中的类，当然也包括service dao里面的），有了这个机制，我们就不用在每次使用这个类的时候为它初始化，很少看到关键字new。另外spring的aop，事务管理等等都是我们经常用到的。
MyBatis：如果你问我它跟鼎鼎大名的Hibernate有什么区别？我只想说，他更符合我的需求。第一，它能自由控制sql，这会让有数据库经验的人（当然不是说我啦_捂脸）编写的代码能搞提升数据库访问的效率。第二，它可以使用xml的方式来组织管理我们的sql，因为一般程序出错很多情况下是sql出错，别人接手代码后能快速找到出错地方，甚至可以优化原来写的sql。

SSM框架整合配置

好了，前面bb那么多，下面我们真正开始敲代码了~

首先我们打开IED，我这里用的是eclipse（你们应该也是用的这个，对吗？），创建一个动态web项目，建立好相应的目录结构（重点！）

（打了马赛克是因为这里还用不到，你们不要那么污好不好？）

我说一下每个目录都有什么用吧（第一次画表格，我发现markdown的表格语法很不友好呀~）
这个目录结构同时也遵循maven的目录规范~

文件名	作用
src	根目录，没什么好说的，下面有main和test。
- main	主要目录，可以放java代码和一些资源文件。
- - java	存放我们的java代码，这个文件夹要使用Build Path -> Use as Source Folder，这样看包结构会方便很多，新建的包就相当于在这里新建文件夹咯。
- - resources	存放资源文件，譬如各种的spring，mybatis，log配置文件。
- - - mapper	存放dao中每个方法对应的sql，在这里配置，无需写daoImpl。
- - - spring	这里当然是存放spring相关的配置文件，有dao service web三层。
- - - sql	其实这个可以没有，但是为了项目完整性还是加上吧。
- - - webapp	这个貌似是最熟悉的目录了，用来存放我们前端的静态资源，如jsp js css。
- - - - resources	这里的资源是指项目的静态资源，如js css images等。
- - - - WEB-INF	很重要的一个目录，外部浏览器无法访问，只有羡慕内部才能访问，可以把jsp放在这里，另外就是web.xml了。你可能有疑问了，为什么上面java中的resources里面的配置文件不妨在这里，那么是不是会被外部窃取到？你想太多了，部署时候基本上只有webapp里的会直接输出到根目录，其他都会放入WEB-INF里面，项目内部依然可以使用classpath:XXX来访问，好像IDE里可以设置部署输出目录，这里扯远了~
- test	这里是测试分支。
- - java	测试java代码，应遵循包名相同的原则，这个文件夹同样要使用Build Path -> Use as Source Folder，这样看包结构会方便很多。
- - resources	没什么好说的，好像也很少用到，但这个是maven的规范。

我先新建好几个必要的包，并为大家讲解一下每个包的作用，顺便理清一下后台的思路~

包名	名称	作用
dao	数据访问层（接口）	与数据打交道，可以是数据库操作，也可以是文件读写操作，甚至是redis缓存操作，总之与数据操作有关的都放在这里，也有人叫做dal或者数据持久层都差不多意思。为什么没有daoImpl，因为我们用的是mybatis，所以可以直接在配置文件中实现接口的每个方法。
entity	实体类	一般与数据库的表相对应，封装dao层取出来的数据为一个对象，也就是我们常说的pojo，一般只在dao层与service层之间传输。
dto	数据传输层	刚学框架的人可能不明白这个有什么用，其实就是用于service层与web层之间传输，为什么不直接用entity（pojo）？其实在实际开发中发现，很多时间一个entity并不能满足我们的业务需求，可能呈现给用户的信息十分之多，这时候就有了dto，也相当于vo，记住一定不要把这个混杂在entity里面，答应我好吗？
service	业务逻辑（接口）	写我们的业务逻辑，也有人叫bll，在设计业务接口时候应该站在“使用者”的角度。额，不要问我为什么这里没显示！IDE调皮我也拿它没办法~
serviceImpl	业务逻辑（实现）	实现我们业务接口，一般事务控制是写在这里，没什么好说的。
web	控制器	springmvc就是在这里发挥作用的，一般人叫做controller控制器，相当于struts中的action。

还有最后一步基础工作，导入我们相应的jar包，我使用的是maven来管理我们的jar，所以只需要在pom.xml中加入相应的依赖就好了，如果不使用maven的可以自己去官网下载相应的jar，放到项目WEB-INF/lib目录下。关于maven的学习大家可以看慕课网的视频教程，这里就不展开了。我把项目用到的jar都写在下面，版本都不是最新的，大家有经验的话可以自己调整版本号。另外，所有jar都会与项目一起打包放到我的github上，喜欢的给个star吧~

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.soecode.ssm</groupId><artifactId>ssm</artifactId><packaging>war</packaging><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><name>ssm Maven Webapp</name><url>http://github.com/liyifeng1994/ssm</url><dependencies><!-- 单元测试 --><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.11</version></dependency>

  <span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 1.日志 --&gt;</span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 实现slf4j接口并整合 --&gt;</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>ch.qos.logback<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>logback-classic<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>1.1.1<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 2.数据库 --&gt;</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>mysql<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>mysql-connector-java<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>5.1.37<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>scope</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>runtime<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>scope</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>c3p0<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>c3p0<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>0.9.1.2<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- DAO: MyBatis --&gt;</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>org.mybatis<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token 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class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>org.mybatis<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>mybatis-spring<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>1.2.3<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 3.Servlet web --&gt;</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>taglibs<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>standard<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>1.1.2<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>jstl<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>jstl<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>1.2<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>com.fasterxml.jackson.core<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>jackson-databind<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>2.5.4<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>javax.servlet<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>javax.servlet-api<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>3.1.0<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 4.Spring --&gt;</span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 1)Spring核心 --&gt;</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>org.springframework<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>spring-core<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>4.1.7.RELEASE<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token 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punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>org.springframework<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>spring-context<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token 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class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>spring-jdbc<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>4.1.7.RELEASE<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>org.springframework<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>spring-tx<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>4.1.7.RELEASE<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 3)Spring web --&gt;</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>org.springframework<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>spring-web<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>4.1.7.RELEASE<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>org.springframework<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>spring-webmvc<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>4.1.7.RELEASE<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 4)Spring test --&gt;</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>org.springframework<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>spring-test<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>4.1.7.RELEASE<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- redis客户端:Jedis --&gt;</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>redis.clients<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>jedis<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>2.7.3<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>com.dyuproject.protostuff<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>protostuff-core<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>1.0.8<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>com.dyuproject.protostuff<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>protostuff-runtime<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>1.0.8<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- Map工具类 --&gt;</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>commons-collections<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>commons-collections<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>3.2<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependencies</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>build</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>finalName</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>ssm<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>finalName</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>build</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

</project>

下面真的要开始进行编码工作了，坚持到这里辛苦大家了~

第一步：我们先在spring文件夹里新建spring-dao.xml文件，因为spring的配置太多，我们这里分三层，分别是dao service web。

读入数据库连接相关参数（可选）
配置数据连接池
配置连接属性，可以不读配置项文件直接在这里写死
配置c3p0，只配了几个常用的
配置SqlSessionFactory对象（mybatis）
扫描dao层接口，动态实现dao接口，也就是说不需要daoImpl，sql和参数都写在xml文件上

spring-dao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"><!-- 配置整合mybatis过程 --><!-- 1.配置数据库相关参数properties的属性：${url} --><context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />

<span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 2.数据库连接池 --&gt;</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>bean</span> <span class="token attr-name">id</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>dataSource<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 配置连接池属性 --&gt;</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>driverClass<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">value</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>${jdbc.driver}<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>jdbcUrl<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">value</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>${jdbc.url}<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>user<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">value</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>${jdbc.username}<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>password<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">value</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>${jdbc.password}<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 --&gt;</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>maxPoolSize<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">value</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>30<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>minPoolSize<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">value</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>10<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit --&gt;</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>autoCommitOnClose<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">value</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>false<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 获取连接超时时间 --&gt;</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>checkoutTimeout<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">value</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>10000<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 --&gt;</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>acquireRetryAttempts<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">value</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>2<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>bean</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 --&gt;</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>bean</span> <span class="token attr-name">id</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>sqlSessionFactory<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 注入数据库连接池 --&gt;</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>dataSource<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">ref</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>dataSource<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 配置MyBaties全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml --&gt;</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>configLocation<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">value</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>classpath:mybatis-config.xml<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 扫描entity包 使用别名 --&gt;</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>typeAliasesPackage<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">value</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>com.soecode.lyf.entity<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 扫描sql配置文件:mapper需要的xml文件 --&gt;</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>mapperLocations<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">value</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>classpath:mapper/*.xml<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>bean</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包，动态实现Dao接口，注入到spring容器中 --&gt;</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>bean</span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory --&gt;</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>sqlSessionFactoryBeanName<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">value</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>sqlSessionFactory<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 --&gt;</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>basePackage<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">value</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>com.soecode.lyf.dao<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>bean</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

</beans>

因为数据库配置相关参数是读取配置文件，所以在resources文件夹里新建一个jdbc.properties文件，存放我们4个最常见的数据库连接属性，这是我本地的，大家记得修改呀~还有喜欢传到github上“大头虾们”记得删掉密码，不然别人就很容易得到你服务器的数据库配置信息，然后干一些羞羞的事情，你懂的！！

jdbc.properties

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3307/ssm?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=

友情提示：配置文件中的jdbc.username，如果写成username，可能会与系统环境中的username变量冲突，所以到时候真正连接数据库的时候，用户名就被替换成系统中的用户名（有得可能是administrator），那肯定是连接不成功的，这里有个小坑，我被坑了一晚上！！

因为这里用到了mybatis，所以需要配置mybatis核心文件，在recources文件夹里新建mybatis-config.xml文件。

使用自增主键
使用列别名
开启驼峰命名转换 create_time -> createTime

mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configurationPUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration><!-- 配置全局属性 --><settings><!-- 使用jdbc的getGeneratedKeys获取数据库自增主键值 --><setting name="useGeneratedKeys" value="true" />

  <span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 使用列别名替换列名 默认:true --&gt;</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>setting</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>useColumnLabel<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">value</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>true<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 开启驼峰命名转换:Table{create_time} -&gt; Entity{createTime} --&gt;</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>setting</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>mapUnderscoreToCamelCase<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">value</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>true<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>settings</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

</configuration>

第二步：刚弄好dao层，接下来到service层了。在spring文件夹里新建spring-service.xml文件。

扫描service包所有注解 @Service
配置事务管理器，把事务管理交由spring来完成
配置基于注解的声明式事务，可以直接在方法上@Transaction

spring-service.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/txhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"><!-- 扫描service包下所有使用注解的类型 --><context:component-scan base-package="com.soecode.lyf.service" />

<span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 配置事务管理器 --&gt;</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>bean</span> <span class="token attr-name">id</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>transactionManager<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 注入数据库连接池 --&gt;</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>dataSource<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">ref</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>dataSource<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>bean</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 配置基于注解的声明式事务 --&gt;</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span><span class="token namespace">tx:</span>annotation-driven</span> <span class="token attr-name">transaction-manager</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>transactionManager<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>

</beans>

第三步：配置web层，在spring文件夹里新建spring-web.xml文件。

开启SpringMVC注解模式，可以使用@RequestMapping，@PathVariable，@ResponseBody等
对静态资源处理，如js，css，jpg等
配置jsp 显示ViewResolver，例如在controller中某个方法返回一个string类型的"login"，实际上会返回"/WEB-INF/login.jsp"
扫描web层 @Controller

spring-web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/mvchttp://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"><!-- 配置SpringMVC --><!-- 1.开启SpringMVC注解模式 --><!-- 简化配置： (1)自动注册DefaultAnootationHandlerMapping,AnotationMethodHandlerAdapter (2)提供一些列：数据绑定，数字和日期的format @NumberFormat, @DateTimeFormat, xml,json默认读写支持 --><mvc:annotation-driven />

<span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 2.静态资源默认servlet配置(1)加入对静态资源的处理：js,gif,png(2)允许使用"/"做整体映射--&gt;</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span><span class="token namespace">mvc:</span>default-servlet-handler</span><span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver --&gt;</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>bean</span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>viewClass<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">value</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>prefix<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">value</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>/WEB-INF/jsp/<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>suffix<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">value</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>.jsp<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>bean</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 4.扫描web相关的bean --&gt;</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span><span class="token namespace">context:</span>component-scan</span> <span class="token attr-name">base-package</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>com.soecode.lyf.web<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>

</beans>

第四步：最后就是修改web.xml文件了，它在webapp的WEB-INF下。

web.xml

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaeehttp://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"version="3.1" metadata-complete="true"><!-- 如果是用mvn命令生成的xml，需要修改servlet版本为3.1 --><!-- 配置DispatcherServlet --><servlet><servlet-name>seckill-dispatcher</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class><!-- 配置springMVC需要加载的配置文件spring-dao.xml,spring-service.xml,spring-web.xmlMybatis - > spring -> springmvc--><init-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:spring/spring-*.xml</param-value></init-param></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>seckill-dispatcher</servlet-name><!-- 默认匹配所有的请求 --><url-pattern>/</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

我们在项目中经常会使用到日志，所以这里还有配置日志xml，在resources文件夹里新建logback.xml文件，所给出的日志输出格式也是最基本的控制台s呼出，大家有兴趣查看logback官方文档。

logback.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration debug="true"><appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender"><!-- encoders are by default assigned the type ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder --><encoder><pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n</pattern></encoder></appender>

<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>root</span> <span class="token attr-name">level</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>debug<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>appender-ref</span> <span class="token attr-name">ref</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>STDOUT<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>root</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

</configuration>

到目前为止，我们一共写了7个配置文件，我们一起来看下最终的配置文件结构图。

SSM框架应用实例（图书管理系统）

一开始想就这样结束教程，但是发现其实很多人都还不会把这个SSM框架用起来，特别是mybatis部分。那我现在就以最常见的“图书管理系统”中【查询图书】和【预约图书】业务来做一个demo吧！

首先新建数据库名为ssm，再创建两张表：图书表book和预约图书表appointment，并且为book表初始化一些数据，sql如下。

schema.sql

-- 创建图书表
CREATE TABLE `book` (`book_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '图书ID',`name` varchar(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '图书名称',`number` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '馆藏数量',PRIMARY KEY (`book_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1000 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='图书表'

– 初始化图书数据
INSERT INTO book (book_id, name, number)
VALUES
(1000, ‘Java程序设计’, 10),
(1001, ‘数据结构’, 10),
(1002, ‘设计模式’, 10),
(1003, ‘编译原理’, 10)

– 创建预约图书表
CREATE TABLE appointment (
book_id bigint(20) NOT NULL COMMENT ‘图书ID’,
student_id bigint(20) NOT NULL COMMENT ‘学号’,
appoint_time timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT ‘预约时间’ ,
PRIMARY KEY (book_id, student_id),
INDEX idx_appoint_time (appoint_time)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT=‘预约图书表’

在entity包中添加两个对应的实体，图书实体Book.java和预约图书实体Appointment.java。

Book.java

package com.soecode.lyf.entity;

public class Book {

<span class="token keyword">private</span> <span class="token keyword">long</span> bookId<span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">// 图书ID</span><span class="token keyword">private</span> String name<span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">// 图书名称</span><span class="token keyword">private</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span> number<span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">// 馆藏数量</span><span class="token comment">// 省略构造方法，getter和setter方法，toString方法</span>

}

Appointment.java

package com.soecode.lyf.entity;

import java.util.Date;

/**

预约图书实体
*/
public class Appointment {

private long bookId;// 图书ID

private long studentId;// 学号

private Date appointTime;// 预约时间

// 多对一的复合属性
private Book book;// 图书实体

// 省略构造方法，getter和setter方法，toString方法

}

在dao包新建接口BookDao.java和Appointment.java

BookDao.java

package com.soecode.lyf.dao;

import java.util.List;

import com.soecode.lyf.entity.Book;

public interface BookDao {

<span class="token comment">/*** 通过ID查询单本图书* * @param id* @return*/</span>
Book <span class="token function">queryById</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">long</span> id<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">/*** 查询所有图书* * @param offset 查询起始位置* @param limit 查询条数* @return*/</span>
List<span class="token generics function"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>Book<span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span> <span class="token function">queryAll</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token annotation punctuation">@Param</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"offset"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span> offset<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Param</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"limit"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span> limit<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">/*** 减少馆藏数量* * @param bookId* @return 如果影响行数等于&gt;1，表示更新的记录行数*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">reduceNumber</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">long</span> bookId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

}

AppointmentDao.java

package com.soecode.lyf.dao;

import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

import com.soecode.lyf.entity.Appointment;

public interface AppointmentDao {

<span class="token comment">/*** 插入预约图书记录* * @param bookId* @param studentId* @return 插入的行数*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">insertAppointment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token annotation punctuation">@Param</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"bookId"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">long</span> bookId<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Param</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"studentId"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">long</span> studentId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">/*** 通过主键查询预约图书记录，并且携带图书实体* * @param bookId* @param studentId* @return*/</span>
Appointment <span class="token function">queryByKeyWithBook</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token annotation punctuation">@Param</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"bookId"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">long</span> bookId<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Param</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"studentId"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">long</span> studentId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

}

提示：这里为什么要给方法的参数添加@Param注解呢？是因为该方法有两个或以上的参数，一定要加，不然mybatis识别不了。上面的BookDao接口的queryById方法和reduceNumber方法只有一个参数book_id，所以可以不用加 @Param注解，当然加了也无所谓~

注意，这里不需要实现dao接口不用编写daoImpl， mybatis会给我们动态实现，但是我们需要编写相应的mapper。
在mapper目录里新建两个文件BookDao.xml和AppointmentDao.xml，分别对应上面两个dao接口，代码如下。

BookDao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapperPUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.soecode.lyf.dao.BookDao"><!-- 目的：为dao接口方法提供sql语句配置 --><select id="queryById" resultType="Book" parameterType="long"><!-- 具体的sql -->SELECTbook_id,name,numberFROMbookWHEREbook_id = #{bookId}</select>

<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>select</span> <span class="token attr-name">id</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>queryAll<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">resultType</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>Book<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>SELECTbook_id,name,numberFROMbookORDER BYbook_idLIMIT #{offset}, #{limit}
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>select</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>update</span> <span class="token attr-name">id</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>reduceNumber<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>UPDATE bookSET number = number - 1WHEREbook_id = #{bookId}AND number &gt; 0
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>update</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

</mapper>

AppointmentDao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapperPUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.soecode.lyf.dao.AppointmentDao"><insert id="insertAppointment"><!-- ignore 主键冲突，报错 -->INSERT ignore INTO appointment (book_id, student_id)VALUES (#{bookId}, #{studentId})</insert>

<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>select</span> <span class="token attr-name">id</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>queryByKeyWithBook<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">resultType</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>Appointment<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 如何告诉MyBatis把结果映射到Appointment同时映射book属性 --&gt;</span><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 可以自由控制SQL --&gt;</span>SELECTa.book_id,a.student_id,a.appoint_time,b.book_id "book.book_id",b.`name` "book.name",b.number "book.number"FROMappointment aINNER JOIN book b ON a.book_id = b.book_idWHEREa.book_id = #{bookId}AND a.student_id = #{studentId}
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>select</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

</mapper>

mapper总结：namespace是该xml对应的接口全名，select和update中的id对应方法名，resultType是返回值类型，parameterType是参数类型（这个其实可选），最后#{...}中填写的是方法的参数，看懂了是不是很简单！！我也这么觉得~ 还有一个小技巧要交给大家，就是在返回Appointment对象包含了一个属性名为book的Book对象，那么可以使用"book.属性名"的方式来取值，看上面queryByKeyWithBook方法的sql。

dao层写完了，接下来test对应的package写我们测试方法吧。
因为我们之后会写很多测试方法，在测试前需要让程序读入spring-dao和mybatis等配置文件，所以我这里就抽离出来一个BaseTest类，只要是测试方法就继承它，这样那些繁琐的重复的代码就不用写那么多了~

BaseTest.java

package com.soecode.lyf;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

/**

配置spring和junit整合，junit启动时加载springIOC容器 spring-test,junit
*/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
// 告诉junit spring配置文件
@ContextConfiguration({ “classpath:spring/spring-dao.xml”, “classpath:spring/spring-service.xml” })
public class BaseTest {

}

因为spring-service在service层的测试中会时候到，这里也一起引入算了！

新建BookDaoTest.java和AppointmentDaoTest.java两个dao测试文件。

BookDaoTest.java

package com.soecode.lyf.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import com.soecode.lyf.BaseTest;
import com.soecode.lyf.entity.Book;

public class BookDaoTest extends BaseTest {

<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Autowired</span>
<span class="token keyword">private</span> BookDao bookDao<span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token annotation punctuation">@Test</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">testQueryById</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throws</span> Exception <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token keyword">long</span> bookId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1000</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>Book book <span class="token operator">=</span> bookDao<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">queryById</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bookId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>book<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token annotation punctuation">@Test</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">testQueryAll</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throws</span> Exception <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>List<span class="token generics function"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>Book<span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span> books <span class="token operator">=</span> bookDao<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">queryAll</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>Book book <span class="token operator">:</span> books<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>book<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token annotation punctuation">@Test</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">testReduceNumber</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throws</span> Exception <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token keyword">long</span> bookId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1000</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> update <span class="token operator">=</span> bookDao<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">reduceNumber</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bookId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"update="</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> update<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

BookDaoTest测试结果

testQueryById

testQueryAll

testReduceNumber

AppointmentDaoTest.java

package com.soecode.lyf.dao;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import com.soecode.lyf.BaseTest;
import com.soecode.lyf.entity.Appointment;

public class AppointmentDaoTest extends BaseTest {

<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Autowired</span>
<span class="token keyword">private</span> AppointmentDao appointmentDao<span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token annotation punctuation">@Test</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">testInsertAppointment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throws</span> Exception <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token keyword">long</span> bookId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1000</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token keyword">long</span> studentId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">12345678910</span>L<span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> insert <span class="token operator">=</span> appointmentDao<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">insertAppointment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bookId<span class="token punctuation">,</span> studentId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"insert="</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> insert<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token annotation punctuation">@Test</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">testQueryByKeyWithBook</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throws</span> Exception <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token keyword">long</span> bookId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1000</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token keyword">long</span> studentId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">12345678910</span>L<span class="token punctuation">;</span>Appointment appointment <span class="token operator">=</span> appointmentDao<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">queryByKeyWithBook</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bookId<span class="token punctuation">,</span> studentId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>appointment<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>appointment<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBook</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

AppointmentDaoTest测试结果

testInsertAppointment

testQueryByKeyWithBook

嗯，到这里一切到很顺利_{那么我们继续service层的编码吧}可能下面开始信息里比较大，大家要做好心理准备~

首先，在写我们的控制器之前，我们先定义几个预约图书操作返回码的数据字典，也就是我们要返回给客户端的信息。我们这类使用枚举类，没听过的小伙伴要好好恶补一下了（我也是最近才学到的= =）

预约业务操作返回码说明

返回码	说明
1	预约成功
0	库存不足
-1	重复预约
-2	系统异常

新建一个包叫enums，在里面新建一个枚举类AppointStateEnum.java，用来定义预约业务的数据字典，没听懂没关系，我们直接看代码吧~是不是感觉有模有样了！

AppointStateEnum.java

package com.soecode.lyf.enums;

/**

使用枚举表述常量数据字典
*/
public enum AppointStateEnum {

SUCCESS(1, “预约成功”), NO_NUMBER(0, “库存不足”), REPEAT_APPOINT(-1, “重复预约”), INNER_ERROR(-2, “系统异常”);

private int state;

private String stateInfo;

private AppointStateEnum(int state, String stateInfo) {
this.state = state;
this.stateInfo = stateInfo;
}

public int getState() {
return state;
}

public String getStateInfo() {
return stateInfo;
}

public static AppointStateEnum stateOf(int index) {
for (AppointStateEnum state : values()) {
if (state.getState() == index) {
return state;
}
}
return null;
}

}

接下来，在dto包下新建AppointExecution.java用来存储我们执行预约操作的返回结果。

AppointExecution.java

package com.soecode.lyf.dto;

import com.soecode.lyf.entity.Appointment;
import com.soecode.lyf.enums.AppointStateEnum;

/**

封装预约执行后结果
*/
public class AppointExecution {

// 图书ID
private long bookId;

// 秒杀预约结果状态
private int state;

// 状态标识
private String stateInfo;

// 预约成功对象
private Appointment appointment;

public AppointExecution() {
}

// 预约失败的构造器
public AppointExecution(long bookId, AppointStateEnum stateEnum) {
this.bookId = bookId;
this.state = stateEnum.getState();
this.stateInfo = stateEnum.getStateInfo();
}

// 预约成功的构造器
public AppointExecution(long bookId, AppointStateEnum stateEnum, Appointment appointment) {
this.bookId = bookId;
this.state = stateEnum.getState();
this.stateInfo = stateEnum.getStateInfo();
this.appointment = appointment;
}

// 省略getter和setter方法，toString方法

}

接着，在exception包下新建三个文件
NoNumberException.java
RepeatAppointException.java
AppointException.java
预约业务异常类（都需要继承RuntimeException），分别是无库存异常、重复预约异常、预约未知错误异常，用于业务层非成功情况下的返回（即成功返回结果，失败抛出异常）。

NoNumberException.java

package com.soecode.lyf.exception;

/**

库存不足异常
*/
public class NoNumberException extends RuntimeException {

public NoNumberException(String message) {
super(message);
}

public NoNumberException(String message, Throwable cause) {
super(message, cause);
}

}

RepeatAppointException.java

package com.soecode.lyf.exception;

/**

重复预约异常
*/
public class RepeatAppointException extends RuntimeException {

public RepeatAppointException(String message) {
super(message);
}

public RepeatAppointException(String message, Throwable cause) {
super(message, cause);
}

}

AppointException.java

package com.soecode.lyf.exception;

/**

预约业务异常
*/
public class AppointException extends RuntimeException {

public AppointException(String message) {
super(message);
}

public AppointException(String message, Throwable cause) {
super(message, cause);
}

}

咱们终于可以编写业务代码了，在service包下新建BookService.java图书业务接口。

BookService.java

package com.soecode.lyf.service;

import java.util.List;

import com.soecode.lyf.dto.AppointExecution;
import com.soecode.lyf.entity.Book;

/**

业务接口：站在"使用者"角度设计接口三个方面：方法定义粒度，参数，返回类型（return 类型/异常）
*/
public interface BookService {

/**
- 查询一本图书
- @param bookId
- @return
 */
 Book getById(long bookId);
/**
- 查询所有图书
- @return
 */
 List<Book> getList();
/**
- 预约图书
- @param bookId
- @param studentId
- @return
 */
 AppointExecution appoint(long bookId, long studentId);

}

在service.impl包下新建BookServiceImpl.java使用BookService接口，并实现里面的方法。

BookServiceImpl

package com.soecode.lyf.service.impl;

import java.util.List;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.soecode.lyf.dao.AppointmentDao;
import com.soecode.lyf.dao.BookDao;
import com.soecode.lyf.dto.AppointExecution;
import com.soecode.lyf.entity.Appointment;
import com.soecode.lyf.entity.Book;
import com.soecode.lyf.enums.AppointStateEnum;
import com.soecode.lyf.exception.AppointException;
import com.soecode.lyf.exception.NoNumberException;
import com.soecode.lyf.exception.RepeatAppointException;
import com.soecode.lyf.service.BookService;

@Service
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {

<span class="token keyword">private</span> Logger logger <span class="token operator">=</span> LoggerFactory<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getLogger</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getClass</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">// 注入Service依赖</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Autowired</span>
<span class="token keyword">private</span> BookDao bookDao<span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token annotation punctuation">@Autowired</span>
<span class="token keyword">private</span> AppointmentDao appointmentDao<span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> Book <span class="token function">getById</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">long</span> bookId<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token keyword">return</span> bookDao<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">queryById</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bookId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> List<span class="token generics function"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>Book<span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span> <span class="token function">getList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token keyword">return</span> bookDao<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">queryAll</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1000</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Transactional</span>
<span class="token comment">/*** 使用注解控制事务方法的优点： 1.开发团队达成一致约定，明确标注事务方法的编程风格* 2.保证事务方法的执行时间尽可能短，不要穿插其他网络操作，RPC/HTTP请求或者剥离到事务方法外部* 3.不是所有的方法都需要事务，如只有一条修改操作，只读操作不需要事务控制*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> AppointExecution <span class="token function">appoint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">long</span> bookId<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">long</span> studentId<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token keyword">try</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token comment">// 减库存</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> update <span class="token operator">=</span> bookDao<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">reduceNumber</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bookId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>update <span class="token operator">&lt;=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token comment">// 库存不足</span><span class="token comment">//return new AppointExecution(bookId, AppointStateEnum.NO_NUMBER);//错误写法               </span><span class="token keyword">throw</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">NoNumberException</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"no number"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token comment">// 执行预约操作</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> insert <span class="token operator">=</span> appointmentDao<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">insertAppointment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bookId<span class="token punctuation">,</span> studentId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>insert <span class="token operator">&lt;=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token comment">// 重复预约</span><span class="token comment">//return new AppointExecution(bookId, AppointStateEnum.REPEAT_APPOINT);//错误写法</span><span class="token keyword">throw</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">RepeatAppointException</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"repeat appoint"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token comment">// 预约成功</span>Appointment appointment <span class="token operator">=</span> appointmentDao<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">queryByKeyWithBook</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bookId<span class="token punctuation">,</span> studentId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">AppointExecution</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bookId<span class="token punctuation">,</span> AppointStateEnum<span class="token punctuation">.</span>SUCCESS<span class="token punctuation">,</span> appointment<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token comment">// 要先于catch Exception异常前先catch住再抛出，不然自定义的异常也会被转换为AppointException，导致控制层无法具体识别是哪个异常</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">NoNumberException</span> e1<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token keyword">throw</span> e1<span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">RepeatAppointException</span> e2<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token keyword">throw</span> e2<span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Exception</span> e<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>logger<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">error</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>e<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> e<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">// 所有编译期异常转换为运行期异常</span><span class="token comment">//return new AppointExecution(bookId, AppointStateEnum.INNER_ERROR);//错误写法</span><span class="token keyword">throw</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">AppointException</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"appoint inner error:"</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> e<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

下面我们来测试一下我们的业务代码吧~因为查询图书的业务不复杂，所以这里只演示我们最重要的预约图书业务！！

BookServiceImplTest.java

package com.soecode.lyf.service.impl;

import static org.junit.Assert.fail;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import com.soecode.lyf.BaseTest;
import com.soecode.lyf.dto.AppointExecution;
import com.soecode.lyf.service.BookService;

public class BookServiceImplTest extends BaseTest {

<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Autowired</span>
<span class="token keyword">private</span> BookService bookService<span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token annotation punctuation">@Test</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">testAppoint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throws</span> Exception <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token keyword">long</span> bookId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1001</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token keyword">long</span> studentId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">12345678910</span>L<span class="token punctuation">;</span>AppointExecution execution <span class="token operator">=</span> bookService<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">appoint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bookId<span class="token punctuation">,</span> studentId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>execution<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

BookServiceImplTest测试结果

testAppoint

首次执行是“预约成功”，如果再次执行的话，应该会出现“重复预约”，哈哈，我们所有的后台代码都通过单元测试啦~~是不是很开心~

咱们还需要在dto包里新建一个封装json返回结果的类Result.java，设计成泛型。

Result.java

package com.soecode.lyf.dto;

/**

封装json对象，所有返回结果都使用它
*/
public class Result<T> {

private boolean success;// 是否成功标志

private T data;// 成功时返回的数据

private String error;// 错误信息

public Result() {
}

// 成功时的构造器
public Result(boolean success, T data) {
this.success = success;
this.data = data;
}

// 错误时的构造器
public Result(boolean success, String error) {
this.success = success;
this.error = error;
}

// 省略getter和setter方法
}

最后，我们写web层，也就是controller，我们在web包下新建BookController.java文件。

BookController.java

package com.soecode.lyf.web;

import java.util.List;

import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import com.soecode.lyf.dto.AppointExecution;
import com.soecode.lyf.dto.Result;
import com.soecode.lyf.entity.Book;
import com.soecode.lyf.enums.AppointStateEnum;
import com.soecode.lyf.exception.NoNumberException;
import com.soecode.lyf.exception.RepeatAppointException;
import com.soecode.lyf.service.BookService;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book") // url:/模块/资源/{id}/细分 /seckill/list
public class BookController {

<span class="token keyword">private</span> Logger logger <span class="token operator">=</span> LoggerFactory<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getLogger</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getClass</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token annotation punctuation">@Autowired</span>
<span class="token keyword">private</span> BookService bookService<span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token annotation punctuation">@RequestMapping</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>value <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"/list"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> method <span class="token operator">=</span> RequestMethod<span class="token punctuation">.</span>GET<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">private</span> String <span class="token function">list</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Model model<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>List<span class="token generics function"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>Book<span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span> list <span class="token operator">=</span> bookService<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>model<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addAttribute</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"list"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> list<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">// list.jsp + model = ModelAndView</span><span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">"list"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">// WEB-INF/jsp/"list".jsp</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token annotation punctuation">@RequestMapping</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>value <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"/{bookId}/detail"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> method <span class="token operator">=</span> RequestMethod<span class="token punctuation">.</span>GET<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">private</span> String <span class="token function">detail</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token annotation punctuation">@PathVariable</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"bookId"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> Long bookId<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Model model<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>bookId <span class="token operator">==</span> null<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">"redirect:/book/list"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>Book book <span class="token operator">=</span> bookService<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getById</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bookId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>book <span class="token operator">==</span> null<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">"forward:/book/list"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>model<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addAttribute</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"book"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> book<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">"detail"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token comment">//ajax json</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@RequestMapping</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>value <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"/{bookId}/appoint"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> method <span class="token operator">=</span> RequestMethod<span class="token punctuation">.</span>POST<span class="token punctuation">,</span> produces <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token string">"application/json; charset=utf-8"</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@ResponseBody</span>
<span class="token keyword">private</span> Result<span class="token generics function"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>AppointExecution<span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span> <span class="token function">appoint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token annotation punctuation">@PathVariable</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"bookId"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> Long bookId<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token annotation punctuation">@RequestParam</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"studentId"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> Long studentId<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>studentId <span class="token operator">==</span> null <span class="token operator">||</span> studentId<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">equals</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">""</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"学号不能为空"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token comment">//AppointExecution execution = bookService.appoint(bookId, studentId);//错误写法，不能统一返回，要处理异常（失败）情况</span>AppointExecution execution <span class="token operator">=</span> null<span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token keyword">try</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>execution <span class="token operator">=</span> bookService<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">appoint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bookId<span class="token punctuation">,</span> studentId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">NoNumberException</span> e1<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>execution <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">AppointExecution</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bookId<span class="token punctuation">,</span> AppointStateEnum<span class="token punctuation">.</span>NO_NUMBER<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">RepeatAppointException</span> e2<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>execution <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">AppointExecution</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bookId<span class="token punctuation">,</span> AppointStateEnum<span class="token punctuation">.</span>REPEAT_APPOINT<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Exception</span> e<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>execution <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">AppointExecution</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bookId<span class="token punctuation">,</span> AppointStateEnum<span class="token punctuation">.</span>INNER_ERROR<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token generics function"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>AppointExecution<span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> execution<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

因为我比较懒，所以我们就不测试controller了,好讨厌写前端，呜呜呜~

到此，我们的SSM框架整合配置，与应用实例部分已经结束了，我把所有源码和jar包一起打包放在了我的GitHub上，需要的可以去下载，喜欢就给个star吧，这篇东西写了两个晚上也不容易啊。

完整代码下载地址：https://github.com/liyifeng1994/ssm

2017-02-28更新（感谢网友EchoXml发现）：
修改预约业务代码，失败时抛异常，成功时才返回结果，控制层根据捕获的异常返回相应信息给客户端，而不是业务层直接返回错误结果。上面的代码已经作了修改，而且错误示范也注释保留着，之前误人子弟了，还好有位网友前几天提出质疑，我也及时做了修改。

2017-03-30更新（感谢网友ergeerge1建议）：
修改BookController几处错误
1.detail方法不是返回json的，故不用加@ResponseBody注解
2.appoint方法应该加上@ResponseBody注解
3.另外studentId参数注解应该是@RequestParam
4.至于controller测试，测试appoint方法可不必写jsp，用curl就行，比如
curl -H “Accept: application/json; charset=utf-8” -d “studentId=1234567890” localhost:8080/book/1003/appoint