试题：

一、自己写的代码：

1、问题总结：（自己没调出来）

①显示总价出问题：0.1-1.0的时候总价没问题，到后面某个时间之后总价是错的？如：10.00显示总价02.xx?

②数码管为什么不滚动显示？

2、解决问题：

①unsigned char：无符号字节型，char 为1字节 = 8位范围0-255；

unsigned int ：无符号常数，int 为2字节 = 16位范围0-65535；

unsigned int count_water = 0; //用int 型！！！！char 溢出了！！！

unsigned int money = 0; //用int 型！！！

②定义w_ge1; w_shi1; w_bai1; 缓存w_ge; w_shi; w_bai 的数据！！！！就可以！！

wu = ; liu = ; qi = ; ba = ;写在中断服务函数里。

#include "reg52.h" //时间02-10  20:40
#include "iic.h"sbit L1 = P0^0;//AD光敏电阻
sbit S7 = P3^0;//出水
sbit S6 = P3^1;//停水unsigned char code SMG_duanma[18] = {//  0   1    2    3    4    5    6    70xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,//  8   9    A10  B11  C12  D13  E14  F150x80,0x90,0x88,0x80,0xc6,0xc0,0x86,0x8e,// -16  .170xbf,0x7f};  //共阳数码管unsigned char code SMG_duanmaDot[10] = {// 0.   1.   2.   3.   4.   5.   6.   7.0x40,0x79,0x24,0x30,0x19,0x12,0x02,0x78,// 8.   9.0x00,0x10};  //数码管（小数点）unsigned char ling, yi, er, san, si, wu, liu, qi;//数码管段选
unsigned char count = 0;
unsigned int count_water = 0;//出水总量（0.1L/s）
unsigned int money = 0;//总价    unsigned char w_ge = 0;
unsigned char w_shi = 0;
unsigned char w_bai = 0;       void InitHC138(unsigned char n)
{switch (n){case 4://LEDP2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0x80;break;case 5://蜂鸣器与继电器P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xa0;break;case 6://数码管位置P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xc0;break;case 7://数码管段码P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xe0;break;}
}void Delayms(unsigned int ms)//延时 ms
{unsigned int i, j;for (i = ms; i > 0; i--)for (j = 845; j > 0; j--);
}
/*=================系统初始化=======================================
关闭LED、蜂鸣器与继电器
==================================================================*/
void InitSystem()
{InitHC138(4);P0 = 0xff;InitHC138(5);P0 = 0x00;
}/*=================数码管显示单元===================================
0123：显示费率 X0.50
4567：显示 ①出水总量（按下S7，清除4567，实时显示出水量；再次按下，不影响出水状态，直到按S6） ②总价（按下S6停水后，4567显示总价）
（均保留两位有效数字）
==================================================================*/
void SMG_Bit(unsigned pos, unsigned char dat)//数码管位置、数据
{InitHC138(6);P0 = 0x01 << pos;InitHC138(7);P0 = dat;
}void ShowSMG()//数码管动态显示（出水总量）
{
//0123显示费率：X0.50 SMG_Bit(0, 0xff);//熄灭Delayms(1);SMG_Bit(1, SMG_duanmaDot[0]);//0.Delayms(1);SMG_Bit(2, SMG_duanma[5]);//5Delayms(1);SMG_Bit(3, SMG_duanma[0]);//0Delayms(1);//4567显示出水总量SMG_Bit(4, SMG_duanma[w_bai]);Delayms(1);SMG_Bit(5, SMG_duanmaDot[w_shi]);Delayms(1);SMG_Bit(6, SMG_duanma[w_ge]);Delayms(1);SMG_Bit(7, SMG_duanma[qi]);Delayms(1);
}/*=================按键控制单元=====================================
S7：出水按键 （按下：出水/清除4567（显示实时水量），继电器接通，L10亮再次按下：不影响出水状态，直到按S6）S6：停水按键 （按下：停水/4567显示总价，继电器断开，L10灭）==================================================================*/
unsigned char flat = 0;//标志位
unsigned char w_ge1 = 0; w_shi1 = 0; w_bai1 = 0;
//123
//个位：123 % 10 = 12.3 = 3
//十位：123 / 10 = 12.3 = 12 % 10 = 1.2 = 2
//百位：123 / 100 = 1.23 = 1
void ScanKeys()
{if (S7 == 0){Delayms(5);if (S7 == 0){if (flat == 0){TR0 = 1;//打开中断flat = 1;InitHC138(5);P0 = 0x10;//继电器接通w_ge = 0; w_shi = 0; w_bai = 0; qi = 0;}while(!S7){ShowSMG();//动态扫描数码管}}}
//1234
//个位：1234 % 10 = 123.4 = 4
//十位：1234 / 10 = 123.4 = 123 % 10 = 12.3 = 3
//百位：1234 / 100 = 12.34 = 12 % 10 = 1.2 = 2
//千位：1234 / 1000 = 1.234 = 1   if (S6 == 0){Delayms(5);if (S6 == 0){if (flat == 1){TR0 = 0;flat = 0;InitHC138(5);P0 = 0x00;//继电器断开w_bai = money / 1000;w_shi = (money / 100) % 10;w_ge = (money / 10) % 10;qi = money % 10;}}while(!S6){ShowSMG();//动态扫描数码管}}
}
/*=================定时器0=========================================
100毫升/秒
100毫升 = 0.1L （XX.XX L）
1s = 1000ms = 100 0000us = 20*50000us
==================================================================*/
//unsigned char count = 0;
//unsigned char count_water = 0;//出水总量（0.1L/s）
//unsigned char money = 0;//总价void InitTimer0()//定时器0中断函数(每1s产生一次中断)
{TMOD = 0x01;TH0 = (65535 - 50000) / 256;TL0 = (65535 - 50000) % 256;//  TR0 = 1;ET0 = 1;EA = 1;
}void ServiceTimer0() interrupt 1 //定时器0服务函数
{TH0 = (65535 - 50000) / 256;TL0 = (65535 - 50000) % 256;count++;if (count == 20)//1s{w_ge++;count = 0;if (w_ge == 10){w_shi++;w_ge = 0;if (w_shi == 10){w_shi = 0;w_bai++;if (w_bai == 10){InitHC138(5);P0 = 0x00;w_bai = 5;w_shi = 0;w_ge = 0;qi = 0;TR0 = 0;//关闭定时器}}}}w_ge1 = w_ge; w_shi1 = w_shi; w_bai1 = w_bai;count_water = w_ge1 + w_shi1*10 + w_bai1*100;money = count_water * 5;
}
/*=================AD转换单元=======================================
光敏电阻，亮度值转化为电压，当电压<1.25V L1亮；>1.25V L1灭==================================================================*/
unsigned char ReadAD(unsigned char AIN)
{unsigned char temp;IIC_Start();IIC_SendByte(0x90);IIC_WaitAck();IIC_SendByte(AIN);IIC_WaitAck();IIC_Stop();IIC_Start();IIC_SendByte(0x91);IIC_WaitAck();temp = IIC_RecByte();IIC_Stop();return temp;
}void main()
{unsigned char temp;InitSystem();InitTimer0();while(1){temp = ReadAD(1);ShowSMG();ScanKeys();if (temp < 63.75){InitHC138(4);P0 = 0xfe;}else if (temp > 63.75){InitHC138(4);P0 = 0xff;}}
}

二、大科代码：

#include "reg52.h"
#include "iic.h"sbit S7 = P3^0;
sbit S6 = P3^1;unsigned char code SMG_duanma[19] = {//  0   1    2    3    4    5    6    70xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,//  8   9    A10  B11  C12  D13  E14  F150x80,0x90,0x88,0x80,0xc6,0xc0,0x86,0x8e,// -16  .17  熄灭0xbf,0x7f,0xff};  //共阳数码管unsigned char code SMG_duanmaDot[10] = {// 0.   1.   2.   3.   4.   5.   6.   7.0x40,0x79,0x24,0x30,0x19,0x12,0x02,0x78,// 8.   9.0x00,0x10};  //数码管（小数点）      unsigned char yi, er, san, si, wu, liu, qi, ba;
unsigned char guang;//光敏电阻void InitHC138(unsigned char n)
{switch(n){case 4://LEDP2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0x80;break;case 5://蜂鸣器与继电器P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xa0;break;case 6://数码管位置P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xc0;break;case 7://数码管段码P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xe0;break;}
}void Delayms(unsigned int ms)//延时 ms
{unsigned int i, j;for (i = ms; i > 0; i--)for (j = 845; j > 0; j--);
}/*================系统初始化=================================================
关闭LED、蜂鸣器与继电器===========================================================================*/
void InitSystem()
{InitHC138(4);P0 = 0xff;InitHC138(5);P0 = 0x00;
}/*================数码管显示单元=================================================
0123：显示费率 X0.50
4567：显示 ①出水总量（按下S7，清除4567，实时显示出水量；再次按下，不影响出水状态，直到按S6） ②总价（按下S6停水后，4567显示总价）
（均保留两位有效数字）
===========================================================================*/
void SMG_Bit(unsigned pos, unsigned char dat)//数码管位置、数据
{InitHC138(6);P0 = 0x01 << pos;InitHC138(7);P0 = dat;
}void ShowSMG()
{SMG_Bit(0, SMG_duanma[yi]);Delayms(1);SMG_Bit(1, SMG_duanmaDot[er]);Delayms(1);SMG_Bit(2, SMG_duanma[san]);Delayms(1);SMG_Bit(3, SMG_duanma[si]);Delayms(1);SMG_Bit(4, SMG_duanma[wu]);Delayms(1);SMG_Bit(5, SMG_duanmaDot[liu]);Delayms(1);SMG_Bit(6, SMG_duanma[qi]);Delayms(1);SMG_Bit(7, SMG_duanma[ba]);Delayms(1);
}/*================按键控制单元=================================================
S7：出水按键 （按下：出水/清除4567（显示实时水量），继电器接通，L10亮再次按下：不影响出水状态，直到按S6）S6：停水按键 （按下：停水/4567显示总价，继电器断开，L10灭）
===========================================================================*/
unsigned int money = 0;
unsigned int w_10ml = 0;void ScanKeys()
{if (S7 == 0){Delayms(5);if (S7 == 0){wu = 0;liu = 0; qi = 0; ba = 0;//清除4567数据InitHC138(5);  P0 = 0x10;//继电器接通TR0 = 1;//打开定时器}while(!S7){ShowSMG();}}if (S6 == 0){Delayms(5);if (S6 == 0){InitHC138(5); P0 = 0x00;//关闭继电器TR0 = 0;//关闭定时器（不计时）money = w_10ml * 5;//可能会有五位12345（取前四位，保留两位有效数字：第五位>5,第四位+1）wu = money / 10000;liu = (money / 1000) % 10;qi = (money / 100) % 10;ba = (money / 10) % 10;if ((money % 10) >= 5){ba = ba + 1;}w_10ml = 0;}while(!S6){ShowSMG();}}
}/*=================定时器0=========================================
XX.XX L  =>  01.00L  =>  00.01L = 10ml
100ml/1s = 10ml/100ms
100ms = 20*5ms = 20*5000us0.5元/L = 0.005元/10ml//1234
wu：1234 / 1000 = 1.234 = 1
liu：1234 / 100 = 12.34 = 12 % 10 = 1.2 = 2
qi：1234 / 10 = 123.4 = 123 % 10 = 12.3 = 3
ba：1234 % 10 = 123.4 = 4
==================================================================*/
unsigned char count = 0;
//unsigned int w_10ml = 0;//int：16位65535/char：8位255（小了）
//unsigned int money = 0;//总价void InitTimer0()//定时器0中断函数(每5ms产生一次中断)
{TMOD = 0x01;TH0 = (65535 - 5000) / 256;TL0 = (65535 - 5000) % 256;//    TR0 = 1;（这里不开，等按S7开水的时候开始定时）ET0 = 1;EA = 1;
}void ServiceTimer0() interrupt 1 //中断服务函数
{TH0 = (65535 - 5000) / 256;TL0 = (65535 - 5000) % 256;count++;if (count == 20)//100ms/10ml{count = 0;w_10ml++;wu = w_10ml / 1000;liu = (w_10ml / 100) % 10;qi = (w_10ml / 10) % 10;ba = w_10ml % 10;if (w_10ml == 9999)//99990ml = 99.99L = 50元{wu = 5; liu = 0; qi = 0; ba = 0;TR0 = 0;}}
}
/*=================AD转换单元=======================================
光敏电阻，亮度值转化为电压，当电压<1.25V L1亮；>1.25V L1灭==================================================================*/
unsigned char ReadAD(unsigned char AIN)
{unsigned char temp;IIC_Start();IIC_SendByte(0x90);IIC_WaitAck();IIC_SendByte(AIN);IIC_WaitAck();IIC_Stop();IIC_Start();IIC_SendByte(0x91);IIC_WaitAck();temp = IIC_RecByte();IIC_Stop();return temp;
}void main()
{InitSystem();InitTimer0();yi = 18; er = 0; san = 5; si = 0; wu = 0; liu = 1; qi = 0; ba = 0;while(1){guang = ReadAD(1);//光敏电阻ShowSMG();ScanKeys();if (guang < 63.75){InitHC138(4);P0 = 0xfe;}else if (guang > 63.75){InitHC138(4);P0 = 0xff;}}
}

三、练习改进

注意：

数码管4567清除数据：ml_10 = 0;

而不是wu = 0; liu = 0; qi = 0; ba = 0;！！！！！！

改进：XX.XX L ===> 00.10L / s = 00.01L / 0.1s = 10 mL / 100ms

#include "reg52.h"
#include "iic.h"sbit S7 = P3^0;
sbit S6 = P3^1;
sbit L1 = P0^0;unsigned char code SMG_duanma[19] = {//  0   1    2    3    4    5    6    70xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,//  8   9    A10  B11  C12  D13  E14  F150x80,0x90,0x88,0x80,0xc6,0xc0,0x86,0x8e,// -16  .170xbf,0x7f,0xff};  //共阳数码管unsigned char code SMG_duanmaDot[10] = {// 0.   1.   2.   3.   4.   5.   6.   7.0x40,0x79,0x24,0x30,0x19,0x12,0x02,0x78,// 8.   9.0x00,0x10};  //数码管（小数点）unsigned char yi, er, san, si, wu, liu, qi, ba;
unsigned int ml_10 = 0;//可达9999 用int(65535)
unsigned int money = 0;
unsigned char count = 0;void InitHC138(unsigned char n)
{switch (n){case 4://LEDP2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0x80;break;case 5://蜂鸣器与继电器P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xa0;break;case 6://数码管位置P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xc0;break;case 7://数码管段码P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xe0;break;}
}void Delayms(unsigned int ms)//延时 ms
{unsigned int i, j;for (i = ms; i > 0; i--)for (j = 845; j > 0; j--);
}/*=================系统初始化==========================================
关闭LED、蜂鸣器与继电器=====================================================================*/
void InitSystem()
{InitHC138(4);P0 = 0xff;InitHC138(5);P0 = 0x00;
}/*=================数码管显示单元=======================================
0123：显示费率 X0.50
4567：显示 ①出水总量（按下S7，清除4567，实时显示出水量；再次按下，不影响出水状态，直到按S6） ②总价（按下S6停水后，4567显示总价）
（均保留两位有效数字）
=====================================================================*/
void SMG_Bit(unsigned pos, unsigned char dat)
{InitHC138(6);P0 = 0x01 << pos;InitHC138(7);P0 = dat;
}void ShowSMG()
{SMG_Bit(0, SMG_duanma[yi]);Delayms(1);SMG_Bit(1, SMG_duanmaDot[er]);Delayms(1);SMG_Bit(2, SMG_duanma[san]);Delayms(1);SMG_Bit(3, SMG_duanma[si]);Delayms(1);SMG_Bit(4, SMG_duanma[wu]);Delayms(1);SMG_Bit(5, SMG_duanmaDot[liu]);Delayms(1);SMG_Bit(6, SMG_duanma[qi]);Delayms(1);SMG_Bit(7, SMG_duanma[ba]);Delayms(1);
}/*=================按键控制单元=====================================
S7：出水按键 （按下：出水/清除4567（显示实时水量），继电器接通，L10亮再次按下：不影响出水状态，直到按S6）S6：停水按键 （按下：停水/4567显示总价，继电器断开，L10灭）==================================================================*/
unsigned char flat = 0;//标志位void ScanKeys()
{if (S7 == 0){Delayms(5);if (S7 == 0){if (flat == 0){ml_10 = 0;//清除4567flat = 1;TR0 = 1;//打开定时器InitHC138(5);P0 = 0x10;//打开继电器}}while(!S7){ShowSMG();}}if (S6 == 0){Delayms(5);if (S6 == 0){if (flat == 1){flat = 0;TR0 = 0;//关闭定时器InitHC138(5);P0 = 0x00;//关闭继电器wu = money / 10000;//12345五位（保留两位有效数字）liu = (money / 1000) % 10;qi = (money / 100) % 10;ba = (money / 10) % 10;}}while(!S6){ShowSMG();}}
}/*=================定时器0=========================================
100ml/s = 10ml/0.1s
100毫升 = 0.1L （XX.XX L） 00.01L = 10ml
0.1s = 100ms = 10 0000us = 20*5000us
//1234
//1wu:1234 / 1000 = 1.234 = 1
//2liu:1234 / 100 = 12.34 = 12 % 10 = 1.2 = 2
//3qi:1234 /10 = 123.4 = 123 % 10 = 12.3 = 3
//4ba:1234 % 10 = 123.4 = 4
==================================================================*/
//unsigned int ml_10 = 0;//可达9999 用int(65535)
//unsigned int money = 0;
//unsigned char count = 0;void InitTimer0() //定时器0中断函数(每5ms产生一次中断)
{TMOD = 0x01;TH0 = (65535 - 5000) / 256;TL0 = (65535 - 5000) % 256;ET0 = 1;EA = 1;
//TR0 = 1;//等要用的时候再打开
}void ServiceTimer0() interrupt 1//中断服务函数
{TH0 = (65535 - 5000) / 256;TL0 = (65535 - 5000) % 256;count++;if (count == 20)//20*5ms = 100ms = 0.1s{count = 0;ml_10++;wu = ml_10 / 1000;liu = (ml_10 / 100) % 10;qi = (ml_10 / 10) % 10;ba = ml_10 % 10;money = ml_10 * 5;//0.5元/L = 0.005/10mlif (ml_10 == 9999){InitHC138(5);P0 = 0x00;//关闭继电器TR0 = 0;//关闭定时器wu = 5; liu = 0; qi = 0; ba = 0;//50元}}
}/*=================AD转换单元=======================================
光敏电阻，亮度值转化为电压，当电压<1.25V L1亮；>1.25V L1灭==================================================================*/
unsigned char ReadAD(unsigned char AIN)
{unsigned char temp;IIC_Start();IIC_SendByte(0x90);//发送写（0）读（1）IIC_WaitAck();IIC_SendByte(AIN);IIC_WaitAck();IIC_Stop();IIC_Start();IIC_SendByte(0x91);//读（1）IIC_WaitAck();temp = IIC_RecByte();IIC_Stop();return temp;
}void main()
{unsigned char guang;InitSystem();InitTimer0();yi = 18; er = 0; san = 5; si = 0;wu = 0; liu = 1; qi = 0; ba = 0;while(1){ShowSMG();ScanKeys();guang = ReadAD(1);//0-255 => 0-5V   (255/5)*1.25 = 63.75 if (guang < 63.75){InitHC138(4);P0 = 0xfe;//点亮}else if (guang > 63.75){InitHC138(4);P0 = 0xff;//熄灭}}
}

蓝桥杯：第三届初赛试题“自动售水机”相关推荐

蓝桥杯单片机省赛第三届初赛试题自动售水机
蓝桥杯单片机省赛第三届初赛试题自动售水机蓝桥杯单片机原题如下 `` main.c代码如下 iic.c文件 iic.h文件这是第一次写蓝桥杯的题目的代码,写的时候外设没有熟悉花费了很多时间感 ...
蓝桥杯单片机第三届初赛程序设计——“自动售水机”设计任务书
程序设计流程综述模板搭建根据此题要求对模板做出的改变程序设计 IIC A/D光敏电阻板块程序设计系统设计主函数代码综述第三届初赛赛题除了基础的独立按键.数码管显示.继电器和蜂鸣器的控制 ...
蓝桥杯单片机第三届省赛自动售水机
#蓝桥杯单片机省三自动售水机提示:能力有限仅供参考本人能力有限仅供新手使用,第一次发表博客难免有错误仅供参考. 提示:以下是本篇文章正文内容,下面案例可供参考一.main.c 代码如下: #in ...
蓝桥杯第三届初赛“自动售水机”设计任务书
文章目录蓝桥杯第三届初赛"自动售水机"设计任务书 Author:Luis Time:2022-04-06 Version:v1.0 说明功能简述具体代码 iic.c iic. ...
蓝桥杯2015初赛试题
目录方程整数解 [简单] 星系炸弹 [★] 奇妙的数字 [简单] 牌型种数 [★★]有意思饮料换购 [简单] 奖券数目 [简单] 三羊献瑞 [★] 加法变乘法 [★]有点意思移动距离 [★★]有 ...
2012年蓝桥杯【初赛试题】转方阵
问题描述: 对一个方阵转置,就是把原来的行号变列号,原来的列号变行号例如,如下的方阵: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 转置后 ...
2012蓝桥杯【初赛试题】手机尾号
题目描述; 30年的改革开放,给中国带来了翻天覆地的变化.2011全年中国手机产量约为11.72亿部.手机已经成为百姓的基本日用品! 给手机选个好听又好记的号码可能是许多人的心愿.但号源有限,只能辅以 ...
蓝桥杯第3届省赛（单片机）_自动售水机
蓝桥杯第3届省赛(单片机)_自动售水机题目这是2012年蓝桥杯的省赛的题目,也是单片机第一次加入蓝桥杯比赛系列,由于是初次加入蓝桥杯,所以这次比赛的自动售水机的题目(自动售水机)也比较简单,主要考 ...
蓝桥杯单片机自动售水机
蓝桥杯单片机自动售水机题目要求 main.c #include <stc15f2k60s2.h> #include <absacc.h> #include <dela ...

蓝桥杯：第三届初赛试题“自动售水机”

试题：