LSB算法的扩展延伸

LSB（Least Significant Bit），中文译名为最低有效位，是指一个二进制数字中的最低位。LSB算法的基本思想是用待嵌入的秘密信息取代载体图像数据的LSB，构成载密图像。又因为LSB对图像的外部特征影响很小，所以人难以用肉眼看出载密图像的变化。然而，人眼不仅对LSB位不可感知，对比LSB位更高的某些位同样不可感知，这就意味着这些更高的位同样可以用来嵌入秘密信息。同时，根据人类对绿色敏感，对蓝色不敏感的特点，我们还可以在绿色分量上嵌入更少的比特信息，在蓝色分量上嵌入更多的比特信息。嵌入比特信息的多少可以用（yr,yg,yb）来衡量。这三个值通常取（4,5,3）。

图像在matlab中表现为矩阵，矩阵的长即为图像的长，矩阵的宽即为图像的宽，图像中的每个像素点映射成矩阵中相应位置的元素，也就是数据。每个数据的大小为0~255，存于8bit的空间之内。rgb图像在matlab中表现为三层数据，对rgb图像的处理就是对着三层数据的处理传统lsb算法只在最低位嵌入数据，但是对于某些像素点，人类对某些高于lsb位的数据同样不能感知，这些位同样可以嵌入数据。其中，由于人类对rgb中的绿色敏感，而蓝色最不敏感，我们可以在蓝色分量中嵌入更多的数据。以上就是lsb拓展算法的原理。

%function firstNzreo
%第一个不是零的位置
function po=firstNzreo(y8,y7,y6,y5,y4,y3,y2,y1)
if            y8~=0  po=8;
elseif       y7~=0  po=7;
elseif       y6~=0  po=6;
elseif       y5~=0  po=5;
elseif       y4~=0  po=4;
elseif       y3~=0  po=3;
elseif       y2~=0  po=2;
else         po=1;end

%function dec2bin_z
%十进制转二进制
function [y8,y7,y6,y5,y4,y3,y2,y1]=dec2bin_z(dec)
y1=mod(dec,2); dec=(dec-y1)/2;
y2=mod(dec,2); dec=(dec-y2)/2;
y3=mod(dec,2); dec=(dec-y3)/2;
y4=mod(dec,2); dec=(dec-y4)/2;
y5=mod(dec,2); dec=(dec-y5)/2;
y6=mod(dec,2); dec=(dec-y6)/2;
y7=mod(dec,2); dec=(dec-y7)/2;
y8=mod(dec,2);
end

%function bin2dec_z
%二进制转十进制
function dec=bin2dec_z(y8,y7,y6,y5,y4,y3,y2,y1)dec=y1+2*y2+4*y3+8*y4+16*y5+32*y6+64*y7+128*y8;
end

function varargout = GUI(varargin)
clc;
% GUI MATLAB code for GUI.fig
%      GUI, by itself, creates a new GUI or raises the existing
%      singleton*.
%
%      H = GUI returns the handle to a new GUI or the handle to
%      the existing singleton*.
%
%      GUI('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
%      function named CALLBACK in GUI.M with the given input arguments.
%
%      GUI('Property','Value',...) creates a new GUI or raises the
%      existing singleton*.  Starting from the left, property value pairs are
%      applied to the GUI before GUI_OpeningFcn gets called.  An
%      unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
%      stop.  All inputs are passed to GUI_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
%      *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu.  Choose "GUI allows only one
%      instance to run (singleton)".
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES% Edit the above text to modify the response to help GUI% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 15-Jun-2018 01:13:08% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct('gui_Name',       mfilename, ...'gui_Singleton',  gui_Singleton, ...'gui_OpeningFcn', @GUI_OpeningFcn, ...'gui_OutputFcn',  @GUI_OutputFcn, ...'gui_LayoutFcn',  [] , ...'gui_Callback',   []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
endif nargout[varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
elsegui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT% --- Executes just before GUI is made visible.
function GUI_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin   command line arguments to GUI (see VARARGIN)% Choose default command line output for GUI
handles.output = hObject;% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);% UIWAIT makes GUI wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = GUI_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% varargout  cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Get default command line output from handles structure% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.
function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)%%关闭坐标轴显示axis off;
[filename_img pathname_img]=uigetfile({'*.bmp';'*.jpg';'*.*'},'选择载体图片');
str=[pathname_img filename_img];%拼接pathname和filename，形成完整路径名
img=imread(str);
set(handles.pushbutton1,'userdata',img);
axes(handles.axes1);%打开axes1的句柄，进行句柄操作
imshow(img);% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton2.
function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
axis off;
[filename_hide,pathname_hide] = uigetfile({'*.jpg';'*.bmp';'*.*'},'选择水印图片');
str1=[pathname_hide filename_hide];
imhide=imread(str1);
set(handles.pushbutton2,'userdata',imhide);
axes(handles.axes3);
imshow(imhide);% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton3.
function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
axis off;
img=get(findobj('tag','pushbutton1'),'userdata');%finfobj返回游戏值
imhide=get(findobj('tag','pushbutton2'),'userdata');
[m,n,h]=size(img);
[mhide,nhide]=size(imhide);
imgR=img(:,:,1);
imgG=img(:,:,2);
imgB=img(:,:,3);
imgRline=imgR(:);
imgGline=imgG(:);
imgBline=imgB(:);
imhideline=imhide(:);
yr=4;
yg=5;
yb=3;
y=zeros(1,8);imhidelinebin=zeros(mhide*nhide*8,1);
for ii=1:mhide*nhide[imhidelinebin(ii*8),imhidelinebin(ii*8-1),imhidelinebin(ii*8-2),imhidelinebin(ii*8-3),...imhidelinebin(ii*8-4),imhidelinebin(ii*8-5),imhidelinebin(ii*8-6),imhidelinebin(ii*8-7)]...=dec2bin_z(imhideline(ii));
end%开始嵌入
flag=0;
embedSum=0;
imgRlineNew=imgRline;%B
imgBlineNew=imgBline;
for ii=1:m*nif(flag==1)break;end[y(8),y(7),y(6),y(5),y(4),y(3),y(2),y(1)]=dec2bin_z(imgBline(ii));
fn=firstNzreo(y(8),y(7),y(6),y(5),y(4),y(3),y(2),y(1));
embedNum=fn-yb;if embedNum>0for jj=1:embedNumembedSum=embedSum+1;if embedSum>mhide*nhide*8flag=1;break;endy(jj)=imhidelinebin(embedSum);endimgBlineNew(ii)=bin2dec_z(y(8),y(7),y(6),y(5),y(4),y(3),y(2),y(1));end
end%R
for ii=1:m*nif(flag==1)break;end[y(8),y(7),y(6),y(5),y(4),y(3),y(2),y(1)]=dec2bin_z(imgRline(ii));
fn=firstNzreo(y(8),y(7),y(6),y(5),y(4),y(3),y(2),y(1));
embedNum=fn-yr;if embedNum>0for jj=1:embedNumembedSum=embedSum+1;if embedSum>mhide*nhide*8flag=1;break;endy(jj)=imhidelinebin(embedSum);endimgRlineNew(ii)=bin2dec_z(y(8),y(7),y(6),y(5),y(4),y(3),y(2),y(1));end
end
%G
imgGlineNew=imgGline;
for ii=1:m*nif(flag==1)break;end[y(8),y(7),y(6),y(5),y(4),y(3),y(2),y(1)]=dec2bin_z(imgGline(ii));
fn=firstNzreo(y(8),y(7),y(6),y(5),y(4),y(3),y(2),y(1));
embedNum=fn-yg;if embedNum>0for jj=1:embedNumembedSum=embedSum+1;if embedSum>mhide*nhide*8flag=1;break;endy(jj)=imhidelinebin(embedSum);endimgGlineNew(ii)=bin2dec_z(y(8),y(7),y(6),y(5),y(4),y(3),y(2),y(1));end
end%嵌入完成，开始整合
imgNew=zeros(m,n,h);
imgR2=reshape(imgRlineNew,[m,n]);
imgG2=reshape(imgGlineNew,[m,n]);
imgB2=reshape(imgBlineNew,[m,n]);
imgNew(:,:,1)=imgR2;
imgNew(:,:,2)=imgG2;
imgNew(:,:,3)=imgB2;
axes(handles.axes4);
imshow(uint8(imgNew));
set(handles.pushbutton3,'userdata',imgNew);% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton4.
function pushbutton4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
[filename filepath]=uigetfile({'*.bmp';'*.*'},'打开载密图片');
str=[filepath filename];
Img=imread(str);
[m,n,Z]=size(Img);
%只有知道图片原来的形状，才能提取出完整的水印,
%秘钥就是水印图像的高和宽，比如高346，宽350，秘钥就是346350。
%str1=get(findobj('tag','handles.edit1'),'userdata');
str1=get(findobj('tag','edit1'),'userdata');
key=str1mhide=str2double([str1(1),str1(2),str1(3)]);%高
nhide=str2double([str1(4),str1(5),str1(6)]);%宽
Graylinebin=zeros(8*mhide*nhide,1);
%准备工作
yr=4;
yg=5;
yb=3;
ImgR=Img(:,:,1);
ImgG=Img(:,:,2);
ImgB=Img(:,:,3);
ImgRline=ImgR(:);
ImgGline=ImgG(:);
ImgBline=ImgB(:);% 信息提取
%只有知道图片原来的形状，才能提取出完整的水印。Imhidelinebin=zeros(8*mhide*nhide,1);
%准备工作flag=0;
extractSum=0;
embedNum=0;
y=zeros(8,1);%R
for ii=1:m*nif flag==1break;end[y(8),y(7),y(6),y(5),y(4),y(3),y(2),y(1)]=dec2bin_z(ImgRline(ii));fn=firstNzreo(y(8),y(7),y(6),y(5),y(4),y(3),y(2),y(1));embedNum=fn-yr;if embedNum>0for jj=1:embedNum;extractSum=extractSum+1; if extractSum>8*mhide*nhideflag=1;break;endImhidelinebin(extractSum)=y(jj);endend
end%G
for ii=1:m*nif flag==1break;end[y(8),y(7),y(6),y(5),y(4),y(3),y(2),y(1)]=dec2bin_z(ImgGline(ii));fn=firstNzreo(y(8),y(7),y(6),y(5),y(4),y(3),y(2),y(1));embedNum=fn-yg;if embedNum>0for jj=1:embedNum;extractSum=extractSum+1; if extractSum>8*mhide*nhideflag=1;break;endImhidelinebin(extractSum)=y(jj);endend
end%B
for ii=1:m*nif flag==1break;end[y(8),y(7),y(6),y(5),y(4),y(3),y(2),y(1)]=dec2bin_z(ImgBline(ii));fn=firstNzreo(y(8),y(7),y(6),y(5),y(4),y(3),y(2),y(1));embedNum=fn-yb;if embedNum>0for jj=1:embedNum;extractSum=extractSum+1; if extractSum>8*mhide*Hideflag=1;break;endImhidelinebin(extractSum)=y(jj);endend
end%在工作区看到embedSum跟extractSum相等，说明提取没有出错
%提取完毕，开始整合
Imhideline=zeros(mhide*nhide,1);
for ii=1:mhide*nhideImhideline(ii)=bin2dec_z(Imhidelinebin(ii*8),Imhidelinebin(ii*8-1),Imhidelinebin(ii*8-2),Imhidelinebin(ii*8-3),...Imhidelinebin(ii*8-4),Imhidelinebin(ii*8-5),Imhidelinebin(ii*8-6),Imhidelinebin(ii*8-7));
end
Imhide=reshape(Imhideline,[mhide,nhide]);
axis off;
axes(handles.axes5);
imshow(uint8(Imhide));% hObject    handle to pushbutton4 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --- Executes on mouse press over axes background.
function axes1_ButtonDownFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to axes1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton6.
function pushbutton6_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton6 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)imgNew=get(findobj('tag','pushbutton3'),'userdata');
[filename,filepath]=uiputfile({'*.bmp'},'保存文件');
str=[filepath,filename];
imwrite(uint8(imgNew),str);% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton7.
function pushbutton7_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton7 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function axes4_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to axes4 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called
% Hint: place code in OpeningFcn to populate axes4% --- Executes on mouse press over axes background.
function axes3_ButtonDownFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to axes3 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)function edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit1 as text
%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit1 as a double
set(handles.edit1,'userdata',get(handles.edit1,'String'));
key=get(handles.edit1,'userdata')% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton8.
function pushbutton8_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
im1=get(findobj('tag','pushbutton1'),'userdata');
im2=get(findobj('tag','pushbutton3'),'userdata');
dif=abs(double(im1)-double(im2));
axes(handles.axes7);
imshow(dif);
% hObject    handle to pushbutton8 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)function edit2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit2 as text
%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit2 as a double% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function edit2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end

代码下载请到：https://download.csdn.net/download/momogir_air/10480027

参考资料：

谢建全, 阳春华. 大容量的信息隐藏算法[J]. 计算机工程, 2008, 34(8):167-169

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