Atomikos简介

开发原因

在Java后端开发过程中事务控制非常重要，而Spring为我们提供了方便的声明式事务方法@transactional。但是默认的Spring事务只支持单数据源，而实际上一个系统往往需要写多个数据源，这个时候我们就需要考虑如何通过Spring实现对分布式事务的支持。

开发思路

对于数据库层面的分布式事务而言，JTA（Java Transaction API，XA的JAVA实现方案）是一个不错的解决方案，通常JTA需要应用服务器的支持，但在查阅SpringBoot的文档时发现，它推荐了Atomikos和 Bitronix两种无需服务器支持的分布式事务组件，在这两个组件中，Atomikos更受大家的好评，所以我选择使用Atomikos

`Atomikos`实践

pom.xml文件引入依赖

<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jta-atomikos</artifactId>
</dependency>

application文件配置两个数据源

#account数据库
spring.datasource.account.url = jdbc:mysql://192.168.190.131:3307/seata-account?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false&allowMultiQueries=true
spring.datasource.account.username = root
spring.datasource.account.password = 123456
#storage数据库
spring.datasource.storage.url = jdbc:mysql://192.168.190.131:3308/seata-storage?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false&allowMultiQueries=true
spring.datasource.storage.username = root
spring.datasource.storage.password = 123456

MybatisConfig中配置这两个数据源

package com.yj.atomikos.config;import java.util.Properties;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import com.alibaba.druid.support.http.StatViewServlet;
import com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilter;
import com.atomikos.jdbc.AtomikosDataSourceBean;@Configuration
public class MybatisConfig {@Value("${spring.datasource.account.url}")private String accountDbUrl;@Value("${spring.datasource.account.username}")private String accountUsername;@Value("${spring.datasource.account.password}")private String accountPassword;@Value("${spring.datasource.storage.url}")private String storageDbUrl;@Value("${spring.datasource.storage.username}")private String storageUsername;@Value("${spring.datasource.storage.password}")private String storagePassword;final static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MybatisConfig.class);/*** 配置druid显示监控统计信息 开启Druid的监控平台 http://localhost:8080/druid** @return servlet registration bean*/@Beanpublic ServletRegistrationBean druidServlet() {logger.info("Init Druid Servlet Configuration ");ServletRegistrationBean servletRegistrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean(new StatViewServlet(),"/druid/*");// IP白名单，不设默认都可以// servletRegistrationBean.addInitParameter("allow",// "192.168.2.25,127.0.0.1");// IP黑名单(共同存在时，deny优先于allow)servletRegistrationBean.addInitParameter("deny", "192.168.190.131");// 控制台管理用户servletRegistrationBean.addInitParameter("loginUsername", "root");servletRegistrationBean.addInitParameter("loginPassword", "123456");// 是否能够重置数据 禁用HTML页面上的“Reset All”功能servletRegistrationBean.addInitParameter("resetEnable", "false");return servletRegistrationBean;}@Beanpublic FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistrationBean() {FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean(new WebStatFilter());filterRegistrationBean.addUrlPatterns("/*");filterRegistrationBean.addInitParameter("exclusions", "*.js,*.gif,*.jpg,*.png,*.css,*.ico,/druid/*");return filterRegistrationBean;}@Bean(name = "accountDataSource")@Primarypublic DataSource accountDataSource() {AtomikosDataSourceBean atomikosDataSourceBean = new AtomikosDataSourceBean();atomikosDataSourceBean.setUniqueResourceName("accountDataSource");atomikosDataSourceBean.setXaDataSourceClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.jdbc2.optional.MysqlXADataSource");Properties properties = new Properties();properties.put("URL", accountDbUrl);properties.put("user", accountUsername);properties.put("password", accountPassword);atomikosDataSourceBean.setXaProperties(properties);return atomikosDataSourceBean;}@Bean(name = "storageDataSource")public DataSource storageDataSource() {AtomikosDataSourceBean atomikosDataSourceBean = new AtomikosDataSourceBean();atomikosDataSourceBean.setUniqueResourceName("storageDataSource");atomikosDataSourceBean.setXaDataSourceClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.jdbc2.optional.MysqlXADataSource");Properties properties = new Properties();properties.put("URL", storageDbUrl);properties.put("user", storageUsername);properties.put("password", storagePassword);atomikosDataSourceBean.setXaProperties(properties);return atomikosDataSourceBean;}
}

AccountDataSourceConfig

package com.yj.atomikos.config;import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.io.support.PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver;@Configuration
@MapperScan(basePackages = { "com.yj.atomikos.dao.account" }, sqlSessionFactoryRef = "accountSqlSessionFactory")
public class AccountDataSourceConfig {public static final String MAPPER_XML_LOCATION = "classpath:mapper/account/*.xml";@Autowired@Qualifier("accountDataSource")private DataSource accountDataSource;@Beanpublic SqlSessionTemplate accountSqlSessionTemplate() throws Exception {return new SqlSessionTemplate(accountSqlSessionFactory());}@Beanpublic SqlSessionFactory accountSqlSessionFactory() throws Exception {SqlSessionFactoryBean factoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();factoryBean.setDataSource(accountDataSource);factoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources(MAPPER_XML_LOCATION));return factoryBean.getObject();}
}

StorageDataSourceConfig

package com.yj.atomikos.config;import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.io.support.PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver;@Configuration
@MapperScan(basePackages = { "com.yj.atomikos.dao.storage" }, sqlSessionFactoryRef = "storageSqlSessionFactory")
public class StorageDataSourceConfig {public static final String MAPPER_XML_LOCATION = "classpath:mapper/storage/*.xml";@Autowired@Qualifier("storageDataSource")private DataSource storageDataSource;@Beanpublic SqlSessionTemplate storageSqlSessionTemplate() throws Exception {return new SqlSessionTemplate(storageSqlSessionFactory());}@Beanpublic SqlSessionFactory storageSqlSessionFactory() throws Exception {SqlSessionFactoryBean factoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();factoryBean.setDataSource(storageDataSource);factoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources(MAPPER_XML_LOCATION));return factoryBean.getObject();}
}

BusinessService模拟事务

package com.yj.atomikos.service;import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import com.yj.atomikos.dao.account.AccountDao;
import com.yj.atomikos.dao.storage.StorageDao;@Service
public class BusinessService {private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(BusinessService.class);@Autowiredprivate AccountDao accountDao;@Autowiredprivate StorageDao storageDao;@Transactionalpublic String transaction(long userId, long productId, String flag) {bisiness(userId, productId, flag);return "操作成功";}private void bisiness(long userId, long productId, String flag) {log.info("==业务开始==");accountDao.updateAccount(userId);if ("1".equals(flag)) {int i = 1 / 0;}storageDao.updateStorage(productId);log.info("==业务结束==");}
}

开始验证

启动项目，观察日志输出

2020-01-27 15:44:24.471  WARN 10732 --- [           main] c.a.i.config.UserTransactionServiceImp   : No properties path set - looking for transactions.properties in classpath...
2020-01-27 15:44:24.472  WARN 10732 --- [           main] c.a.i.config.UserTransactionServiceImp   : transactions.properties not found - looking for jta.properties in classpath...
2020-01-27 15:44:24.473  WARN 10732 --- [           main] c.a.i.config.UserTransactionServiceImp   : Failed to open transactions properties file - using default values
2020-01-27 15:44:24.506  INFO 10732 --- [           main] c.a.p.imp.StateRecoveryManagerImp        : com.atomikos.persistence.imp.WriteAheadObjectLog instantiation failed - falling back to default
2020-01-27 15:44:24.509  INFO 10732 --- [           main] c.a.persistence.imp.FileLogStream        : Starting read of logfile D:\eclipse\ws\DistributedTransaction\Atomikos\transaction-logs\tmlog25.log
2020-01-27 15:44:24.509  INFO 10732 --- [           main] c.a.persistence.imp.FileLogStream        : Done read of logfile
2020-01-27 15:44:24.509  INFO 10732 --- [           main] c.a.persistence.imp.AbstractLogStream    : Logfile closed: D:\eclipse\ws\DistributedTransaction\Atomikos\transaction-logs\tmlog25.log
2020-01-27 15:44:24.530  INFO 10732 --- [           main] c.a.i.c.i.AbstractUserTransactionService : USING core version: 3.9.3
2020-01-27 15:44:24.530  INFO 10732 --- [           main] c.a.i.c.i.AbstractUserTransactionService : USING com.atomikos.icatch.automatic_resource_registration = true
2020-01-27 15:44:24.530  INFO 10732 --- [           main] c.a.i.c.i.AbstractUserTransactionService : USING com.atomikos.icatch.client_demarcation = false
2020-01-27 15:44:24.530  INFO 10732 --- [           main] c.a.i.c.i.AbstractUserTransactionService : USING com.atomikos.icatch.threaded_2pc = false
2020-01-27 15:44:24.530  INFO 10732 --- [           main] c.a.i.c.i.AbstractUserTransactionService : USING com.atomikos.icatch.serial_jta_transactions = true
2020-01-27 15:44:24.530  INFO 10732 --- [           main] c.a.i.c.i.AbstractUserTransactionService : USING com.atomikos.icatch.serializable_logging = true
2020-01-27 15:44:24.530  INFO 10732 --- [           main] c.a.i.c.i.AbstractUserTransactionService : USING com.atomikos.icatch.log_base_dir = D:\eclipse\ws\DistributedTransaction\Atomikos\transaction-logs
2020-01-27 15:44:24.530  INFO 10732 --- [           main] c.a.i.c.i.AbstractUserTransactionService : USING com.atomikos.icatch.max_actives = 50
2020-01-27 15:44:24.530  INFO 10732 --- [           main] c.a.i.c.i.AbstractUserTransactionService : USING com.atomikos.icatch.checkpoint_interval = 500
2020-01-27 15:44:24.530  INFO 10732 --- [           main] c.a.i.c.i.AbstractUserTransactionService : USING com.atomikos.icatch.enable_logging = true
2020-01-27 15:44:24.530  INFO 10732 --- [           main] c.a.i.c.i.AbstractUserTransactionService : USING com.atomikos.icatch.output_dir = .\
2020-01-27 15:44:24.530  INFO 10732 --- [           main] c.a.i.c.i.AbstractUserTransactionService : USING com.atomikos.icatch.log_base_name = tmlog
2020-01-27 15:44:24.530  INFO 10732 --- [           main] c.a.i.c.i.AbstractUserTransactionService : USING com.atomikos.icatch.max_timeout = 300000
2020-01-27 15:44:24.530  INFO 10732 --- [           main] c.a.i.c.i.AbstractUserTransactionService : USING com.atomikos.icatch.tm_unique_name = 192.168.190.1.tm
2020-01-27 15:44:24.530  INFO 10732 --- [           main] c.a.i.c.i.AbstractUserTransactionService : USING java.naming.factory.initial = com.sun.jndi.rmi.registry.RegistryContextFactory
2020-01-27 15:44:24.530  INFO 10732 --- [           main] c.a.i.c.i.AbstractUserTransactionService : USING java.naming.provider.url = rmi://localhost:1099
2020-01-27 15:44:24.530  INFO 10732 --- [           main] c.a.i.c.i.AbstractUserTransactionService : USING com.atomikos.icatch.service = com.atomikos.icatch.standalone.UserTransactionServiceFactory
2020-01-27 15:44:24.531  INFO 10732 --- [           main] c.a.i.c.i.AbstractUserTransactionService : USING com.atomikos.icatch.force_shutdown_on_vm_exit = false
2020-01-27 15:44:24.531  INFO 10732 --- [           main] c.a.i.c.i.AbstractUserTransactionService : USING com.atomikos.icatch.default_jta_timeout = 10000
2020-01-27 15:44:24.541  INFO 10732 --- [           main] o.s.t.jta.JtaTransactionManager          : Using JTA UserTransaction: com.atomikos.icatch.jta.UserTransactionManager@32b9bd12
2020-01-27 15:44:24.542  INFO 10732 --- [           main] o.s.t.jta.JtaTransactionManager          : Using JTA TransactionManager: com.atomikos.icatch.jta.UserTransactionManager@32b9bd12
2020-01-27 15:44:24.649  INFO 10732 --- [           main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup
2020-01-27 15:44:24.657  INFO 10732 --- [           main] o.a.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol      : Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8001"]
2020-01-27 15:44:24.666  INFO 10732 --- [           main] o.a.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool      : Using a shared selector for servlet write/read
2020-01-27 15:44:24.675  INFO 10732 --- [           main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8001 (http)

调用接口

http://127.0.0.1:8001/transaction?user_id=1&product_id=1&flag=1

观察日志

2020-01-27 15:45:24.012  INFO 10732 --- [nio-8001-exec-3] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2020-01-27 15:45:24.013  INFO 10732 --- [nio-8001-exec-3] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization started
2020-01-27 15:45:24.028  INFO 10732 --- [nio-8001-exec-3] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization completed in 15 ms
2020-01-27 15:45:24.075  INFO 10732 --- [nio-8001-exec-3] c.a.icatch.imp.thread.TaskManager        : THREADS: using JDK thread pooling...
2020-01-27 15:45:24.081  INFO 10732 --- [nio-8001-exec-3] c.a.icatch.imp.BaseTransactionManager    : createCompositeTransaction ( 10000 ): created new ROOT transaction with id 192.168.190.1.tm0000100027
2020-01-27 15:45:24.089  INFO 10732 --- [nio-8001-exec-3] com.yj.atomikos.service.BusinessService  : ==业务开始==
2020-01-27 15:45:24.108  INFO 10732 --- [nio-8001-exec-3] c.atomikos.jdbc.AbstractDataSourceBean   : AtomikosDataSoureBean 'accountDataSource': getConnection ( null )...
2020-01-27 15:45:24.108  INFO 10732 --- [nio-8001-exec-3] c.atomikos.jdbc.AbstractDataSourceBean   : AtomikosDataSoureBean 'accountDataSource': init...
2020-01-27 15:45:24.108  WARN 10732 --- [nio-8001-exec-3] c.atomikos.jdbc.AbstractDataSourceBean   : AtomikosDataSoureBean 'accountDataSource': poolSize equals default - this may cause performance problems!
2020-01-27 15:45:24.115  INFO 10732 --- [nio-8001-exec-3] c.atomikos.jdbc.AtomikosDataSourceBean   : AtomikosDataSoureBean 'accountDataSource': initializing with [ xaDataSourceClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.jdbc2.optional.MysqlXADataSource, uniqueResourceName=accountDataSource, maxPoolSize=1, minPoolSize=1, borrowConnectionTimeout=30, maxIdleTime=60, reapTimeout=0, maintenanceInterval=60, testQuery=null, xaProperties=[URL=jdbc:mysql://192.168.190.131:3307/seata-account?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false&allowMultiQueries=true,user=root,password=123456], loginTimeout=0, maxLifetime=0]
2020-01-27 15:45:24.314  INFO 10732 --- [nio-8001-exec-3] c.a.d.xa.XATransactionalResource         : accountDataSource: refreshed XAResource
2020-01-27 15:45:24.353  INFO 10732 --- [nio-8001-exec-3] c.atomikos.jdbc.AtomikosConnectionProxy  : atomikos connection proxy for com.mysql.jdbc.jdbc2.optional.JDBC4ConnectionWrapper@3dc5b19: calling getAutoCommit...
2020-01-27 15:45:24.356 DEBUG 10732 --- [nio-8001-exec-3] c.y.a.d.a.AccountDao.updateAccount       : ==>  Preparing: update account set money = money-10 where user_id = ?
2020-01-27 15:45:24.359  INFO 10732 --- [nio-8001-exec-3] c.a.icatch.imp.CompositeTransactionImp   : addParticipant ( XAResourceTransaction: 3139322E3136382E3139302E312E746D30303030313030303237:3139322E3136382E3139302E312E746D31 ) for transaction 192.168.190.1.tm0000100027
2020-01-27 15:45:24.359  INFO 10732 --- [nio-8001-exec-3] c.a.datasource.xa.XAResourceTransaction  : XAResource.start ( 3139322E3136382E3139302E312E746D30303030313030303237:3139322E3136382E3139302E312E746D31 , XAResource.TMNOFLAGS ) on resource accountDataSource represented by XAResource instance com.mysql.jdbc.jdbc2.optional.JDBC4MysqlXAConnection@1a063f06
2020-01-27 15:45:24.361  INFO 10732 --- [nio-8001-exec-3] c.a.icatch.imp.CompositeTransactionImp   : registerSynchronization ( com.atomikos.jdbc.AtomikosConnectionProxy$JdbcRequeueSynchronization@b42ba2df ) for transaction 192.168.190.1.tm0000100027
2020-01-27 15:45:24.361  INFO 10732 --- [nio-8001-exec-3] c.atomikos.jdbc.AtomikosConnectionProxy  : atomikos connection proxy for com.mysql.jdbc.jdbc2.optional.JDBC4ConnectionWrapper@3dc5b19: calling prepareStatement(update account set money = money-10 where user_id = ?)...
2020-01-27 15:45:24.385 DEBUG 10732 --- [nio-8001-exec-3] c.y.a.d.a.AccountDao.updateAccount       : ==> Parameters: 1(Long)
2020-01-27 15:45:24.389 DEBUG 10732 --- [nio-8001-exec-3] c.y.a.d.a.AccountDao.updateAccount       : <==    Updates: 1
2020-01-27 15:45:24.390  INFO 10732 --- [nio-8001-exec-3] c.atomikos.jdbc.AtomikosConnectionProxy  : atomikos connection proxy for com.mysql.jdbc.jdbc2.optional.JDBC4ConnectionWrapper@3dc5b19: close()...
2020-01-27 15:45:24.391  INFO 10732 --- [nio-8001-exec-3] c.a.datasource.xa.XAResourceTransaction  : XAResource.end ( 3139322E3136382E3139302E312E746D30303030313030303237:3139322E3136382E3139302E312E746D31 , XAResource.TMSUCCESS ) on resource accountDataSource represented by XAResource instance com.mysql.jdbc.jdbc2.optional.JDBC4MysqlXAConnection@1a063f06
2020-01-27 15:45:24.395  INFO 10732 --- [nio-8001-exec-3] c.a.datasource.xa.XAResourceTransaction  : XAResource.rollback ( 3139322E3136382E3139302E312E746D30303030313030303237:3139322E3136382E3139302E312E746D31 ) on resource accountDataSource represented by XAResource instance com.mysql.jdbc.jdbc2.optional.JDBC4MysqlXAConnection@1a063f06
2020-01-27 15:45:24.400  INFO 10732 --- [nio-8001-exec-3] c.a.icatch.imp.CompositeTransactionImp   : rollback() done of transaction 192.168.190.1.tm0000100027
2020-01-27 15:45:24.409 ERROR 10732 --- [nio-8001-exec-3] o.a.c.c.C.[.[.[/].[dispatcherServlet]    : Servlet.service() for servlet [dispatcherServlet] in context with path [] threw exception [Request processing failed; nested exception is java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero] with root causejava.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero

同时观察两个数据源中的数据，正常。到这里Atomikos对于一个项目中多数据源的事务控制生效了。

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