2009年软件设计师考试（英语部分）

2009上半年上午卷

For nearly ten years,the Unified Modeling Language (UML) has been the industry standard for visualizing,specifying,constructing,and documenting the (71) $\color{red}{artifacts }$ of a software-intensive system. As the (72) $\color{red}{defacto }$ standard modeling language, the UML facilitates communication and reduces confusion among project (73) $\color{red}{stakeholders}$ .The recent standardization of UML 2.0 has further extended the language’s scope and viability.Its inherent expressiveness allows users to (74) $\color{red}{model }$ everything from enterprise information systems and distributed Web-based applications to real-time embedded systems. The UML is not limited to modeling software. In fact,it is expressive enough to model (75) $\color{red}{non-software }$ systems,such as workflow in the legal system，the structure and behavior of a patient healthcare system,software engineering in aircraft combat systems， and the design of hardware. To understand the UML,you need to form a conceptual model of the language， and this requires learning three major elements: the UML’s basic building blocks,the rules that dictate how those building blocks may be put together， and some common mechanisms that apply throughout the UML.

近十年来，统一建模语言（UML）一直是可视化，指定，构建和记录软件密集型系统工件的行业标准。作为事实上的标准建模语言，UML促进了沟通并减少了项目利益相关者之间的混淆。最近UML 2.0的标准化进一步扩展了语言的范围和可行性。它的内在表现力使用户能够对来自企业信息系统和基于Web的分布式内容进行建模。 UML不仅限于建模软件。事实上，它足以表达非软件系统的模型，例如法律系统中的工作流程，患者医疗保健系统的结构和行为，软件。飞机作战系统的工程设计和硬件的设计。要理解UML，你需要形成一个语言的概念模型，这需要学习三个主要元素：UML的基本构建块，规定这些构建块的规则可以放在一起，以及适用于整个UML的一些常用机制。

(71）
A．classes 等级
B．components 组件
C．sequences 序列
D． $\color{red}{artifacts }$ 工件
(72）
A．real 真实
B．legal 法律
C． $\color{red}{defacto }$ 事实上
D．illegal 非法
(73）
A．investors 投资者
B．developers 开发商
C．designers 设计师
D． $\color{red}{stakeholders }$ 利益相关者
(74）
A． $\color{red}{model }$ 模型
B．code 代码
C．test 测试
D．modify 修改
(75）
A．non-hardware 非硬件
B． $\color{red}{non-software }$ 非软件
C．hardware 硬件
D．software 软件

2009下半年上午卷

Why is (71) $\color{red}{programming}$ fun ？What delights may its practitiopect as his rewrad ? First is the sheer joy of making things. As the child delights in his mud pie, so the adult enjoys building things, especially things of his own design. Second is the loeasure of making things that are useful to other people. Third is the fascination of fashioning complex puzzle-like objects of interlocking moving parts and watching them work in subtle cycles, playing out the consequences of principles built in from (72) $\color{red}{non-repeating}$ the beginning.Fourth is the joy of always learning, which springs from the (73) $\color{red}{practical}$ nature of the task. In one way sometimes theoretical, and sometimes both. Finally, there is the delight of working in such a tractalbe medium. The (74) $\color{red}{programmer}$ like the poet, works only slightly removed from pure thoughtsuff. Few media of creation are so flexible, so easy to polish and rework, so readily capable of realizing grand conceptual structures.
Yet the program (75) $\color{red}{construct}$ , unlike the poet’s words, is real in the sense that it moves and works, producing visible outputs separate from the construct itself, It prints results, draws pictures, produces sounds, moves arms. Programming then is fun because it gratifies creative longings built deel within us and delightss sensibilities we have in common with all men.

为什么编程很有趣？作为重新编程，它的实用性是什么？首先是制作东西的纯粹乐趣。当孩子喜欢他的泥饼时，成年人喜欢建筑物，特别是他自己设计的东西。其次是制造对其他人有用的东西。第三是将复杂的拼图式物体塑造成互锁的运动部件，并观察它们在微妙的循环中工作，从非重复开始构建原则的结果。第四是永远学习的快乐，这源于任务的实际性。在某种程度上有时是理论上的，有时是两种。最后，在这样一种媒体中工作是令人高兴的。像诗人这样的程序员，只是从纯粹的思绪中略微删除。很少有创作媒体如此灵活，易于抛光和返工，因此很容易实现宏大的概念结构。
然而，与诗人的话语不同，程序构造在移动和工作的意义上是真实的，产生与构造本身分离的可见输出，它打印结果，绘制图片，产生声音，移动手臂。然后编程很有趣，因为它满足了我们内心的创造性渴望，并且使我们与所有人共同感受到了快乐。

(71)
A. $\color{red}{programming}$ 程序设计
B.composing 构成
C.working 工作的
D.writing 写作
(72)
A.repeating 重复
B.basic 基本
C. $\color{red}{non-repeating}$ 非重复
D.advance 预先
(73)
A.semantic 语义
B. $\color{red}{practical}$ 实际的
C.lexical 词法
D.syntactical 句法
(74)
A.poet 诗人
B.architect 建筑师
C.doctor 医生
D. $\color{red}{programmer}$ 程序员
(75)
A. $\color{red}{construct}$ 构造
B.code 代码
C.size 尺寸
D.scale 规模