ubuntu20.04 安装 DevStack

DevStack Quick Start 官方文档

启动一个实例操作文档-中文

启动一个实例操作文档-英文

DevStack 一键安装，看起来很美！也许是咱国内网络环境受限造成各种不适，官方文档说大概 15 -20 分钟完成？半天功夫能完成就算运气好！

既然是学习 OpenStack ，各种麻烦都是必须克服的！

我的环境

 虚拟机 2 CPU ， 16 G RAM网卡 eth0： 192.168.0.121网卡 eth1: 不设 IPUbuntu 20.04

安装过程

提前准备一下环境（hostname、github 镜像）
$ cat /etc/hosts

 127.0.0.1 localhost127.0.1.1 ubuntu2004-121# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts::1     ip6-localhost ip6-loopbackfe00::0 ip6-localnetff00::0 ip6-mcastprefixff02::1 ip6-allnodesff02::2 ip6-allrouters192.168.0.121 ubuntu2004-121140.82.113.3 github.com

按照 [DevStack Quick Start 官方文档 ] (https://docs.openstack.org/devstack/latest/) 操作

$ sudo useradd -s /bin/bash -d /opt/stack -m stack
$ sudo chmod +x /opt/stack
$ echo “stack ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL” | sudo tee /etc/sudoers.d/stack
$ sudo -u stack -i
$ git clone https://opendev.org/openstack/devstack
$ cd devstack

准备配置文件 local.conf
开头必须是 [[local|localrc]] （注释行除外）
刚开始学习时最好配置最小化，其余都缺省
以下多余的行我都注释掉了，那都是折腾过程的足迹

$ cat local.conf

 [[local|localrc]]ADMIN_PASSWORD=passwordDATABASE_PASSWORD=$ADMIN_PASSWORDRABBIT_PASSWORD=$ADMIN_PASSWORDSERVICE_PASSWORD=$ADMIN_PASSWORD## PUBLIC_INTERFACE=eth1# HOST_IP=192.168.0.121# FLOATING_RANGE=192.168.0.0/24# PUBLIC_NETWORK_GATEWAY=192.168.0.81# Q_FLOATING_ALLOCATION_POOL=start=192.168.0.10,end=192.168.0.30## FLOATING_RANGE=192.168.0.10/28# FIXED_RANGE=10.11.12.0/24## use TryStack git mirrorGIT_BASE=http://git.trystack.cnNOVNC_REPO=http://git.trystack.cn/kanaka/noVNC.gitSPICE_REPO=http://git.trystack.cn/git/spice/spice-html5.git

开始安装
$ ./stack.sh
千万别着急！隔十分钟过来看一眼，发现各种红色的错误，重新执行 ./stack.sh
不是红色的错误的话，也需要看看错误提示，然后重新执行 ./stack.sh

晚八点左右不要干活，网速不好，会不断 Error ，不断继续！考验你的耐心！

最后正确完成大概是这样子

 +functions-common:service_check:1722       sudo systemctl status devstack@dstat.service --no-pager● devstack@dstat.service - Devstack devstack@dstat.serviceLoaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/devstack@dstat.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)Active: inactive (dead) since Sat 2022-10-29 09:27:38 CST; 20min agoMain PID: 395881 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)Oct 29 09:27:38 ubuntu2004-121 dstat.sh[396169]:   --color               force colorsOct 29 09:27:38 ubuntu2004-121 dstat.sh[396169]:   --nocolor             disable colorsOct 29 09:27:38 ubuntu2004-121 dstat.sh[396169]:   --noheaders           disable repetitive headersOct 29 09:27:38 ubuntu2004-121 dstat.sh[396169]:   --noupdate            disable intermediate headersOct 29 09:27:38 ubuntu2004-121 dstat.sh[396169]:   -o file, --output=fileOct 29 09:27:38 ubuntu2004-121 dstat.sh[396169]:                         write CSV output to fileOct 29 09:27:38 ubuntu2004-121 dstat.sh[396169]:   --profile             show profiling statistics when exiting dstatOct 29 09:27:38 ubuntu2004-121 dstat.sh[396169]: delay is the delay in seconds between each update (default: 1)Oct 29 09:27:38 ubuntu2004-121 dstat.sh[396169]: count is the number of updates to display before exiting (default: unlimited)Oct 29 09:27:38 ubuntu2004-121 systemd[1]: devstack@dstat.service: Succeeded.+functions-common:service_check:1          exit_trap+./stack.sh:exit_trap:516                  local r=3++./stack.sh:exit_trap:517                  jobs -p+./stack.sh:exit_trap:517                  jobs=393564+./stack.sh:exit_trap:520                  [[ -n 393564 ]]+./stack.sh:exit_trap:520                  [[ -n '' ]]+./stack.sh:exit_trap:526                  '[' -f /tmp/tmp.I3IZErxZsR ']'+./stack.sh:exit_trap:527                  rm /tmp/tmp.I3IZErxZsR+./stack.sh:exit_trap:531                  kill_spinner+./stack.sh:kill_spinner:426               '[' '!' -z '' ']'+./stack.sh:exit_trap:533                  [[ 3 -ne 0 ]]+./stack.sh:exit_trap:534                  echo 'Error on exit'Error on exit+./stack.sh:exit_trap:536                  type -p generate-subunit+./stack.sh:exit_trap:537                  generate-subunit 1667004651 3457 fail+./stack.sh:exit_trap:539                  [[ -z /opt/stack/logs ]]+./stack.sh:exit_trap:542                  /usr/bin/python3.8 /opt/stack/devstack/tools/worlddump.py -d /opt/stack/logsWorld dumping... see /opt/stack/logs/worlddump-2022-10-29-014829.txt for details+./stack.sh:exit_trap:551                  exit 3

快照

保存一份快照！
保存一份快照！
保存一份快照！

错误处理

ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement attrs=22.1.0 (from -c /opt/stack/requirements/upper-constraints.txt (line 48)) (from versions: none)
ERROR: No matching distribution found for attrs=22.1.0 (from -c /opt/stack/requirements/upper-constraints.txt (line 48))

这种版本错误遇到次数最多！
我更换过清华和阿里的pip源，错误次数更多，而且还解决不了
后来，还是去掉了国内源，才最后安装完成

解决方法：
$ pip install attrs
```
 Requirement already satisfied: attrs in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (19.3.0)stack@ubuntu2004-121:~/devstack$ pip install attrs===22.1.0Collecting attrs===22.1.0Downloading attrs-22.1.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (58 kB)|████████████████████████████████| 58 kB 192 kB/s Installing collected packages: attrsSuccessfully installed attrs-22.1.0
```
E: Could not get lock /var/lib/dpkg/lock. It is held by process 2019 (unattended-upgr)
N: Be aware that removing the lock file is not a solution and may break your system.
E: Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/), is another process using it?

解决方法：
一般直接 sudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/lock 然后 sudo apt update 就可以，但是，经常 rm 了也不行

$ sudo dpkg --configure -a
```
 dpkg: error: dpkg database lock is locked by another process
```
$ sudo lsof /var/cache/apt/archives/lock
```
 COMMAND    PID USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF    NODE NAMEunattende 6583 root   97uW  REG  253,0        0 5374143 /var/cache/apt/archives/lock
```
$ sudo rm /var/cache/apt/archives/lock

继续之前，可以再次 sudo apt update
libsystemd-dev : Depends: libsystemd0 (= 245.4-4ubuntu3.18) but 245.4-4ubuntu3.19 is to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
+functions-common:apt_get:1 exit_trap

解决方法：

$ sudo apt install aptitude

$ sudo aptitude install libsystemd-dev
The following NEW packages will be installed:
libsystemd-dev{b}
The following packages will be REMOVED:
libfwupdplugin1{u} libxmlb1{u}
0 packages upgraded, 1 newly installed, 2 to remove and 9 not upgraded.
Need to get 246 kB of archives. After unpacking 356 kB will be used.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libsystemd-dev : Depends: libsystemd0 (= 245.4-4ubuntu3.18) but 245.4-4ubuntu3.19 is installed
The following actions will resolve these dependencies:
```
 Keep the following packages at their current version:
```
1. ```
libsystemd-dev [Not Installed]
```
Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?] n
The following actions will resolve these dependencies:
…

注意这里不要习惯性的输入 Y ，而是输入 N ，因为这个是 Not Installed
ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement sqlalchemy (from versions: none)
ERROR: No matching distribution found for sqlalchemy

这个错误和前面错误1 一样，但是，当时我没能跨过去，当时分别使用清华和阿里的pip源，都没能搞定！
最后，还是去掉 pip 国内源，安装过程也不再报这个错误了！

错误：实例 “vm-2” 执行所请求操作失败，实例处于错误状态。: 请稍后再试 [错误: Host ‘ubuntu2004-121’ is not mapped to any cell].

在 dashboard 上创建实例总是失败
解决方法：

$ nova-manage cell_v2 discover_hosts --verbose

 Modules with known eventlet monkey patching issues were imported prior to eventlet monkey patching: urllib3. This warning can usually be ignored if the caller is only importing and not executing nova code./usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/secretstorage/dhcrypto.py:15: CryptographyDeprecationWarning: int_from_bytes is deprecated, use int.from_bytes insteadfrom cryptography.utils import int_from_bytes/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/secretstorage/util.py:19: CryptographyDeprecationWarning: int_from_bytes is deprecated, use int.from_bytes insteadfrom cryptography.utils import int_from_bytesINFO dbcounter [None req-cb97580d-01ba-4737-9cb0-0247209a7f58 None None] Registered counter for database nova_apiDEBUG dbcounter [-] [351166] Writer thread running {{(pid=351166) stat_writer /usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/dbcounter.py:99}}Found 2 cell mappings.Skipping cell0 since it does not contain hosts.Getting computes from cell 'cell1': 8a767d7e-5999-4b58-9420-87cc3b86e463INFO dbcounter [None req-cb97580d-01ba-4737-9cb0-0247209a7f58 None None] Registered counter for database nova_cell1DEBUG dbcounter [-] [351166] Writer thread running {{(pid=351166) stat_writer /usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/dbcounter.py:99}}Checking host mapping for compute host 'ubuntu2004-121': d73e1fd2-dfd9-4ba1-bc2a-a3df8a85cfa8Creating host mapping for compute host 'ubuntu2004-121': d73e1fd2-dfd9-4ba1-bc2a-a3df8a85cfa8Found 1 unmapped computes in cell: 8a767d7e-5999-4b58-9420-87cc3b86e463

可以看到最后： Found 1 unmapped computes in cell: 8a767d7e-5999-4b58-9420-87cc3b86e463

创建虚拟机实例

如果在 CLI 方式下
~/devstack$ source openrc admin admin

注意这里参数有 2 个 admin ，第二个表示项目名

生成一个键值对还是在命令行执行比较好，直接按照生成一个键值对
```
 $ ssh-keygen -q -N ""$ openstack keypair create --public-key ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub mykey
```
安全规则也可以命令行完成
```
 $ openstack security group rule create --proto icmp default   $ openstack security group rule create --proto tcp --dst-port 22 default
```
dashboard 下继续
过程（略）
结果如下：
测试一下

路由器 ip
$ ping 172.24.4.145

vm-1 :
$ ping 172.24.4.123

$ ssh cirros@172.24.4.123
没有创建并上传键值对时， ssh 需要输入密码

vm-2:
$ ping 172.24.4.20

$ ssh cirros@172.24.4.20
创建并上传键值对后， ssh 不再需要输入密码

后记

是否需要调整外网地址（172.24.4.0/24）？

安装时没有设置 FLOATING_RANGE PUBLIC_INTERFACE=eth1 和 FLOATING_RANGE=192.168.0.0/24 ，所以，devstack 设置的外网地址是172.24.4.0/24
devstack 并不会用于实际部署，所以，改成多少地址，没有什么意义