assertEquals()函数是PHPUnit中的内置函数，用于断言实际获得的值是否等于预期值。如果期望值与实际值相同，则此断言将返回true，否则返回false。如果为真，则通过断言的测试用例，否则测试用例失败。

用法:

assertEquals( mixed $expected, mixed $actual, string $message = '' )

参数：该函数接受三个参数，如上面的语法所示。参数说明如下：

$expected:该参数可以是代表期望数据的任何类型。

$actual:此参数可以是代表实际数据的任何类型。

$message:此参数采用字符串值。当测试用例失败时，此字符串消息将显示为错误消息。

以下程序说明了PHPUnit中的assertEquals()函数：

程序1:

use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;

class GeeksPhpunitTestCase extends TestCase

{

public function testNegativeTestcaseForAssertEquals()

{

$expected = "geeks";

$actual = "Geeks";

// Assert function to test whether expected

// value is equal to actual or not

$this->assertEquals(

$expected,

$actual,

"actual value is not equals to expected"

);

}

}

?>

输出：

PHPUnit 8.2.5 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors.

F 1 / 1 (100%)

Time:64 ms, Memory:10.00 MB

There was 1 failure:

1) GeeksPhpunitTestCase::testNegativeTestcaseForAssertEquals

actual value is not equals to expected

Failed asserting that two strings are equal.

--- Expected

+++ Actual

@@ @@

-'geeks'

+'Geeks'

/home/shivam/Documents/geeks/phpunit/abc.php:15

FAILURES!

Tests:1, Assertions:1, Failures:1.

程序2:

use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;

class GeeksPhpunitTestCase extends TestCase

{

public function testPositiveTestcaseForAssertEquals()

{

$expected = "geeks";

$actual = "geeks";

// Assert function to test whether expected

// value is equal to actual or not

$this->assertEquals(

$expected,

$actual,

"actual value is not equals to expected"

);

}

}

?>

输出：

PHPUnit 8.2.5 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors.

. 1 / 1 (100%)

Time:67 ms, Memory:10.00 MB

OK (1 test, 1 assertion)

注意：要使用phpunit运行测试用例，请遵循此处的步骤。另外，phpunit 7及更高版本支持assertEquals()。