原理

先获取表格第一行表头字符串所在的列下标，循环行数时，可以得到行，进而定位到指定的单元格。

# -*- ecoding: utf-8 -*-
# @ModuleName: test001
# @Function:
# @Author: darling
# @Time: 2022-04-12 15:52
import datetimeimport openpyxldef get_data_batch(columnHeaders):file_name = './excel.xlsx'workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(file_name)# 获取当前活动的sheet页对象sheet = workbook.active# 获取指定的sheet页对象sheet2 = workbook["Sheet1"]# df=sheet2.# 按行保存单元格值((1,2,3),(4,5,6),(7,8,9))valuesByRow = tuple(sheet2.values)# 第一行，也就是表头firstRow = valuesByRow[0]# 空字典，收集指定表头对应的下标cellValueList = {}for columnHeader in columnHeaders:for i, v in enumerate(firstRow):if v == columnHeader:cellValueList[columnHeader] = ibreak# 循环表格进行业务处理for row in valuesByRow[1:]:inventoryId = row[cellValueList.get('库存ID')]toLot = row[cellValueList.get('到批号')]toManufactureDate = row[cellValueList.get('到生产日期')]if inventoryId is None or inventoryId == '':continue# 处理时间类型，如果是datetime类型，则进行转类型处理if isinstance(toManufactureDate, datetime.datetime):toManufactureDate = str(toManufactureDate.date())if __name__ == "__main__":# 获取数据get_data_batch(['库存ID','到批号', '到生产日期'])

以上是基于下面的方法进行改造，共勉之

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
第一种方法
"""
from openpyxl import load_workbookwb = load_workbook(filename='./excel.xlsx', data_only=True)
sheet = wb[wb.sheetnames[0]]
minRow = sheet.min_row  # 最小行
maxRow = sheet.max_row  # 最大行
minCol = sheet.min_column  # 最小列
maxCol = sheet.max_column  # 最大列def read_value_by_column_header(sheet, columnHeader):# 读取第一行数据firstRow = tuple(sheet.rows)[0]# 创建空列表储存数据cellValueList = []# 判断第几列的表头是输入的表头for i, cell in enumerate(firstRow):if cell.value == columnHeader:# tuple(sheet.columns)返回一个元组包含按列排列的Cell对象，# 我们只要指定表头的那一列columns = tuple(sheet.columns)[i]# 取这一列第二个到最后一个cell对象，# 将其value属性(也就是单元格值)append到空列表中for cell in columns[1:]:cellValueList.append(cell.value)breakreturn cellValueList

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
第二种方法
"""
from openpyxl import load_workbookwb = load_workbook(filename='./excel.xlsx', data_only=True)
sheet = wb[wb.sheetnames[0]]def read_value_by_column_header(sheet, columnHeader):# 按行保存单元格值((1,2,3),(4,5,6),(7,8,9))valuesByRow = tuple(sheet.values)# 第一行，也就是表头firstRow = valuesByRow[0]# 空列表cellValueList = []for i, v in enumerate(firstRow):if v == columnHeader:for row in valuesByRow[1:]:cellValueList.append(row[i])breakreturn cellValueList