数据库原理及应用清华大学出版社 96页课后练习题

1、用sql语句创建表

/*创建客户表Customers*/
Create table Customers(
Cid char(4) primary key,
Cname varchar(20) not null,
City varchar(20) not null
)/*创建代理人表Agents*/
Create table Agents(
Aid char(3) primary key,
Aname varchar(20) not null,
City varchar(20) not null
)/*创建产品表Products*/
Create table Products(
Pid char(3) primary key,
Pname varchar(20) not null,
Quantity int,
Price decimal(6,2)
)/*创建订单表Orders*/
Create table Orders(
Ord_no char(4) primary key,
Month smallint not null,
Cid char(4) foreign key references Customers(Cid),
Aid char(3) foreign key references Agents(Aid),
Pid char(3) foreign key references Products(Pid),
Qty int,
Amount decimal(6,2)
)insert into Customers(Cid,Cname,City)
values('C001','詹三','杭州');insert into Customers(Cid,Cname,City)
values('C002','王勇','上海');insert into Customers(Cid,Cname,City)
values('C003','李晓红','上海');insert into Customers(Cid,Cname,City)
values('C004','赵子凡','杭州');insert into Customers(Cid,Cname,City)
values('C006','钱立','南京');insert into Agents(Aid,Aname,City)
values('A01','赵龙','北京');
insert into Agents(Aid,Aname,City)
values('A02','张建国','深圳');
insert into Agents(Aid,Aname,City)
values('A03','李林','广州');
insert into Agents(Aid,Aname,City)
values('A04','陈娟','北京');
insert into Agents(Aid,Aname,City)
values('A05','林子','杭州');
insert into Agents(Aid,Aname,City)
values('A06','吴文俊','上海');insert into Products(Pid,Pname,Quantity,Price)
values('P01','笔袋',111400,5.50);
insert into Products(Pid,Pname,Quantity,Price)
values('P02','尺子',203000,0.50);
insert into Products(Pid,Pname,Quantity,Price)
values('P03','橡皮',150600,0.50);
insert into Products(Pid,Pname,Quantity,Price)
values('P04','水笔',125300,1.00);
insert into Products(Pid,Pname,Quantity,Price)
values('P05','铅笔',221400,1.00);
insert into Products(Pid,Pname,Quantity,Price)
values('P06','涂改液',123100,2.00);
insert into Products(Pid,Pname,Quantity,Price)
values('P07','水彩笔',100500,1.00);insert into Orders(Ord_no,Month,Cid,Aid,Pid,Qty,Amount)
values('1011',1,'C001','A01','P01',1000,5500.00);insert into Orders(Ord_no,Month,Cid,Aid,Pid,Qty,Amount)
values('1012',2,'C001','A01','P01',1000,5500.00);insert into Orders(Ord_no,Month,Cid,Aid,Pid,Qty,Amount)
values('1019',2,'C001','A02','P02',400,200.00);insert into Orders(Ord_no,Month,Cid,Aid,Pid,Qty,Amount)
values('1017',2,'C001','A06','P03',600,300.00);insert into Orders(Ord_no,Month,Cid,Aid,Pid,Qty,Amount)
values('1018',2,'C001','A03','P04',600,600.00);insert into Orders(Ord_no,Month,Cid,Aid,Pid,Qty,Amount)
values('1023',3,'C001','A04','P05',500,500.00);insert into Orders(Ord_no,Month,Cid,Aid,Pid,Qty,Amount)
values('1022',3,'C001','A05','P06',400,800.00);insert into Orders(Ord_no,Month,Cid,Aid,Pid,Qty,Amount)
values('1025',4,'C001','A05','P07',800,800.00);insert into Orders(Ord_no,Month,Cid,Aid,Pid,Qty,Amount)
values('1013',1,'C002','A03','P03',1000,500.00);insert into Orders(Ord_no,Month,Cid,Aid,Pid,Qty,Amount)
values('1026',5,'C002','A05','P03',800,400.00);insert into Orders(Ord_no,Month,Cid,Aid,Pid,Qty,Amount)
values('1015',1,'C003','A03','P05',1200,1200.00);insert into Orders(Ord_no,Month,Cid,Aid,Pid,Qty,Amount)
values('1014',3,'C003','A03','P05',1200,1200.00);insert into Orders(Ord_no,Month,Cid,Aid,Pid,Qty,Amount)
values('1021',2,'C004','A06','P01',1000,5500.00);insert into Orders(Ord_no,Month,Cid,Aid,Pid,Qty,Amount)
values('1016',1,'C006','A01','P01',1000,5500.00);insert into Orders(Ord_no,Month,Cid,Aid,Pid,Qty,Amount)
values('1020',2,'C006','A03','P07',600,600.00);insert into Orders(Ord_no,Month,Cid,Aid,Pid,Qty,Amount)
values('1024',3,'C006','A06','P01',800,4400.00);

2、（1）查询订单数量在500-800的订单数量

select * from orders
where qty between 500 and 800;

（2）查询产品名称中含有“水”字的产品名称与单价。

select pname,price from products
where pname like '%水%';

（3）查询每个月的订单数、总订货数量以及总金额，要求赋予别名，并按月份降序排列。

select month,count(*)订单数,sum(qty)总订货数量,sum(amount)总金额  from orders
group by month
order by month desc ;

（4）查询姓王且名字为两个字的客户在1月份的订单情况，并按订货数量降序排列。
嵌套查询完成：

select * from orders
where cid in (select cid from customerswhere cname like '王_') and month=1
order by qty desc ;

连接查询完成：

select orders.* from orders,customers
where orders.Cid=Customers.cid and cname like '王_' and month=1
order by qty desc ;

（5）查询上海客户总订货数量超过2000的订货月份。

select month from orders
where cid in (select cid from customerswhere city ='上海')group by month having sum(qty)>2000;

（6）查询每个产品的产品编号、产品名称、总订货数量以及总金额。

select orders.pid,pname,sum(qty),sum(amount) from orders,products
where orders.pid=products.pid
group by Orders.pid,pname;

（7）查询没有通过北京的代理订购笔袋的客户编号与客户名称。

select distinct orders.cid,cname from orders,Customers,Agents,Products
where Customers.Cid=Orders.Cid and Agents.Aid=Orders.Aid and Products.pid=Orders.pidand agents.city !='北京' and pname!='笔袋';

或

select distinct orders.cid,cname from orders,Customers
where Customers.Cid=Orders.cid and aid not in(select aid from agents where city='北京')and pid not in(select pid from Products where pname='笔袋');

（8）查询这样的订单号，该订单的订货数量大于3月份所有订单的订货数量。
使用带All谓词的子查询

select Ord_no  from orders
where month <> 3 and qty > all(select qty from Orders where month='3');

使用聚集函数

select Ord_no  from orders
where month <> 3 and qty > (select max(qty) from Orders where month='3');

（9）向产品表中增加一个产品，名称为粉笔，编号为p20,单价为1.5，销售数量为25000

insert into products
values('P20','粉笔',25000,1.5);

（10）将所有单价大于1.00的产品单价增加10%

update Products
set Price=Price*1.1
where Price>1.00;

（11）将所有由上海代理商代理的笔袋的订货数量改为2000

update orders
set qty=2000
where aid in (select aid from Agents where city='上海')and pid in(select pid from products where pname='笔袋');

（12）将由A06供给C006的产品P01改为由A05供应，请做必要的修改。

update orders
set aid='A05'
where aid='A06' and pid='P01' and cid='C006' ;

（13）从客户关系中删除C006记录，并从供应情况中删除相应的记录。

delete from orders
where Cid='C006';
go
delete from Customers
where Cid='C006';

（14）删除3月份订购尺子的所有订单情况。

delete from orders
where pid in (select pid from Products where pname='尺子') and month=3;

（15）为上海的客户建立一个代理情况视图，包括代理人姓名，产品名称以及产品单价。

create view v_agent(代理人姓名,产品名称,产品单价)
as select Aname,pname,price
from Agents a,Products p,Orders o,Customers c
where c.city='上海' and a.aid=o.aid and p.pid=o.pid and c.cid=o.cid;

（16）创建一个视图，要求包含单价大于1.00的所有产品的产品名称、总订货数量以及总金额。

create view s1(产品名称,总订货数量,总金额)
as select pname,sum(qty),sum(amount)
from products,orders
where products.pid = orders.pid and price>1.00
group by pname;

感悟：在查询语句中，使用的最多的就是连接查询与嵌套查询，个人跟喜欢连接查询，因为结构化特征更明显，但也有不适用的时候，比如例7，当涉及的表太多时，结构化查询就显得麻烦，不如连接查询。exists和not exists很少很少使用，因为可以用别的语句替换，反而降低了出错概率，了解用法即可。注意：聚集函数要给出分类依据，及group by，今天有好几处查询少了group by。