网络设备之DHCP配置(思科、华为、华三)
2024-05-06 22:11:01
1 拓扑图
本例子dhcp server由路由器或者三层交换机担任，S1为三层交换机本身不提供dhcp服务，dhcp中继转发到dhcp server将地址分配给PC机，思科的PC由路由器模拟。
2 思科配置
S1:
service dhcp # dhcp中继转发也必须启用dhcp
interface FastEthernet0/1description Connect to PC1switchport access vlan 2
!
interface FastEthernet0/2description Connect to PC2switchport access vlan 3
!
interface FastEthernet0/3description Connect to DHCP Serverno switchportip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.252
!
interface Vlan2ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0ip helper-address 10.10.10.2 # dhcp中继转发
!
interface Vlan3ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0ip helper-address 10.10.10.2
!
dhcp-server:
service dhcp
ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.99 # 不在分配的范围
ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.99 # 不在分配的范围
!
ip dhcp pool vlan2 # vlan2 dhcp poolnetwork 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0default-router 192.168.1.1 dns-server 192.168.2.1
!
ip dhcp pool vlan3 # vlan3 dhcp poolnetwork 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0default-router 192.168.2.1 dns-server 192.168.2.1
!
ip dhcp pool vlan3-allen # 根据特殊的mac地址获取到特别的地址，需要独立写一个poolhost 192.168.2.177 255.255.255.0client-identifier 01cc.0023.b800.00 #01+mac地址
interface FastEthernet0/0description Connect to S1ip address 10.10.10.2 255.255.255.252speed 100full-duplex
!
pc1/pc2:
interface FastEthernet0/0ip address dhcpspeed 100full-duplex
pc正常获取到地址:
*Mar 1 00:08:40.463: %DHCP-6-ADDRESS_ASSIGN: Interface FastEthernet0/0 assigned DHCP address 192.168.2.101, mask 255.255.255.0, hostname R2
pc获取到地址：
R1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static routeo - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is 192.168.1.1 to network 0.0.0.010.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 10.10.10.2 [254/0] via 192.168.1.1, FastEthernet0/0
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
S* 0.0.0.0/0 [254/0] via 192.168.1.1
R1#show ip cef
Prefix Next Hop Interface
0.0.0.0/0 192.168.1.1 FastEthernet0/0
0.0.0.0/32 receive
10.10.10.2/32 192.168.1.1 FastEthernet0/0
192.168.1.0/24 attached FastEthernet0/0
192.168.1.0/32 receive
192.168.1.1/32 192.168.1.1 FastEthernet0/0
192.168.1.100/32 receive
192.168.1.255/32 receive
224.0.0.0/4 drop
224.0.0.0/24 receive
255.255.255.255/32 receive
dhcp-server查看 dhcp分配情况：
show ip dhcp binding
dhcp-server 清除dhcp客户端地址：
clear ip dhcp binding 192.168.1.2
3 华为配置
S1:
sysname S1
vlan batch 2 to 3 1001
dhcp enable
#interface Vlanif2ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0dhcp select relaydhcp relay server-ip 10.10.10.2
#
interface Vlanif3ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0dhcp select relaydhcp relay server-ip 10.10.10.2
#
interface Vlanif1001ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.252
#interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1description Connect to dhcp-serverport link-type accessport default vlan 1001
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 description Connect to PC1port link-type accessport default vlan 2
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3description Connect to PC2port link-type accessport default vlan 3
#dhcp-server:
dhcp enable
#
ip pool vlan2gateway-list 192.168.1.1network 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0excluded-ip-address 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.11dns-list 114.114.114.114
#
ip pool vlan3gateway-list 192.168.2.1 network 192.168.2.0 mask 255.255.255.0excluded-ip-address 192.168.2.2 192.168.2.11static-bind ip-address 192.168.2.177 mac-address 5489-9852-58d5dns-list 114.114.114.114
#
interface Vlanif1001ip address 10.10.10.2 255.255.255.252dhcp select global #华为一定要配置global或者interface,中继一般是global
#
interface MEth0/0/1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1port link-type access port default vlan 1001
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.10.10.1
p1/p2:
dhcp-server查看 dhcp分配情况：
<dhcp-server>display ip pool name vlan2 used Pool-name : vlan2Pool-No : 0Lease : 1 Days 0 Hours 0 MinutesDomain-name : -DNS-server0 : 114.114.114.114 NBNS-server0 : - Netbios-type : - Position : Local Status : UnlockedGateway-0 : 192.168.1.1 Mask : 255.255.255.0VPN instance : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------Start End Total Used Idle(Expired) Conflict Disable-----------------------------------------------------------------------------192.168.1.1 192.168.1.254 253 1 242(0) 0 10-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Network section : --------------------------------------------------------------------------Index IP MAC Lease Status --------------------------------------------------------------------------176 192.168.1.177 5489-9817-3b64 714 Used --------------------------------------------------------------------------<dhcp-server>display ip pool name vlan3 used Pool-name : vlan3Pool-No : 1Lease : 1 Days 0 Hours 0 MinutesDomain-name : -DNS-server0 : 114.114.114.114 NBNS-server0 : - Netbios-type : - Position : Local Status : UnlockedGateway-0 : 192.168.2.1 Mask : 255.255.255.0VPN instance : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------Start End Total Used Idle(Expired) Conflict Disable-----------------------------------------------------------------------------192.168.2.1 192.168.2.254 253 1 242(0) 0 10-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Network section : --------------------------------------------------------------------------Index IP MAC Lease Status --------------------------------------------------------------------------176 192.168.2.177 5489-9852-58d5 - Static-bind used--------------------------------------------------------------------------
dhcp-server 清除dhcp客户端地址：
reset ip pool name vlan2 192.168.1.177
4 华三配置
S1:
sysname S1
dhcp enable
vlan 2 to 3
interface Vlan-interface2ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0dhcp select relaydhcp relay server-address 10.10.10.2
#
interface Vlan-interface3ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0dhcp select relaydhcp relay server-address 10.10.10.2
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3port link-mode routedescription Connect to dhcp-servercombo enable fiberip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.252
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1port link-mode bridgedescription Connect to PC1port access vlan 2combo enable copper
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2port link-mode bridgedescription Connect to PC2port access vlan 3combo enable copper
#
dhcp-server:
sysname dhcp-serverdhcp enabledhcp server forbidden-ip 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.11dhcp server forbidden-ip 192.168.2.2 192.168.2.11dhcp server ip-pool vlan2gateway-list 192.168.1.1network 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0dns-list 114.114.114.114
#
dhcp server ip-pool vlan3gateway-list 192.168.2.1network 192.168.2.0 mask 255.255.255.0dns-list 114.114.114.114static-bind ip-address 192.168.2.177 mask 255.255.255.0 hardware-address 840f-becf-0406
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3port link-mode routecombo enable fiberip address 10.10.10.2 255.255.255.252
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 10.10.10.1
pc1/pc2:
dhcp-server查看 dhcp分配情况：
<dhcp-server>display dhcp server ip-in-use
IP address Client identifier/ Lease expiration TypeHardware address
192.168.1.12 0037-6338-352e-3134- Oct 24 16:39:35 2022 Auto(C) 3535-2e30-3230-362d- 4745-302f-302f-31
192.168.2.12 0038-3430-662e-6265- Oct 24 16:29:38 2022 Auto(C) 6366-2e30-3430-362d- 4745-302f-302f-31
192.168.2.177 840f-becf-0406 Oct 24 16:36:47 2022 Static(C)
dhcp-server 清除dhcp客户端地址：
reset dhcp server ip-in-use ip 192.168.2.2
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