xlsxwriter 简单用法

安装

pip install XlsxWriter

或者下载最新版本的，然后安装

tar -zxvf XlsxWriter-1.2.3.tar.gz
cd XlsxWriter-1.2.3
python setup.py install

简单使用例子

# xlsxwriter只可以新建一个excel，不可以读取和更新
# 创建一个workbook 和增加一个worksheet，默认为sheet1...，也可以直接为sheet命名，例如下边的test
workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('data.xlsx')
# 添加 sheet
worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()  # 默认为 Sheet1.
worksheet1 = workbook.add_worksheet("test")  # test
worksheet2 = workbook.add_worksheet()        # 默认为 Sheet3.# 测试数据
expenses = (['Rent', 1000],['Gas',   100],['Food',  300],['Gym',    50],
)# 从首行、首列开始.
row = 0
col = 0# 通过迭代写入数据.
for item, cost in (expenses):worksheet.write(row, col,     item)worksheet.write(row, col + 1, cost)row += 1# 使用公式，例如B列的和.
worksheet.write(row, 0, 'Total')
worksheet.write(row, 1, '=SUM(B1:B4)')# 只有此函数才可以生成excel
workbook.close()

添加格式显示

颜色查看：Working with Colors
详情查看：The Format Class，Workbook Class，Worksheet Class

from datetime import datetime
import xlsxwriterworkbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('Expenses03.xlsx')
worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()# 定义一个红色+黑体的格式.
bold = workbook.add_format({'bold': 1, "color": "red"})# 设置钱数的格式.
money_format = workbook.add_format({'num_format': '$#,##0'})# 设置时间格式.
date_format = workbook.add_format({'num_format': 'mmmm d yyyy'})# 设置列、行宽.
worksheet.set_column(1, 1, 15)
# worksheet.set_row(1, 1, 15)# 定义表头.
worksheet.write('A1', 'Item', bold)
worksheet.write('B1', 'Date', bold)
worksheet.write('C1', 'Cost', bold)# 测试数据.
expenses = (['Rent', '2013-01-13', 1000],['Gas', '2013-01-14', 100],['Food', '2013-01-16', 300],['Gym', '2013-01-20', 50],
)# 初始化行列.
row = 1
col = 0for item, date_str, cost in (expenses):# 转换时间格式.date = datetime.strptime(date_str, "%Y-%m-%d")worksheet.write_string(row, col, item)worksheet.write_datetime(row, col + 1, date, date_format)worksheet.write_number(row, col + 2, cost, money_format)row += 1# 使用公式C2到C5的和.
worksheet.write(row, 0, 'Total', bold)
worksheet.write(row, 2, '=SUM(C2:C5)', money_format)workbook.close()

添加图表

详情查看：Working with Charts，The Chart Class，The Chartsheet Class

import xlsxwriterworkbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('chart.xlsx')
worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()# 创建一个类型为column的图表对象.
chart = workbook.add_chart({'type': 'column'})# Write some data to add to plot on the chart.
data = [[1, 2, 3, 4, 5],[2, 4, 6, 8, 10],[3, 6, 9, 12, 15],
]worksheet.write_column('A1', data[0])
worksheet.write_column('B1', data[1])
worksheet.write_column('C1', data[2])# 配置chart. 添加数据 series.
chart.add_series({'values': '=Sheet1!$A$1:$A$5'})
# chart.add_series({'values': '=Sheet1!$B$1:$B$5'})
# 或者使用一个list添加series（下边），[sheetname, first_row, first_col, last_row, last_col]
chart.add_series({'values': ['Sheet1', 0, 1, 4, 1], 'line': {'color': 'red'}})
chart.add_series({'values': '=Sheet1!$C$1:$C$5'})# 添加标题（图表上边）
chart.set_title({'name': 'Title',
})
# 添加x轴标题
chart.set_x_axis({'name': 'X axis',
})
# 添加y轴标题
chart.set_y_axis({'name': 'y axis',
})
# 图表下边插入数据表
chart.set_table()
# 将表插入到worksheet.
worksheet.insert_chart('A7', chart)
workbook.close()

chart的类型：

area: 区域(填充线)样式表.
bar: 条形图样式(颠倒的直方图).
column: 列样式(柱状图)图表.
line: 线型图表.
pie: 扇形图表.
doughnut: 甜甜圈样式图表.
scatter: 散点样式图表.
stock: 股票样式图表.
radar: 雷达样式图表.

也可以添加子类型，支持的子类型如下：

workbook.add_chart({'type': 'bar', 'subtype': 'stacked'})

area（stacked， percent_stacked）
bar（ stacked，percent_stacked）
column（ stacked，percent_stacked）
scatter（straight_with_markers， straight， smooth_with_markers，smooth）
radar（with_markers，filled）

利用公式

详情参考：Working with Formulas

worksheet.write_formula('A1', '=10*B1 + C1')

添加过滤

详情参考：Working with Autofilters，example

import xlsxwriter
data = [["Region", "Item", "Volume", "Month"],["East", "Apple", 5000, "july"],["west", "Grape", 7000, "December"],["East", "orange", 4000, "October"],["East", "Grape", 7000, "October"],["East", "Apple", 4000, "April"],["East", "Grape", 6000, "February"],["South", "orange", 3000, "November"],["West", "Grape", 2000, "October"],["East", "Apple", 4000, "April"],["North", "Grape", 6000, "February"],]workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('autofilter.xlsx')# 添加不同的sheet.
worksheet1 = workbook.add_worksheet()
worksheet2 = workbook.add_worksheet()
worksheet3 = workbook.add_worksheet()
worksheet4 = workbook.add_worksheet()# header格式.
bold = workbook.add_format({'bold': 1})headers = data[0]
# 添加表头，为每个sheet.
for worksheet in (workbook.worksheets()):# 列宽.worksheet.set_column('A:D', 12)# 行高.worksheet.set_row(0, 20, bold)worksheet.write_row('A1', headers)
worksheet1.autofilter('A1:D51')
# worksheet1.autofilter(0, 0, 10, 3)  # 和上边的作用一样，不同写法.row = 1
for row_data in (data[1:]):worksheet1.write_row(row, 0, row_data)row += 1# ************************sheet2******************************
worksheet2.autofilter(0, 0, 50, 3)
# 添加过滤，Region等于East的
worksheet2.filter_column(0, 'Region == East')# 隐藏其余的.
row = 1
for row_data in (data[1:]):region = row_data[0]if region == 'East':passelse:worksheet2.set_row(row, options={'hidden': True})worksheet2.write_row(row, 0, row_data)row += 1# **********************sheet3***********************
worksheet3.autofilter('A1:D51')
worksheet3.filter_column('A', 'x == East or x == South')
row = 1
for row_data in (data[1:]):region = row_data[0]if region == 'East' or region == 'South':passelse:worksheet3.set_row(row, options={'hidden': True})worksheet3.write_row(row, 0, row_data)row += 1# ********************sheet4 ***********************
worksheet4.autofilter('A1:D51')
worksheet4.filter_column('A', 'x == East')
worksheet4.filter_column('C', 'x > 3000 and x < 8000')
row = 1
for row_data in (data[1:]):region = row_data[0]volume = int(row_data[2])if region == 'East' and volume > 3000 and volume < 8000:passelse:worksheet4.set_row(row, options={'hidden': True})worksheet4.write_row(row, 0, row_data)row += 1
workbook.close()

数据验证

详情参考：Working with Data Validation

条件格式

详情参考：Working with Conditional Formatting

import xlsxwriter
data = [["Region", "Item", "Volume", "Month"],["East", "Apple", 5000, "july"],["west", "Grape", 7000, "December"],["East", "orange", 4000, "October"],["East", "Grape", 7000, "October"],["East", "Apple", 4000, "April"],["East", "Grape", 6000, "February"],["South", "orange", 3000, "November"],["West", "Grape", 2000, "October"],["East", "Apple", 4000, "April"],["North", "Grape", 6000, "February"],]workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('autofilter.xlsx')# 添加不同的sheet.
worksheet1 = workbook.add_worksheet()# header格式.
bold = workbook.add_format({'bold': 1})headers = data[0]
# 列宽.
worksheet1.set_column('A:D', 12)
# 行高.
worksheet1.set_row(0, 20, bold)
worksheet1.write_row('A1', headers)
worksheet1.autofilter('A1:D51')
# worksheet1.autofilter(0, 0, 10, 3)  # 和上边的作用一样，不同写法.row = 1
for row_data in (data[1:]):worksheet1.write_row(row, 0, row_data)row += 1
format1 = workbook.add_format({'bg_color':   '#FFC7CE','font_color': '#9C0006'})
format2 = workbook.add_format({'bg_color':   '#FFEB9C','font_color': '#9C6500'})worksheet1.conditional_format('C2:C10', {'type':     'cell','criteria': '>=','value':    5000,'format':   format1})
worksheet1.conditional_format('C2:C10', {'type':     'cell','criteria': '<=','value':    3000,'format':   format2})workbook.close()

添加表格

详情参考：Working with Worksheet Tables

当处于’constant_memory’ 模式时，Table不可用

import xlsxwriter
data = [['Apples', 10000, 5000, 8000, 6000],['Pears',   2000, 3000, 4000, 5000],['Bananas', 6000, 6000, 6500, 6000],['Oranges',  500,  300,  200,  700]]
workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('tables.xlsx')
worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()
worksheet1 = workbook.add_worksheet()# sheet1
worksheet.set_column('B:G', 12)
formula = r'=SUM(Table1[@[Quarter 1]:[Quarter 4]])'
worksheet.add_table('B3:G7', {'data': data,'columns': [{'header': 'Product'},{'header': 'Quarter 1'},{'header': 'Quarter 2'},{'header': 'Quarter 3'},{'header': 'Quarter 4'},{'header': 'Year', 'formula': formula},]})# sheet 2
options = {'data': data,'total_row': 1,'columns': [{'header': 'Product', 'total_string': 'Totals'},{'header': 'Quarter 1', 'total_function': 'sum'},{'header': 'Quarter 2', 'total_function': 'sum'},{'header': 'Quarter 3', 'total_function': 'sum'},{'header': 'Quarter 4', 'total_function': 'sum'},{'header': 'Year','formula': '=SUM(Table2[@[Quarter 1]:[Quarter 4]])','total_function': 'sum'},]}
# Add a table to the worksheet.
worksheet1.add_table('B3:G8', options)
workbook.close()

pandas 利用xlsxwriter引擎

详情参考：Working with Python Pandas and XlsxWriter

import pandas as pd
# Create a Pandas dataframe from the data.
df = pd.DataFrame({'Data': [10, 20, 30, 20, 15, 30, 45]})
# Create a Pandas Excel writer using XlsxWriter as the engine.
writer = pd.ExcelWriter('pandas_simple.xlsx', engine='xlsxwriter')
# Convert the dataframe to an XlsxWriter Excel object.
df.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet1')
# Close the Pandas Excel writer and output the Excel file.
writer.save()

性能

详情参考：Working with Memory and Performance

参考

https://xlsxwriter.readthedocs.io/examples.html
https://xlsxwriter.readthedocs.io/index.html
https://github.com/jmcnamara/XlsxWriter/tree/master/examples