RPM - Red Hat 的软件管理工具 Rpm是Linux中管理系统软件的。rpm命令可以用来安装、管理、卸载软件包。这里列一些常用的rpm管理命令：

列出说有安装的软件包

#rpm -qa

示例：

[root@localhost]# rpm -qa

xorg-x11-drv-trident-1.3.6-4.el6.x86_64

m17n-contrib-assamese-1.1.10-4.el6_1.1.noarch

wqy-zenhei-fonts-0.9.45-3.el6.noarch

startup-notification-0.10-2.1.el6.x86_64

xml-common-0.6.3-32.el6.noarch

xorg-x11-drv-rendition-4.2.5-2.el6.x86_64

m17n-contrib-hindi-1.1.10-4.el6_1.1.noarch

paktype-tehreer-fonts-2.0-8.el6.noarch

ibus-libs-1.3.4-6.el6.x86_64

mozilla-filesystem-1.9-5.1.el6.x86_64

............

............

查看已安装软件总数

[root@localhost]# rpm -qa|wc -l

1094

查看是否安装某软件包

[root@localhost]# rpm -qa|grep -i mozilla

mozilla-filesystem-1.9-5.1.el6.x86_64

查看安装包的相关信息

[root@localhost]# rpm -qi mozilla-filesystem-1.9-5.1.el6.x86_64

Name : mozilla-filesystem Relocations: (not relocatable)

Version : 1.9 Vendor: CentOS

Release : 5.1.el6 Build Date: Wed 18 Aug 2010 09:14:21 PM IST

Install Date: Thu 28 Mar 2013 01:37:47 PM IST Build Host: c6b3.bsys.dev.centos.org

Group : Applications/Internet Source RPM: mozilla-filesystem-1.9-5.1.el6.src.rpm

Size : 0 License: MPLv1.1

Signature : RSA/8, Sun 03 Jul 2011 10:15:46 AM IST, Key ID 0946fca2c105b9de

Packager : CentOS BuildSystem

Summary : Mozilla filesytem layout

Description :

This package provides some directories required by packages which use

Mozilla technologies such as NPAPI plugins or toolkit extensions.

查看软件包的依赖

[root@localhost]\# which ls

alias ls='ls --color=auto'

/bin/ls

----

[root@localhost]\# rpm -qf /bin/ls

coreutils-8.4-19.el6.x86_64

列出包所有的命令

[root@localhost TAR]# rpm -ql coreutils-8.4-19.el6.x86_64

/bin/arch

/bin/basename

/bin/cat

/bin/chgrp

/bin/chmod

/bin/chown

/bin/cp

/bin/cut

/bin/date

/bin/dd

/bin/df

/bin/echo

安装一个软件包

# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-3.23.57-1.i386.rpm

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:MySQL-client ########################################### [100%]

升级软件

# rpm -Uvh MySQL-client-3.23.57-1.i386.rpm

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:MySQL-client ########################################### [100%]

卸载软件

# rpm -Vf /usr/bin/mysqlaccess

S.5....T c /usr/bin/mysql

列出软件包的依赖关系

# rpm -qRp MySQL-client-3.23.57-1.i386.rpm

/bin/sh

/usr/bin/perl