Centos 系统分区扩容操作指南

Centos 系统分区扩容操作指南

查看现有分区情况

[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME        MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda           8:0    0 557.9G  0 disk
├─sda1        8:1    0   200M  0 part /boot/efi
├─sda2        8:2    0     1G  0 part /boot
└─sda3        8:3    0 506.7G  0 part ├─cl-root 253:0    0 475.6G  0 lvm  /└─cl-swap 253:1    0  31.1G  0 lvm  [SWAP]

从上图可以看出，总共两个磁盘sda和sdb。Sda总共200G是系统盘，实际已经使用了1+49G，也就是还有150G没有分区。sdb数据盘大小是800G。

查询磁盘名称

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l
WARNING: fdisk GPT support is currently new, and therefore in an experimental phase. Use at your own discretion.Disk /dev/sda: 599.0 GB, 598999040000 bytes, 1169920000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk label type: gpt
Disk identifier: 03442826-9FBF-4E8C-8F85-A82E366EAF5C#         Start          End    Size  Type            Name1         2048       411647    200M  EFI System      EFI System Partition2       411648      2508799      1G  Microsoft basic 3      2508800   1065076735  506.7G  Linux LVM       Disk /dev/mapper/cl-root: 510.7 GB, 510669094912 bytes, 997400576 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytesDisk /dev/mapper/cl-swap: 33.4 GB, 33353105408 bytes, 65142784 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes

继续分区剩余磁盘

请按照下面的操作步骤执行。

[root@host-173-84-57-3 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdaWelcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.Be careful before using the write command.Command (m for help): mCommand actiona   toggle a bootable flagb   edit bsd disklabelc   toggle the dos compatibility flagd   delete a partitiong   create a new empty GPT partition tableG   create an IRIX (SGI) partition tablel   list known partition typesm   print this menun   add a new partitiono   create a new empty DOS partition tablep   print the partition tableq   quit without saving changess   create a new empty Sun disklabelt   change a partition's system idu   change display/entry unitsv   verify the partition tablew   write table to disk and exitx   extra functionality (experts only)Command (m for help): nPartition type:p   primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)e   extendedSelect (default p): pPartition number (3,4, default 3):First sector (104857600-419430399, default 104857600):Using default value 104857600Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (104857600-419430399, default 419430399):Using default value 419430399Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 150 GiB is setCommand (m for help): tPartition number (1-3, default 3):Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8eChanged type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'Command (m for help): pDisk /dev/sda: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes, 419430400 sectorsUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk label type: dosDisk identifier: 0x000b804dDevice Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System/dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux/dev/sda2         2099200   104857599    51379200   8e  Linux LVM/dev/sda3       104857600   419430399   157286400   8e  Linux LVMCommand (m for help): wThe partition table has been altered!Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used atthe next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)Syncing disks.

查看新增分区

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l
WARNING: fdisk GPT support is currently new, and therefore in an experimental phase. Use at your own discretion.Disk /dev/sda: 599.0 GB, 598999040000 bytes, 1169920000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk label type: gpt
Disk identifier: 03442826-9FBF-4E8C-8F85-A82E366EAF5C#         Start          End    Size  Type            Name1         2048       411647    200M  EFI System      EFI System Partition2       411648      2508799      1G  Microsoft basic 3      2508800   1065076735  506.7G  Linux LVM       Disk /dev/mapper/cl-root: 510.7 GB, 510669094912 bytes, 997400576 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytesDisk /dev/mapper/cl-swap: 33.4 GB, 33353105408 bytes, 65142784 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes

重启虚拟机：reboot

创建物理卷

[root@host-173-84-57-3 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda3Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created.可以通过下面命令查看物理卷：[root@host-173-84-57-3 ~]# pvdisplay--- Physical volume ---PV Name               /dev/sda2VG Name               clPV Size               49.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiBAllocatable           yes (but full)PE Size               4.00 MiBTotal PE              12543Free PE               0Allocated PE          12543PV UUID               2P0itU-F3nK-fcbJ-DY8G-GULd-c3DH-eO4COe"/dev/sda3" is a new physical volume of "150.00 GiB"--- NEW Physical volume ---PV Name               /dev/sda3VG NamePV Size               150.00 GiBAllocatable           NOPE Size               0Total PE              0Free PE               0Allocated PE          0PV UUID               o8zfwf-Fpr3-ZB36-Qknr-c3Mn-83Ml-BQ2G9D

扩容卷组
先查看现有卷组名称

将物理卷添加到cl卷组中，并查看扩容结果。
扩容逻辑卷
首先查看现有逻辑卷

需要扩容到/dev/cl/root，目前普遍是这个目录满了。

执行扩容逻辑卷命令。

[root@host-173-82-57-33 ~]# lvextend -L +149G /dev/cl/root

Insufficient free space: 38400 extents needed, but only 38399 available

注意：扩容150G会发现差一点，统一写149G就可以了。如果系统盘是100G，那就填49G.
扩大文件系统
确认结果

从上图可以看出原有分区已经扩容完成。

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