C# 读取Excel方法

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;

namespace 怡心爬虫工具
{
public class ExcelOptions
{
private Stopwatch wath = new Stopwatch();

/// <summary>
/// 使用COM读取Excel
/// </summary>
/// <param name="excelFilePath">路径</param>
/// <returns>DataTabel</returns>
public System.Data.DataTable GetExcelData(string excelFilePath)
{
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application app = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Sheets sheets;
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook workbook = null;
object oMissiong = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
System.Data.DataTable dt = new System.Data.DataTable();

wath.Start();

try
{
if (app == null)
{
return null;
}

workbook = app.Workbooks.Open(excelFilePath, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong);

//将数据读入到DataTable中——Start

sheets = workbook.Worksheets;
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)sheets.get_Item(1);//读取第一张表
if (worksheet == null)
return null;

string cellContent;
int iRowCount = worksheet.UsedRange.Rows.Count;
int iColCount = worksheet.UsedRange.Columns.Count;
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range range;

//负责列头Start
DataColumn dc;
int ColumnID = 1;
range = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[1, 1];
while (range.Text.ToString().Trim() != "")
{
dc = new DataColumn();
dc.DataType = System.Type.GetType("System.String");
dc.ColumnName = range.Text.ToString().Trim();
dt.Columns.Add(dc);

range = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[1, ++ColumnID];
}
//End

for (int iRow = 2; iRow <= iRowCount; iRow++)
{
DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();

for (int iCol = 1; iCol <= iColCount; iCol++)
{
range = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[iRow, iCol];

cellContent = (range.Value2 == null) ? "" : range.Text.ToString();

//if (iRow == 1)
//{
// dt.Columns.Add(cellContent);
//}
//else
//{
dr[iCol - 1] = cellContent;
//}
}

//if (iRow != 1)
dt.Rows.Add(dr);
}

wath.Stop();
TimeSpan ts = wath.Elapsed;

//将数据读入到DataTable中——End
return dt;
}
catch
{

return null;
}
finally
{
workbook.Close(false, oMissiong, oMissiong);
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(workbook);
workbook = null;
app.Workbooks.Close();
app.Quit();
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(app);
app = null;
GC.Collect();
GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();
}
}

/// <summary>
/// 使用COM，多线程读取Excel（1 主线程、4 副线程）
/// </summary>
/// <param name="excelFilePath">路径</param>
/// <returns>DataTabel</returns>
public System.Data.DataTable ThreadReadExcel(string excelFilePath)
{
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application app = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Sheets sheets = null;
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook workbook = null;
object oMissiong = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
System.Data.DataTable dt = new System.Data.DataTable();

wath.Start();

try
{
if (app == null)
{
return null;
}

workbook = app.Workbooks.Open(excelFilePath, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong);

//将数据读入到DataTable中——Start
sheets = workbook.Worksheets;
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)sheets.get_Item(1);//读取第一张表
if (worksheet == null)
return null;

string cellContent;
int iRowCount = worksheet.UsedRange.Rows.Count;
int iColCount = worksheet.UsedRange.Columns.Count;
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range range;

//负责列头Start
DataColumn dc;
int ColumnID = 1;
range = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[1, 1];
//while (range.Text.ToString().Trim() != "")
while (iColCount >= ColumnID)
{
dc = new DataColumn();
dc.DataType = System.Type.GetType("System.String");

string strNewColumnName = range.Text.ToString().Trim();
if (strNewColumnName.Length == 0) strNewColumnName = "_1";
//判断列名是否重复
for (int i = 1; i < ColumnID; i++)
{
if (dt.Columns[i - 1].ColumnName == strNewColumnName)
strNewColumnName = strNewColumnName + "_1";
}

dc.ColumnName = strNewColumnName;
dt.Columns.Add(dc);

range = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[1, ++ColumnID];
}
//End

//数据大于500条，使用多进程进行读取数据
if (iRowCount - 1 > 500)
{
//开始多线程读取数据
//新建线程
int b2 = (iRowCount - 1) / 10;
DataTable dt1 = new DataTable("dt1");
dt1 = dt.Clone();
SheetOptions sheet1thread = new SheetOptions(worksheet, iColCount, 2, b2 + 1, dt1);
Thread othread1 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(sheet1thread.SheetToDataTable));
othread1.Start();

//阻塞 1 毫秒，保证第一个读取 dt1
Thread.Sleep(1);

DataTable dt2 = new DataTable("dt2");
dt2 = dt.Clone();
SheetOptions sheet2thread = new SheetOptions(worksheet, iColCount, b2 + 2, b2 * 2 + 1, dt2);
Thread othread2 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(sheet2thread.SheetToDataTable));
othread2.Start();

DataTable dt3 = new DataTable("dt3");
dt3 = dt.Clone();
SheetOptions sheet3thread = new SheetOptions(worksheet, iColCount, b2 * 2 + 2, b2 * 3 + 1, dt3);
Thread othread3 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(sheet3thread.SheetToDataTable));
othread3.Start();

DataTable dt4 = new DataTable("dt4");
dt4 = dt.Clone();
SheetOptions sheet4thread = new SheetOptions(worksheet, iColCount, b2 * 3 + 2, b2 * 4 + 1, dt4);
Thread othread4 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(sheet4thread.SheetToDataTable));
othread4.Start();

//主线程读取剩余数据
for (int iRow = b2 * 4 + 2; iRow <= iRowCount; iRow++)
{
DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
for (int iCol = 1; iCol <= iColCount; iCol++)
{
range = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[iRow, iCol];
cellContent = (range.Value2 == null) ? "" : range.Text.ToString();
dr[iCol - 1] = cellContent;
}
dt.Rows.Add(dr);
}

othread1.Join();
othread2.Join();
othread3.Join();
othread4.Join();

//将多个线程读取出来的数据追加至 dt1 后面
foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
dt1.Rows.Add(dr.ItemArray);
dt.Clear();
dt.Dispose();

foreach (DataRow dr in dt2.Rows)
dt1.Rows.Add(dr.ItemArray);
dt2.Clear();
dt2.Dispose();

foreach (DataRow dr in dt3.Rows)
dt1.Rows.Add(dr.ItemArray);
dt3.Clear();
dt3.Dispose();

foreach (DataRow dr in dt4.Rows)
dt1.Rows.Add(dr.ItemArray);
dt4.Clear();
dt4.Dispose();

return dt1;
}
else
{
for (int iRow = 2; iRow <= iRowCount; iRow++)
{
DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
for (int iCol = 1; iCol <= iColCount; iCol++)
{
range = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[iRow, iCol];
cellContent = (range.Value2 == null) ? "" : range.Text.ToString();
dr[iCol - 1] = cellContent;
}
dt.Rows.Add(dr);
}
}

wath.Stop();
TimeSpan ts = wath.Elapsed;
//将数据读入到DataTable中——End
return dt;
}
catch
{

return null;
}
finally
{
workbook.Close(false, oMissiong, oMissiong);
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(workbook);
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(sheets);
workbook = null;
app.Workbooks.Close();
app.Quit();
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(app);
app = null;
GC.Collect();
GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();

/*
object objmissing = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;

Excel.ApplicationClass application = new ApplicationClass();
Excel.Workbook book = application.Workbooks.Add(objmissing);
Excel.Worksheet sheet = (Excel.Worksheet)book.Worksheets.Add（objmissing,objmissing,objmissing,objmissing);

//操作过程 ^&%&×&……&%&&……

//释放
sheet.SaveAs(path,objmissing,objmissing,objmissing,objmissing,objmissing,objmissing,objmissing,objmissing);
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject((object)sheet);
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject((object)book);
application.Quit();
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject((object)application);
System.GC.Collect();
*/
}
}

/// <summary>
/// 删除Excel行
/// </summary>
/// <param name="excelFilePath">Excel路径</param>
/// <param name="rowStart">开始行</param>
/// <param name="rowEnd">结束行</param>
/// <param name="designationRow">指定行</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string DeleteRows(string excelFilePath, int rowStart, int rowEnd, int designationRow)
{
string result = "";
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application app = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Sheets sheets;
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook workbook = null;
object oMissiong = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
try
{
if (app == null)
{
return "分段读取Excel失败";
}

workbook = app.Workbooks.Open(excelFilePath, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong);
sheets = workbook.Worksheets;
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)sheets.get_Item(1);//读取第一张表
if (worksheet == null)
return result;
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range range;

//先删除指定行，一般为列描述
if (designationRow != -1)
{
range = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)worksheet.Rows[designationRow, oMissiong];
range.Delete(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlDeleteShiftDirection.xlShiftUp);
}
Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
sw.Start();

int i = rowStart;
for (int iRow = rowStart; iRow <= rowEnd; iRow++, i++)
{
range = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)worksheet.Rows[rowStart, oMissiong];
range.Delete(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlDeleteShiftDirection.xlShiftUp);
}

sw.Stop();
TimeSpan ts = sw.Elapsed;
workbook.Save();

//将数据读入到DataTable中——End
return result;
}
catch
{

return "分段读取Excel失败";
}
finally
{
workbook.Close(false, oMissiong, oMissiong);
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(workbook);
workbook = null;
app.Workbooks.Close();
app.Quit();
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(app);
app = null;
GC.Collect();
GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();
}
}

public void ToExcelSheet(DataSet ds, string fileName)
{
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application appExcel = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook workbookData = null;
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheetData;
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range range;
try
{
workbookData = appExcel.Workbooks.Add(System.Reflection.Missing.Value);
appExcel.DisplayAlerts = false;//不显示警告
//xlApp.Visible = true;//excel是否可见
//
//for (int i = workbookData.Worksheets.Count; i > 0; i--)
//{
// Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet oWorksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbookData.Worksheets.get_Item(i);
// oWorksheet.Select();
// oWorksheet.Delete();
//}

for (int k = 0; k < ds.Tables.Count; k++)
{
worksheetData = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbookData.Worksheets.Add(System.Reflection.Missing.Value, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, System.Reflection.Missing.Value);
// testnum--;
if (ds.Tables[k] != null)
{
worksheetData.Name = ds.Tables[k].TableName;
//写入标题
for (int i = 0; i < ds.Tables[k].Columns.Count; i++)
{
worksheetData.Cells[1, i + 1] = ds.Tables[k].Columns[i].ColumnName;
range = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)worksheetData.Cells[1, i + 1];
//range.Interior.ColorIndex = 15;
range.Font.Bold = true;
range.NumberFormatLocal = "@";//文本格式
range.EntireColumn.AutoFit();//自动调整列宽
// range.WrapText = true; //文本自动换行
range.ColumnWidth = 15;
}
//写入数值
for (int r = 0; r < ds.Tables[k].Rows.Count; r++)
{
for (int i = 0; i < ds.Tables[k].Columns.Count; i++)
{
worksheetData.Cells[r + 2, i + 1] = ds.Tables[k].Rows[r][i];
//Range myrange = worksheetData.get_Range(worksheetData.Cells[r + 2, i + 1], worksheetData.Cells[r + 3, i + 2]);
//myrange.NumberFormatLocal = "@";//文本格式
myrange.EntireColumn.AutoFit();//自动调整列宽
myrange.WrapText = true; //文本自动换行
//myrange.ColumnWidth = 15;
}
// rowRead++;
//System.Windows.Forms.Application.DoEvents();
}
}
worksheetData.Columns.EntireColumn.AutoFit();
workbookData.Saved = true;
}
}
catch (Exception ex) { }
finally
{
workbookData.SaveCopyAs(fileName);
workbookData.Close(false, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, System.Reflection.Missing.Value);
appExcel.Quit();
GC.Collect();
}
}

}
class SheetOptions
{
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheet;
int iColCount;
int star;
int end;
System.Data.DataTable dt;
public SheetOptions(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheet, int iColCount, int star, int end, System.Data.DataTable dt)
{
this.worksheet = worksheet;
this.iColCount = iColCount;
this.star = star;
this.end = end;
this.dt = dt;
}

public void SheetToDataTable()
{
string cellContent;
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range range;
for (int iRow = star; iRow <= end; iRow++)
{
System.Data.DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
for (int iCol = 1; iCol <= iColCount; iCol++)
{
range = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[iRow, iCol];
cellContent = (range.Value2 == null) ? "" : range.Text.ToString();
dr[iCol - 1] = cellContent;
}
dt.Rows.Add(dr);
}
}
}
}

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