def dics():# --- 字典 ---- # 创建(由 键值对(key:value) 组成) dics = {1: "a", 2: "b", 3: "c"}dics = dict() # 创建空字典 dics = dict([(1, "a"), (2, "b")]) # (序列)转为字典 (列表序列: dict([[1, "a"], [2, "b"]]); 元组列表: dict(((1, "a"), (2, "b")))) dics = dict(a=1, b=2) # (注: 格式固定, 字母 = 数字, 字母不能加"号) # => {'a': 1, 'b': 2} dics = {chr(x): x for x in range(65, 80)}

# 获取 dics = {1: "a", 2: "b", 3: "c"}strs = dics[1] # 按key取value, 没有对应key时抛异常(注意) strs = dics.get(1) # 按key获取value strs = dics.get(5, -1) # -1 为没有该key的返回 strs = dics.setdefault(50) # 按key取value, key不存在则添加,value为None strs = dics.setdefault(12, -1) # -1为不存在key时,添加的value为-1 {1: 'a', 2: 'b', 3: 'c', 50: None, 12: -1} keys = dics.keys() # 所有key, dict_keys([1, 2, 3, 50, 12]) values = dics.values() # 所有value, dict_values(['a', 'b', 'c', None, -1]) kevaList = dics.items() # 获取(key,value)列表,格式为[(key1, value1), (key2, value2)], dict_items([(1, 'a'), (2, 'b'), (3, 'c'), (50, None), (12, -1)]) dics2 = dics.copy() # 浅拷贝 dics3 = dics.fromkeys(dics) # 根据字典所有key创建新字典,value为None, {1: None, 2: None, 3: None, 50: None, 12: None} dics4 = dics.fromkeys(dics, -1) # -1为创建的新字典,value为-1, {1: -1, 2: -1, 3: -1, 50: -1, 12: -1}

 # 查找 key = min(dics) # 最小键 key = max(dics) # 最大键

# 添加dics.update({4: "d", 5: "f"}) # 添加字典 {1: 'a', 2: 'b', 3: 'c', 50: None, 12: -1, 4: 'd', 5: 'f'}

# 修改dics[1] = "c" # {1: 'c', 2: 'b', 3: 'c', 50: None, 12: -1, 4: 'd', 5: 'f'}

# 删除del dics[1]  # 删除 键1 (注意)dics4.clear() # 清空strs = dics.pop(3) # 删除,返回被删的元素(注意:同key同时删)strs = dics.pop(5, -1) # -1 为没有该key时的返回pul = dics.popitem() # 删除键值对,返回被删的元组(末尾起删)

# 统计length = len(dics) # 字典长度

# 判断boolean = 1 in dics # 该key是否在字典中存在boolean = 1 not in dics # 该key是否不在字典中存在

# 遍历

for key, value in dics.items(): 　　　　print("key:%d value:%s" % (key, value))

# 排序lists = sorted(dics) # 注:返回排序后的键列表