【带钢厚度预测】基于matlab GUI SVM带钢厚度预测【含Matlab源码 173期】

一、获取代码方式

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二、SVM简介

机器学习的一般框架：
训练集 => 提取特征向量 => 结合一定的算法（分类器：比如决策树、KNN）=>得到结果
1 SVM定义
支持向量机（support vector machines，SVM）是一种二分类模型，它将实例的特征向量映射为空间中的一些点，SVM 的目的就是想要画出一条线，以 “最好地” 区分这两类点，以至如果以后有了新的点，这条线也能做出很好的分类。SVM 适合中小型数据样本、非线性、高维的分类问题。

SVM 最早是由 Vladimir N. Vapnik 和 Alexey Ya. Chervonenkis 在1963年提出，目前的版本（soft margin）是由 Corinna Cortes 和 Vapnik 在1993年提出，并在1995年发表。深度学习（2012）出现之前，SVM 被认为机器学习中近十几年来最成功，表现最好的算法。

2 SVM 基本概念
将实例的特征向量（以二维为例）映射为空间中的一些点，如下图的实心点和空心点，它们属于不同的两类。SVM 的目的就是想要画出一条线，以“最好地”区分这两类点，以至如果以后有了新的点，这条线也能做出很好的分类。

Q1：能够画出多少条线对样本点进行区分？
答：线是有无数条可以画的，区别就在于效果好不好，每条线都可以叫做一个划分超平面。比如上面的绿线就不好，蓝线还凑合，红线看起来就比较好。我们所希望找到的这条效果最好的线就是具有 “最大间隔的划分超平面”。

Q2：为什么要叫作“超平面”呢？
答：因为样本的特征很可能是高维的，此时样本空间的划分就不是一条线了。

Q3：画线的标准是什么？/ 什么才叫这条线的效果好？/ 哪里好？
答：SVM 将会寻找可以区分两个类别并且能使间隔（margin）最大的划分超平面。比较好的划分超平面，样本局部扰动时对它的影响最小、产生的分类结果最鲁棒、对未见示例的泛化能力最强。

Q4：间隔（margin）是什么？
答：对于任意一个超平面，其两侧数据点都距离它有一个最小距离（垂直距离），这两个最小距离的和就是间隔。比如下图中两条虚线构成的带状区域就是 margin，虚线是由距离中央实线最近的两个点所确定出来的（也就是由支持向量决定）。但此时 margin 比较小，如果用第二种方式画，margin 明显变大也更接近我们的目标。

Q5：为什么要让 margin 尽量大？
答：因为大 margin 犯错的几率比较小，也就是更鲁棒啦。

Q6：支持向量是什么？
答：从上图可以看出，虚线上的点到划分超平面的距离都是一样的，实际上只有这几个点共同确定了超平面的位置，因此被称作 “支持向量（support vectors）”，“支持向量机” 也是由此来的。

三、部分源代码

function varargout = main(varargin)
% MAIN MATLAB code for main.fig
%      MAIN, by itself, creates a new MAIN or raises the existing
%      singleton*.
%
%      H = MAIN returns the handle to a new MAIN or the handle to
%      the existing singleton*.
%
%      MAIN('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
%      function named CALLBACK in MAIN.M with the given input arguments.
%
%      MAIN('Property','Value',...) creates a new MAIN or raises the
%      existing singleton*.  Starting from the left, property value pairs are
%      applied to the GUI before main_OpeningFcn gets called.  An
%      unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
%      stop.  All inputs are passed to main_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
%      *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu.  Choose "GUI allows only one
%      instance to run (singleton)".
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES% Edit the above text to modify the response to help main% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 24-Apr-2020 08:53:33% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct('gui_Name',       mfilename, ...'gui_Singleton',  gui_Singleton, ...'gui_OpeningFcn', @main_OpeningFcn, ...'gui_OutputFcn',  @main_OutputFcn, ...'gui_LayoutFcn',  [] , ...'gui_Callback',   []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
endif nargout[varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
elsegui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT% --- Executes just before main is made visible.
function main_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin   command line arguments to main (see VARARGIN)% Choose default command line output for main
handles.output = hObject;% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);% UIWAIT makes main wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = main_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% varargout  cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Get default command line output from handles structure
varargout{1} = handles.output;% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.
function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)DataGui% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton2.
function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
TrainNet% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton3.
function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --- If Enable == 'on', executes on mouse press in 5 pixel border.
% --- Otherwise, executes on mouse press in 5 pixel border or over pushbutton1.
function pushbutton1_ButtonDownFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
Predictfunction edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit1 as text
%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit1 as a double% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
endfunction edit2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit2 as text
%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit2 as a double
set( handles.edit2,'FontName','Symbol');% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function edit2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end% --- Executes on key press with focus on edit2 and none of its controls.
function edit2_KeyPressFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  structure with the following fields (see MATLAB.UI.CONTROL.UICONTROL)
%   Key: name of the key that was pressed, in lower case
%   Character: character interpretation of the key(s) that was pressed
%   Modifier: name(s) of the modifier key(s) (i.e., control, shift) pressed
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton9.
function pushbutton9_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton9 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton8.
function pushbutton8_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton8 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton7.
function pushbutton7_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton7 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton13.
function pushbutton13_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton13 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
load userData
temp1=get(handles.edit1,'String');
temp2=get(handles.edit2,'String');
biaoji=0;
for i=1:length(userData.username)if strcmp(userData.username{i},temp1)if strcmp(userData.password{i},temp2)biaoji=1;endend
end
if biaoji==1set(handles.text6,'String','登陆成功');set(handles.pushbutton15,'Enable','on');set(handles.pushbutton16,'Enable','on');
elseset(handles.text6,'String','登陆失败');
end% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton14.
function pushbutton14_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton14 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)set(handles.pushbutton15,'Enable','off');set(handles.pushbutton16,'Enable','off');set(handles.text6,'String','注销成功');% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton15.
function pushbutton15_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton15 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
main('Visible','off');
data_gui1('Visible','on');% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton16.
function pushbutton16_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton16 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
XuiGaiMiMa% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton17.
function pushbutton17_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton17 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
Zhuce

四、运行结果

五、matlab版本及参考文献

1 matlab版本
2019版

2 参考文献
[1] 包子阳,余继周,杨杉.智能优化算法及其MATLAB实例（第2版）[M].电子工业出版社，2016.
[2]张岩,吴水根.MATLAB优化算法源代码[M].清华大学出版社，2017.
[3]周品.MATLAB 神经网络设计与应用[M].清华大学出版社，2013.
[4]陈明.MATLAB神经网络原理与实例精解[M].清华大学出版社，2013.
[5]方清城.MATLAB R2016a神经网络设计与应用28个案例分析[M].清华大学出版社，2018.