JAXB实现xml到bean录入数据库

最近需要做一个接收xml字符串，转化为java对象并录入数据库功能

说一下我的业务，
我是先从rabbitmq中拿到固定格式的字符串形式的xml，且目标数据是在某一个标签中，是一串base64加密的字符串，转换后是对应的字符串形式的xml
所以我需要先将字符串转换为xml对象获取对应的节点（也可以通过java字符串查找截取，但可能比较费事）并再次字符串转换为xml对象，再将xml对象转换为java对象存到数据库中。

引入依赖

<dependency><groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId><artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.activation</groupId><artifactId>activation</artifactId><version>1.1</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.glassfish.jaxb</groupId><artifactId>jaxb-runtime</artifactId></dependency>

难点，我的最终xml解析出来对应的标签比较混乱
准备一个测试xml

<rootEle><title>我是菜鸟</title><sites><site><name>RUNOOB</name><url>www.runoob.com</url></site><site><name>Google</name><url>www.google.com</url></site><site><name>Facebook</name><url>www.facebook.com</url></site></sites><user><name>RUNOOB</name><url>www.runoob.com</url></user><user><name>RUNOOB</name><url>www.runoob.com</url></user><singleEle><name>RUNOOB</name><url>www.runoob.com</url></singleEle>
</rootEle>

这个xml代表了转换时候遇到的几种情况
1 多条用一个总标签给包起来的(sites -> site)
2 多个标签就直接出现在xml中 (user)
3 直接就是唯一的标签（这种最简单直接转换 singleEle）

JAXB 用对象给转换xml对象时，是按照标签层级来一步一步对照的，比如这个sites标签内的site怎么转换成list呢，我们可以多创建一个java对象来对应，这个java对象的根目录注解就是sites 创建这个sites对象，这个对象里面再如法炮制创建list对象

对于第二个直接在我们创建的xml根目录类上面定义list

单独bena 直接定义单独对象好了

上图

再来看一下sites
再看一下 site

对应的话大致就是这样，这里说一句@XmlRootElement 一定要按层级一级一级来，一个类一个这个注解对应一层标签，另外@XmlAccessorType 这个注解也不可少，表明是文件类型，不然会报错，报错还有一种方案是在get方法上加注解，一时忘了是啥注解，你可以百度一下，好了例子举证完，看一下我的项目结构就上代码了

entity 里面是对应的注解文件
tools 是解析文件
调用在test文件因为main执行就可以没有走接口

好了上代码
entity 代码

package com.example.demo.entity;import java.util.List;import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;@XmlRootElement(name = "rootEle")
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
public class XmlTest {@XmlElement(name = "sites")private Sites sites;@XmlElement(name = "user")private List<User> users;@XmlElement(name = "singleEle")private SingleEle singleEle;/*** @return the singleEle*/public SingleEle getSingleEle() {return singleEle;}/*** @param singleEle the singleEle to set*/public void setSingleEle(SingleEle singleEle) {this.singleEle = singleEle;}/*** @return the sites*/public Sites getSites() {return sites;}/*** @param sites the sites to set*/public void setSites(Sites sites) {this.sites = sites;}/*** @return the users*/public List<User> getUsers() {return users;}/*** @param users the users to set*/public void setUsers(List<User> users) {this.users = users;}/*** @return* @see java.lang.Object#toString()*/@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Test [sites=" + sites + ", users=" + users + ", singleEle=" + singleEle + "]";}}

package com.example.demo.entity;import java.util.List;import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;@XmlRootElement(name = "sites")
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
public class Sites {@XmlElement(name = "site")private List<Site> sites;/*** @return* @see java.lang.Object#toString()*/@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Sites [sites=" + sites + "]";}/*** @return the sites*/public List<Site> getSites() {return sites;}/*** @param sites the sites to set*/public void setSites(List<Site> sites) {this.sites = sites;}}

package com.example.demo.entity;import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;@XmlRootElement(name = "site")
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
public class Site {@XmlElement(name = "name")private String name;@XmlElement(name = "url")private String url;/*** @return the name*/public String getName() {return name;}/*** @param name the name to set*/public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}/*** @return the url*/public String getUrl() {return url;}/*** @param url the url to set*/public void setUrl(String url) {this.url = url;}/*** @return* @see java.lang.Object#toString()*/@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Site [name=" + name + ", url=" + url + "]";}}

package com.example.demo.entity;import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;@XmlRootElement(name = "user")
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
public class User {@XmlElement(name = "name")private String name;@XmlElement(name = "url")private String url;/*** @return* @see java.lang.Object#toString()*/@Overridepublic String toString() {return "User [name=" + name + ", url=" + url + "]";}/*** @return the name*/public String getName() {return name;}/*** @param name the name to set*/public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}/*** @return the url*/public String getUrl() {return url;}/*** @param url the url to set*/public void setUrl(String url) {this.url = url;}}

package com.example.demo.entity;import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;@XmlRootElement(name = "singleEle")
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
public class SingleEle {@XmlElement(name = "name")private String name;@XmlElement(name = "url")private String url;/*** @return the name*/public String getName() {return name;}/*** @param name the name to set*/public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}/*** @return the url*/public String getUrl() {return url;}/*** @param url the url to set*/public void setUrl(String url) {this.url = url;}/*** @return* @see java.lang.Object#toString()*/@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Site [name=" + name + ", url=" + url + "]";}}

tools代码

package com.example.demo.tools;import javax.xml.bind.JAXBContext;
import javax.xml.bind.JAXBException;
import javax.xml.bind.Marshaller;
import javax.xml.bind.Unmarshaller;import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;import java.io.StringReader;
import java.io.StringWriter;public class XmlUtils {/*** bean转成xml* @param t :* @return string*/public static <T> String beanToXml(T t){try {JAXBContext context = JAXBContext.newInstance(t.getClass());Marshaller m = context.createMarshaller();StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();m.marshal(t,sw);return sw.toString();} catch (JAXBException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return "";}/*** bean转成xml(泛型使用)* @param t :* @return java.lang.String*/public static <T> String beanToXml(T t, Class c) {try {JAXBContext context = JAXBContext.newInstance(t.getClass(),c);Marshaller m = context.createMarshaller();StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();m.marshal(t,sw);return sw.toString();} catch (JAXBException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return "";}/*** xml 转成 bean* @param xml :* @param t :* @return T*/public static <T> T xmlToBean(String xml, T t) {try {JAXBContext context = JAXBContext.newInstance(t.getClass());Unmarshaller um = context.createUnmarshaller();StringReader sr = new StringReader(xml);t = (T) um.unmarshal(sr);return t;} catch (JAXBException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return null;}/*** xml 转成 bean(泛型使用)* @param t, t* @param xml xml* @param c t]* @return T*/public static <T> T xmlToBean(String xml, T t, Class c){try {JAXBContext context = JAXBContext.newInstance(t.getClass(),c);Unmarshaller um = context.createUnmarshaller();StringReader sr = new StringReader(xml);t = (T) um.unmarshal(sr);return t;} catch (JAXBException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return null;}}

接下来是调用代码

package com.example.demo;import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPath;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathExpressionException;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathFactory;import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;import com.example.demo.entity.XmlTest;
import com.example.demo.tools.XmlUtils;@SpringBootTest
class DemoApplicationTests {@Testvoid contextLoads() {}public static void main(String[] args) {String xml = "<rootEle><title>我是菜鸟</title><sites><site><name>RUNOOB</name><url>www.runoob.com</url></site><site><name>Google</name><url>www.google.com</url></site><site><name>Facebook</name><url>www.facebook.com</url></site></sites><user><name>RUNOOB</name><url>www.runoob.com</url></user><user><name>RUNOOB</name><url>www.runoob.com</url></user><singleEle><name>RUNOOB</name><url>www.runoob.com</url></singleEle></rootEle>";XmlTest test = new XmlTest();Document doc = StringToXml(xml);if (doc == null) {//异常数据处理} String nodePath = "rootEle/title";String nodeValue = getNodeValue(doc, nodePath);if("".equals(nodeValue)) {//异常数据处理}test = XmlUtils.xmlToBean(xml, test,XmlTest.class);System.out.println("xml转成bean格式为：\n" + test);}/**** @param xml形状的str串* @return Document 对象*/public static Document StringToXml(String str) {StringBuilder sXML = new StringBuilder();sXML.append(str);DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();Document doc = null;InputStream is = null;try {is = new ByteArrayInputStream(sXML.toString().getBytes("utf-8"));doc = dbf.newDocumentBuilder().parse(is); } catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {//关闭输入流if (is != null)try {is.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}  }return doc;}/**** @param xml的document 和string 路径* @return String 目标节点的字符串值*/public static String getNodeValue(Document document, String nodePaht) {XPathFactory xpfactory = XPathFactory.newInstance();XPath path = xpfactory.newXPath();String servInitrBrch = "";try {servInitrBrch = path.evaluate(nodePaht, document);} catch (XPathExpressionException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return servInitrBrch;}}

代码完毕，看一下我的执行

到此结束，可能有点长，但我遇到的问题点都分享了，欢迎指正，谢谢。

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