AES加解密之ECB、CBC和CFB三种模式

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.RandomStringUtils;import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;/*** AEC加密工具类* @Date: 2019/11/6 14:05*/
@Slf4j
public class AesUtil {/*** 编码格式*/public static final String ENCODING = "utf-8";/*** 密钥算法*/private static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "AES";public static String encryptCBC(String value, String key) {try {IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(key.getBytes(ENCODING));SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes(ENCODING), KEY_ALGORITHM);Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5PADDING");cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, skeySpec, iv);byte[] encrypted = cipher.doFinal(value.getBytes());return Base64.encodeBase64String(encrypted);} catch (Exception ex) {log.error("encryptCBC error:", ex);}return null;}public static String decryptCBC(String encrypted, String key) {try {IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(key.getBytes(ENCODING));SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes(ENCODING), KEY_ALGORITHM);Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5PADDING");cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, skeySpec, iv);byte[] original = cipher.doFinal(Base64.decodeBase64(encrypted));return new String(original);} catch (Exception ex) {log.error("decryptCBC error:", ex);}return null;}/**** AES加密算法，调用Java自有类库，采用CFB模式密文反馈无填充模式，可以保证数据长度在加密前后是相同的* @paramcontent 待加密内容* @paramkey 密钥* @returnbyte[] 加密结果用byte数组表示**/public static String encryptCFB(String content, String key) {try {Cipher aesECB = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CFB/NoPadding");SecretKeySpec keySpec = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes(ENCODING), KEY_ALGORITHM);IvParameterSpec ivSpec = new IvParameterSpec(key.getBytes(ENCODING));aesECB.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, keySpec, ivSpec);byte[] result = aesECB.doFinal(content.getBytes());return Base64.encodeBase64String(result);} catch (Exception ex) {log.error("encryptCFB error:", ex);}return null;}/**** @paramcontent 待解密内容，字符串形式* @paramkey 解密用的密钥* @return 使用字符串形式返回解密内容* @throws Exception**/public static String decryptCFB(String content, String key) {try {Cipher aesECB = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CFB/NoPadding");SecretKeySpec keySpec = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes(), KEY_ALGORITHM);IvParameterSpec ivSpec = new IvParameterSpec(key.getBytes());aesECB.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, keySpec, ivSpec);byte[] result = aesECB.doFinal(Base64.decodeBase64(content));String AES_decode = new String(result, ENCODING);return AES_decode;} catch (Exception ex) {log.error("decryptCFB error:", ex);}return null;}/*** AES加密* @param source 源字符串* @param key   密钥* @return    加密后的密文* @throws Exception*/public static String encryptECB(String source, String key){try {byte[] sourceBytes = source.getBytes(ENCODING);byte[] keyBytes = key.getBytes(ENCODING);Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding");cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, new SecretKeySpec(keyBytes, KEY_ALGORITHM));byte[] decrypted = cipher.doFinal(sourceBytes);return Base64.encodeBase64String(decrypted);} catch (Exception ex) {log.error("encryptECB error:", ex);}return null;}/*** AES解密* @param encryptStr  加密后的密文* @param key 密钥* @return    源字符串* @throws Exception*/public static String decryptECB(String encryptStr, String key) {try {byte[] sourceBytes = Base64.decodeBase64(encryptStr);byte[] keyBytes = key.getBytes(ENCODING);Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding");cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, new SecretKeySpec(keyBytes, KEY_ALGORITHM));byte[] decoded = cipher.doFinal(sourceBytes);return new String(decoded, ENCODING);} catch (Exception ex) {log.error("decryptECB error:", ex);}return null;}public static final String randomSecretKey() {return RandomStringUtils.randomNumeric(16);}/*** 十六进制转字符串* @param buf* @return*/public static String parseByte2HexStr(byte buf[]) {StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();for (int i = 0; i < buf.length; i++) {String hex = Integer.toHexString(buf[i] & 0xFF);if (hex.length() == 1) {hex = '0' + hex;}sb.append(hex.toUpperCase());}return sb.toString();}/*** 字符串转十六进制* @param hexStr* @return*/public static byte[] parseHexStr2Byte(String hexStr) {if (hexStr.length() < 1) {return null;}byte[] result = new byte[hexStr.length() / 2];for (int i = 0; i < hexStr.length() / 2; i++) {int high = Integer.parseInt(hexStr.substring(i * 2, i * 2 + 1), 16);int low = Integer.parseInt(hexStr.substring(i * 2 + 1, i * 2 + 2), 16);result[i] = (byte) (high * 16 + low);}return result;}public static void main(String[] args) {try {
//            String key = RandomStringUtils.randomNumeric(16);String key = "7618927929652544";String content = "{\"username\":\"1\",\"password\":\"1\"}";String encryptStr = AesUtil.encryptCBC(content,key);log.info("key:{}, encryptStr: {}", key, encryptStr);String decryptStr = AesUtil.decryptCBC(encryptStr,key);System.out.println("decryptStr: "+decryptStr);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}
}

说明：

AES加密后的数据需要转字符串传给服务端，转字符串有两种方式，一种是base64，一种是使用十六进制(Hex),方法中使用的是Base64方式。

Base64方式：编码：Base64.encodeBase64String(result) ；解码：Base64.decodeBase64(content)

Hex方式：转十六进制：parseHexStr2Byte(String hexStr);  转字符串：parseByte2HexStr(byte buf[])

之前在和客户端(使用vue.js) 调试过程中，客户端对加密后的报文转字符串处理方式上有问题。会存在客户端加密，服务端解密失败问题，因此把两种方式都补充了下。

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