Volley,OkHttp,Retrofit网络请求及封装
2024-06-16 11:20:08
目录
一、准备工作
二、Volley
2.1、Get请求
2.2、Post请求
2.3、Volley封装请求
三、OkHttp
3.1、Get请求
3.2、Post请求
3.3、OkHttp封装请求
四、Retrofitt
4.1、Get请求
4.2、Post请求
五、下载地址
一、准备工作
首先准备工作，项目以As为演示，所以直接添加的依赖库，如果使用的是Eclipse，自己可以在网上找对应的jar包。
compile 'com.mcxiaoke.volley:library:1.0.19'
compile "com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.7.0"
compile 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.0.2'
compile 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.0.2'
还有网络权限不要忘记
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
测试接口准备：
public class Const {//参数 num = 手机号public static final String GETURL = "http://route.showapi.com/6-1?num=";public static final String POSTURL = "http://route.showapi.com/6-1";}
二、Volley
使用Volley时需要一个全局的请求队列，这里我们需要做一些准备工作：
1、重写一个MyApplicatin，在Application中声明消息队列
/*** Created by LJZ on 2018/10/8.*/public class MyApplication extends Application {public static RequestQueue queues;//全局消息队列@Overridepublic void onCreate() {super.onCreate();queues = Volley.newRequestQueue(getApplicationContext()); //实例化全局队列}public static RequestQueue getHttpQueues(){return queues;}
}
不要忘了在manifest文件中指定MyApplication
<applicationandroid:name=".MyApplication"...></application>
2.1 Get请求
代码块：
private void VolleyGet() {StringRequest request = new StringRequest(Request.Method.GET, Const.GETURL+telNum, new Response.Listener<String>() {@Overridepublic void onResponse(String response) {Log.e("info","Volley Get请求成功结果"+response);}}, new Response.ErrorListener() {@Overridepublic void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {}});request.setTag("volleyGet");MyApplication.getHttpQueues().add(request);}
最后不要忘记在onStop中取消请求
@Overrideprotected void onStop() {super.onStop();MyApplication.getHttpQueues().cancelAll("volleyGet");}
2.2 Post请求
代码块：
private void VolleyPost() {StringRequest request = new StringRequest(Request.Method.POST, Const.POSTURL, new Response.Listener<String>() {@Overridepublic void onResponse(String response) {Log.e("info","Volley Post请求成功结果"+response);}}, new Response.ErrorListener() {@Overridepublic void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {}}){@Overrideprotected Map<String, String> getParams() throws AuthFailureError {Map<String,String> volleyPostMap = new HashMap<>();volleyPostMap.put("num",telNum);return super.getParams();}};request.setTag("volleyPost");MyApplication.getHttpQueues().add(request);}
最后不要忘记在onStop中取消请求
@Overrideprotected void onStop() {super.onStop();MyApplication.getHttpQueues().cancelAll("volleyPost");}
2.3 Volley封装请求
VolleyInterface.java 请求结果回调
public abstract class VolleyInterface {public Context mContext;public static Response.Listener<String> mListener;public static Response.ErrorListener mErrorListener;public VolleyInterface(Context context, Response.Listener<String> listener, Response.ErrorListener errorListener){this.mContext = context;this.mListener = listener;this.mErrorListener = errorListener;}public abstract void onMySuccess(String result);public abstract void onMyError(VolleyError error);//请求成功的回调方法public Response.Listener<String> loadingListener(){mListener = new Response.Listener<String>() {@Overridepublic void onResponse(String response) {onMySuccess(response);}};return mListener;}//请求失败的回调方法public Response.ErrorListener errorListener(){mErrorListener = new Response.ErrorListener() {@Overridepublic void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {onMyError(error);}};return mErrorListener;}
}VollyRequest.java 请求方法类
public class VolleyRequest {private static StringRequest stringRequest;private static Context context;public static void RequestGet(Context mContext,String url,String tag,VolleyInterface vif){MyApplication.getHttpQueues().cancelAll(tag);stringRequest = new StringRequest(Request.Method.GET,url, vif.loadingListener(),vif.errorListener());stringRequest.setTag(tag);MyApplication.getHttpQueues().add(stringRequest);MyApplication.getHttpQueues().start();}public static void RequestPost(Context mContext, String url, String tag, final Map<String,String> params, VolleyInterface vif){MyApplication.getHttpQueues().cancelAll(tag);stringRequest = new StringRequest(Request.Method.POST,url,vif.loadingListener(),vif.errorListener()){@Overrideprotected Map<String, String> getParams() throws AuthFailureError {return params;}};stringRequest.setTag(tag);MyApplication.getHttpQueues().add(stringRequest);MyApplication.getHttpQueues().start();}}使用
代码块：
VolleyRequest.RequestGet(MainActivity.this, Const.GETURL + telNum, "volleyGet2", new VolleyInterface(this,VolleyInterface.mListener,VolleyInterface.mErrorListener) {@Overridepublic void onMySuccess(String result) {Log.e("info","封装请求Get结果"+result);}@Overridepublic void onMyError(VolleyError error) {}});Map<String,String> postMap = new HashMap<>();postMap.put("num",telNum);VolleyRequest.RequestPost(MainActivity.this, Const.POSTURL, "volleyPost2", postMap, new VolleyInterface(MainActivity.this,VolleyInterface.mListener,VolleyInterface.mErrorListener) {@Overridepublic void onMySuccess(String result) {Log.e("info","封装请求Post结果"+result);}@Overridepublic void onMyError(VolleyError error) {}});
三、Okhttp
3.1 Get请求
代码块：
OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient.Builder().readTimeout(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS) //设置读取数据的时间.build();okhttp3.Request request = new okhttp3.Request.Builder().url(Const.GETURL+telNum).build();Call call = client.newCall(request);call.enqueue(new Callback() {@Overridepublic void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {}@Overridepublic void onResponse(Call call, okhttp3.Response response) throws IOException {Log.e("info","OkHttp get请求成功结果"+response.body().string());}});
3.2 Post请求
代码块：
OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient.Builder().readTimeout(5,TimeUnit.SECONDS).build();RequestBody body = new FormBody.Builder().add("num",telNum).build();okhttp3.Request request = new okhttp3.Request.Builder().url(Const.POSTURL).post(body).build();Call call = client.newCall(request);call.enqueue(new Callback() {@Overridepublic void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {}@Overridepublic void onResponse(Call call, okhttp3.Response response) throws IOException {Log.e("info","OkHttp Post请求成功结果"+response.body().string());}});
3.3 OkHttp封装请求
OkHttpManager.java这是网上一个大神封装好的类，可以直接用
/*** Created by 若兰 on 2016/1/23.* csdn:http://blog.csdn.net/wuyinlei*/
public class OkHttpManager {private final String TAG = OkHttpManager.class.getSimpleName();private final String NETWORK_FAILURE = "联网失败，请检查网络设置!";/*** 静态实例*/private static OkHttpManager sOkHttpManager;/*** okhttpclient实例*/private OkHttpClient mClient;/*** 因为我们请求数据一般都是子线程中请求，在这里我们使用了handler*/private Handler mHandler;/*** 构造方法*/private OkHttpManager() {mClient = new OkHttpClient();/*** 在这里直接设置连接超时.读取超时，写入超时*/mClient.newBuilder().connectTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);mClient.newBuilder().readTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);mClient.newBuilder().writeTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);/*** 如果是用的3.0之前的版本 使用以下直接设置连接超时.读取超时，写入超时*/// client.setConnectTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);// client.setWriteTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);// client.setReadTimeout(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);/*** 初始化handler*/mHandler = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());}/*** 单例模式 获取OkHttpManager实例* * @return*/public static OkHttpManager getInstance() {if (sOkHttpManager == null) {sOkHttpManager = new OkHttpManager();}return sOkHttpManager;}/** 判断是否已经连接网络* * @param context* * @return*/public boolean isNetWorkAvailable(Context context) {ConnectivityManager mConnectivityManager = (ConnectivityManager) context.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);NetworkInfo mNetworkInfo = mConnectivityManager.getActiveNetworkInfo();if (mNetworkInfo != null && mNetworkInfo.isAvailable()) {return true;}return false;}/*** 打开网络设置界面* * @param activity*/public void openSettings(Activity activity) {if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT > 13) {// 3.2以上打开设置界面，也可以直接用ACTION_WIRELESS_SETTINGS打开到wifi界面activity.startActivity(new Intent(android.provider.Settings.ACTION_SETTINGS));} else {activity.startActivity(new Intent(android.provider.Settings.ACTION_WIRELESS_SETTINGS));}}// -------------------------同步的方式请求数据--------------------------/*** 对外提供的get方法,同步的方式* * @param url* 传入的地址* @return*/public static Response getSync(String url) {// 通过获取到的实例来调用内部方法return getInstance().inner_getSync(url);}/*** GET方式请求的内部逻辑处理方式，同步的方式* * @param url* @return*/private Response inner_getSync(String url) {Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build();Response response = null;try {// 同步请求返回的是response对象response = mClient.newCall(request).execute();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return response;}/*** 对外提供的同步获取String的方法* * @param url* @return*/public static String getSyncString(String url) {return getInstance().inner_getSyncString(url);}/*** 同步方法*/private String inner_getSyncString(String url) {String result = null;try {/*** 把取得到的结果转为字符串，这里最好用string()*/result = inner_getSync(url).body().string();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return result;}// -------------------------异步的方式请求数据--------------------------public static void getAsync(String url, DataCallBack callBack) {getInstance().inner_getAsync(url, callBack);}/*** 内部逻辑请求的方法* * @param url* @param callBack* @return*/private void inner_getAsync(String url, final DataCallBack callBack) {final Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build();mClient.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {@Overridepublic void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {deliverDataFailure(request, e, callBack);}@Overridepublic void onResponse(Call call, Response response)throws IOException {String result = null;try {result = response.body().string();} catch (IOException e) {deliverDataFailure(request, e, callBack);}deliverDataSuccess(result, callBack);}});}/*** 分发失败的时候调用* * @param request* @param e* @param callBack*/private void deliverDataFailure(final Request request, final IOException e,final DataCallBack callBack) {/*** 在这里使用异步处理*/mHandler.post(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {if (callBack != null) {callBack.requestFailure(request, e, NETWORK_FAILURE);}}});}/*** 分发成功的时候调用* * @param result* @param callBack*/private void deliverDataSuccess(final String result,final DataCallBack callBack) {/*** 在这里使用异步线程处理*/mHandler.post(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {if (callBack != null) {try {callBack.requestSuccess(result);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}});}/*** 数据回调接口*/public interface DataCallBack {String requestSuccess(String result);void requestFailure(Request request, IOException e, String failStr);}// -------------------------提交表单--------------------------public static void postAsync(String url, Map<String, String> params,DataCallBack callBack) {getInstance().inner_postAsync(url, params, callBack);}private void inner_postAsync(String url, Map<String, String> params,final DataCallBack callBack) {RequestBody requestBody = null;if (params == null) {params = new HashMap<String, String>();}/*** 如果是3.0之前版本的，构建表单数据是下面的一句*/// FormEncodingBuilder builder = new FormEncodingBuilder();/*** 3.0之后版本*/FormBody.Builder builder = new FormBody.Builder();/*** 在这对添加的参数进行遍历，map遍历有四种方式，如果想要了解的可以网上查找*/for (Map.Entry<String, String> map : params.entrySet()) {String key = map.getKey().toString();String value = null;/*** 判断值是否是空的*/if (map.getValue() == null) {value = "";} else {value = map.getValue();}/*** 把key和value添加到formbody中*/builder.add(key, value);}requestBody = builder.build();// 结果返回final Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).post(requestBody).build();mClient.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {@Overridepublic void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {deliverDataFailure(request, e, callBack);}@Overridepublic void onResponse(Call call, Response response)throws IOException {String result = response.body().string();deliverDataSuccess(result, callBack);}});}// -------------------------文件下载--------------------------public static void downloadAsync(String url, String desDir,DataCallBack callBack) {getInstance().inner_downloadAsync(url, desDir, callBack);}/*** 下载文件的内部逻辑处理类* * @param url* 下载地址* @param desDir* 目标地址* @param callBack*/private void inner_downloadAsync(final String url, final String desDir,final DataCallBack callBack) {final Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build();mClient.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {@Overridepublic void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {deliverDataFailure(request, e, callBack);}@Overridepublic void onResponse(Call call, Response response)throws IOException {/*** 在这里进行文件的下载处理*/InputStream inputStream = null;FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = null;try {// 文件名和目标地址File file = new File(desDir, getFileName(url));// 把请求回来的response对象装换为字节流inputStream = response.body().byteStream();fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);int len = 0;byte[] bytes = new byte[2048];// 循环读取数据while ((len = inputStream.read(bytes)) != -1) {fileOutputStream.write(bytes, 0, len);}// 关闭文件输出流fileOutputStream.flush();// 调用分发数据成功的方法deliverDataSuccess(file.getAbsolutePath(), callBack);} catch (IOException e) {// 如果失败，调用此方法deliverDataFailure(request, e, callBack);e.printStackTrace();} finally {if (inputStream != null) {inputStream.close();}if (fileOutputStream != null) {fileOutputStream.close();}}}});}/*** 根据文件url获取文件的路径名字* * @param url* @return*/private String getFileName(String url) {int separatorIndex = url.lastIndexOf("/");String path = (separatorIndex < 0) ? url : url.substring(separatorIndex + 1, url.length());return path;}/*** 上传图片* * @param url* @return*/public static void postAsyn(String url, DataCallBack callback, File file,String fileKey, Param... params) throws IOException {getInstance()._postAsyn(url, callback, file, fileKey, params);}/*** 异步基于post的文件上传，单文件且携带其他form参数上传* * @param url* @param callback* @param file* @param fileKey* @param params* @throws IOException*/private void _postAsyn(String url, DataCallBack callback, File file,String fileKey, Param... params) throws IOException {Request request = buildMultipartFormRequest(url, new File[] { file },new String[] { fileKey }, params);deliveryResult(callback, request);}private Request buildMultipartFormRequest(String url, File[] files,String[] fileKeys, Param[] params) {params = validateParam(params);MultipartBody.Builder builder = new MultipartBody.Builder().setType(MultipartBody.FORM);for (Param param : params) {builder.addPart(Headers.of("Content-Disposition", "form-data; name=\""+ param.key + "\""),RequestBody.create(null, param.value));}if (files != null) {RequestBody fileBody = null;for (int i = 0; i < files.length; i++) {File file = files[i];String fileName = file.getName();fileBody = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse(guessMimeType(fileName)), file);builder.addPart(Headers.of("Content-Disposition", "form-data; name=\""+ fileKeys[i] + "\"; filename=\"" + fileName+ "\""), fileBody);}}RequestBody requestBody = builder.build();return new Request.Builder().url(url).post(requestBody).build();}private String guessMimeType(String path) {FileNameMap fileNameMap = URLConnection.getFileNameMap();String contentTypeFor = fileNameMap.getContentTypeFor(path);if (contentTypeFor == null) {contentTypeFor = "application/octet-stream";}return contentTypeFor;}private void deliveryResult(final DataCallBack callback,final Request request) {mClient.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {// @Override// public void onFailure(final Request request, final IOException e)// {// sendFailedStringCallback(request, e, callback);// }//// @Override// public void onResponse(final Response response)// {// try// {// final String string = response.body().string();// if (callback.mType == String.class)// {// sendSuccessResultCallback(string, callback);// } else// {// Object o = mGson.fromJson(string, callback.mType);// sendSuccessResultCallback(o, callback);// }////// } catch (IOException e)// {// sendFailedStringCallback(response.request(), e, callback);// } catch (com.google.gson.JsonParseException e)//Json解析的错误// {// sendFailedStringCallback(response.request(), e, callback);// }//// }@Overridepublic void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {deliverDataFailure(request, e, callback);}@Overridepublic void onResponse(Call call, Response response)throws IOException {String result = response.body().string();deliverDataSuccess(result, callback);}});}// private void sendFailedStringCallback(final Request request, final// Exception e, final DataCallBack callback)// {// mHandler.post(new Runnable()// {// @Override// public void run()// {// if (callback != null)// callback.requestFailure(request, e);// // callback.onError(request, e);// }// });// }//// private void sendSuccessResultCallback(final Object object, final// DataCallBack callback)// {// mHandler.post(new Runnable()// {// @Override// public void run()// {// if (callback != null)// {// callback.requestSuccess(object);// }// }// });// }private Param[] validateParam(Param[] params) {if (params == null)return new Param[0];elsereturn params;}public static class Param {public Param() {}public Param(String key, String value) {this.key = key;this.value = value;}String key;String value;}
}
代码块：
OkHttpManager.getAsync(Const.GETURL + telNum, new OkHttpManager.DataCallBack() {@Overridepublic String requestSuccess(String result) {Log.e("info","OkHttp封装请求Get结果"+result);return result;}@Overridepublic void requestFailure(okhttp3.Request request, IOException e, String failStr) {}});Map<String,String> postMap = new HashMap<>();postMap.put("num",telNum);OkHttpManager.postAsync(Const.POSTURL, postMap, new OkHttpManager.DataCallBack() {@Overridepublic String requestSuccess(String result) {Log.e("info","OkHttp封装请求Post结果"+result);return result;}@Overridepublic void requestFailure(okhttp3.Request request, IOException e, String failStr) {}});
四、Retrofit
使用步骤
1、创建Model类
/*** Created by LJZ on 2018/10/10.*/public class MoblieInfoModel {/*** showapi_res_error : showapi_appid字段必传* showapi_res_code : -1002* showapi_res_body : {}*/private String showapi_res_error;private int showapi_res_code;private ShowapiResBodyBean showapi_res_body;public String getShowapi_res_error() {return showapi_res_error;}public void setShowapi_res_error(String showapi_res_error) {this.showapi_res_error = showapi_res_error;}public int getShowapi_res_code() {return showapi_res_code;}public void setShowapi_res_code(int showapi_res_code) {this.showapi_res_code = showapi_res_code;}public ShowapiResBodyBean getShowapi_res_body() {return showapi_res_body;}public void setShowapi_res_body(ShowapiResBodyBean showapi_res_body) {this.showapi_res_body = showapi_res_body;}public static class ShowapiResBodyBean {}}2、创建接口设置请求类型与参数
public interface UserMgrGetService {@GET("6-1")Call<MoblieInfoModel> getMessage(@Query("num") String num);
}
3、创建Retrofit对象，设置数据解析器
Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder().baseUrl(Const.BASE_URL).addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create()).build();
4、生成接口对象
UserMgrPostService service = retrofit.create(UserMgrPostService.class);
5、调用接口方法返回Call对象
retrofit2.Call<MoblieInfoModel> call = service.getMessage(telNum);
6、发送请求（同步、异步）
同步： 调用Call的execute（），返回结果的响应体
异步： 调用Call的enqueue（），参数是一个回调
call.enqueue(new retrofit2.Callback<MoblieInfoModel>() {@Overridepublic void onResponse(retrofit2.Call<MoblieInfoModel> call, retrofit2.Response<MoblieInfoModel> response) {Log.e("info","Retrofit POST请求成功结果"+response.body().getShowapi_res_code());}@Overridepublic void onFailure(retrofit2.Call<MoblieInfoModel> call, Throwable t) {}});
7、处理返回数据
4.1、Get请求
UserMgrGetService.java
public interface UserMgrGetService {@GET("6-1")Call<MoblieInfoModel> getMessage(@Query("num") String num);
}
进行请求代码块：
private void RetrofitGet() {//创建retrofit对象Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder().baseUrl(Const.BASE_URL).addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create()) //设置适配器.build();//得到Service对象UserMgrGetService service = retrofit.create(UserMgrGetService.class);retrofit2.Call<MoblieInfoModel> call = service.getMessage(telNum);call.enqueue(new retrofit2.Callback<MoblieInfoModel>() {@Overridepublic void onResponse(retrofit2.Call<MoblieInfoModel> call, retrofit2.Response<MoblieInfoModel> response) {Log.e("info","Retrofit Get请求成功结果"+response.body().getShowapi_res_code());}@Overridepublic void onFailure(retrofit2.Call<MoblieInfoModel> call, Throwable t) {}});}
4.2、Post请求
UserMgrPostService.java
public interface UserMgrPostService {@POST("6-1")@FormUrlEncodedCall<MoblieInfoModel> getMessage(@Field("num") String num);
}
进行请求代码块：
Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder().baseUrl(Const.BASE_URL).addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create()).build();UserMgrPostService service = retrofit.create(UserMgrPostService.class);retrofit2.Call<MoblieInfoModel> call = service.getMessage(telNum);call.enqueue(new retrofit2.Callback<MoblieInfoModel>() {@Overridepublic void onResponse(retrofit2.Call<MoblieInfoModel> call, retrofit2.Response<MoblieInfoModel> response) {Log.e("info","Retrofit POST请求成功结果"+response.body().getShowapi_res_code());}@Overridepublic void onFailure(retrofit2.Call<MoblieInfoModel> call, Throwable t) {}});
五、下载地址
https://download.csdn.net/download/qi85481455/10709907
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