用 nodejs 做反向代理服务器

时下不少场景，都是申请一个 VPS 主机来托管运行 Web 项目的，小弟我也不例外——购买了一个小型的 CentOS VPS 使用着。在使用的过程中，面临一个问题，就是同一类型的服务端环境还好——但如果是一个 PHP、一个 ASP、一个 JSP 的三种类型的服务端项目并存着，该怎么分配唯一的 80 端口呢？因为商业 WWW 网站的话，往往只能占用 80 端口，——当然，如果只是做服务的话，如接口服务之类的，使用了其他端口就不会与 80 端口冲突。因此，许多开发者都会面临到 80 端口这个问题，并且实际情况会受到成本的限制。如果为一个项目就单独买一个 VPS 的话，着实不太经济、不太合算，管理起来也不方便。这样的话，我们就应该好好考虑一下，怎么在提供一个 80 端口的情况下，分发到多种服务端那里去，最终让不同的主机执行各自的 Web 项目。

亲，那么这项需求是可以实现的吗？是的，而且并不是什么“神奇的技术”，也不是什么复杂的技术。不知你是否有了解，网络服务中的“反向代理（Reverse Proxy）”，其中的一个功能就是可以完成端口的分发的。我们不妨以域名为“路由分发”：凡是 AA.com 域名请求的，分发到 PHP 82 端口执行；凡是 BB.com 域名请求的，分发到 ASP 83 端口执行；…… 如此类推。当然这里的端口只说说明用而已，您可以任意配置，反正就是从 80 端口接收回来的请求，先作一次处理，进而分发。反向代理，通俗地讲，就是左手转右手而已。

每当提起反向代理器，人们通常一想到的就是 Nginx，但是今天我们暂时忽略大名鼎鼎的 Nginx，采用同样也是使用单线程、事件循环的服务端小弟——Node 来达成。首先 Node 采用 JS 作服务端编程，而不是 Nginx 写配置或 Lua，比较符合我的味口，其次自己对 Node 也比较熟悉，配置各方面什么的更为顺手。

完成该项功能的是 node-http-proxy 包。下载、安装请键入：

npm install http-proxy

安装完毕后，新建一个 proxy.js 文件，输入：

var http = require('http'), httpProxy = require('http-proxy');// 新建一个代理 Proxy Server 对象
var proxy = httpProxy.createProxyServer({});// 捕获异常
proxy.on('error', function (err, req, res) {res.writeHead(500, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'});res.end('Something went wrong. And we are reporting a custom error message.');
});// 另外新建一个 HTTP 80 端口的服务器，也就是常规 Node 创建 HTTP 服务器的方法。
// 在每次请求中，调用 proxy.web(req, res config) 方法进行请求分发
var server = require('http').createServer(function(req, res) {// 在这里可以自定义你的路由分发var host = req.headers.host, ip = req.headers['x-forwarded-for'] || req.connection.remoteAddress;console.log("client ip:" + ip + ", host:" + host);switch(host){case 'aaaa.com':case 'bbs.aaaa.com':proxy.web(req, res, { target: 'http://xyd.bbbbb.com:82' });break;case 'vps.cccc.com':proxy.web(req, res, { target: 'http://xyd.bbbbb.com:8080' });break;case 'dddd.com':case 'www.dddd.com':proxy.web(req, res, { target: 'http://localhost:81' });break;case 'eeeeee.com.cn':case 'www.eeee.com.cn':proxy.web(req, res, { target: 'http://eeeee.com.cn:8082' });break;default:res.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'});res.end('Welcome to my server!');}
});console.log("listening on port 80")
server.listen(80);

除此之外，还可以利用 node-http-proxy 做负载均衡、Websocket （使用 proxy.ws() 语法）等相关的工作。

若说使用代理服务器的代价，可能就是会比不用消耗多的资源，消耗多的 CPU 运算罢了。

使用问题：不能指定文件夹 proxy.web(req, res, { target: 'http://housecn.com.cn:81/foo/' });

可以在一个主机上配置多个网站了：2015--5-28:

switch(host){  case '5222222.com':  case 'www.5222222.com':if(req.url.indexOf('/grand') != -1){proxy.web(req, res, { target: 'http://127.0.0.1:8081' });  }else{res.writeHead(302, {//  'Location': 'http://new.5222222.com:8080/grand/''Location': 'http://5222222.com/grand/'});res.end();}break;....
}

资源:

另外一个 node 反向代理，仅仅 600多行代码，源码：https://github.com/skx/node-reverse-proxy.js
另外一个开源作品，国人所写，GitHub - yiminghe/reverse-proxy: A simple reverse proxy，着重解决了 HTTPS 证书的问题（通过pem和SNI）。
《用nodejs搭建一个本地反向代理环境》
《使用反向代理(NodeJS)调试前端AJAX》

附带一个静态服务器

const http = require('http');  //引入node http模块
const fs = require('fs');    //引入node 文件读写fs模块
const path = require('path');   //引入 node path模块
const url = require('url');     //引入  url  模块
const resMime = require('./resMime.js'); //引入自定义模块，模块主要处理响应头const config = {port: 8888,webRoot: require('os').type() == 'Darwin' ? '/Users/xinzhang/dev/project/aj-ts/' : 'C:\\project\\aj-ts'
};
const server = http.createServer((req, res) => {    // http.createServer()创建服务器let pathName = url.parse(req.url).pathname;     // 获取req.url,并且转换请求的路径// console.log(url.parse('index.html/12323123'));  会得到 index.html// console.log(pathName); // 控制台打印看能不能得到请求路径if (pathName == '/')   // 如果请求为空或“/”，则把请求路径改为index.htmlpathName = '/index.html';if (pathName == '/favicon.ico')  // 如果请求为“/favicon.ico”图标,则直接结束不处理res.end();else {// 这里正式写处理逻辑// console.log('开始读取文件');let extName = path.extname(pathName);//拿到扩展名（比如说：'index.html' => '.html'）// 下面用到 fs 去读取客户端请求的文件，path.join拼接成绝对路径fs.readFile(path.join(config.webRoot || __dirname, pathName), function (err, data) {   // 绝对路径，path.jion(__dirname,pathName)if (err) {// 没有找到的话，就走ERR，转去加载404页面console.log(err);res.writeHead(404, { "Content-Type": "text/html;chartset='utf8'" })res.write("Not found"); // 把文件写回客户端res.end();   // 结束// fs.readFile(path.join(config.webRoot || __dirname, `404.html`), (err, data) => {//     // res.writeHead()向客户端返回响应头，状态码404，因为返回的是自己写的404页面，所以响应头应该为"Content-Type":"text/html;chartset='utf8'" //     res.writeHead(404, { "Content-Type": "text/html;chartset='utf8'" })//     res.write(data); // 把文件写回客户端//     res.end();   // 结束// })} else {// 这里fs找到了请求资源// console.log(data) // 打印看看资源的内容var mime = resMime.getMime(fs, extName);  // 调用外部模块resMime,这个模块我是用来，请求的文件后缀名转换成mime标准的响应头Content-Type类型（比如说：'.css'=>'text/css','.js'=>'text/javascript'）res.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": `${mime};chartset='utf8'` });res.write(data); // 把文件写回客户端res.end();   // 结束}});}});server.listen(config.port);    // 让服务器跑在8887端口
console.log('Server ready');

resMime.js

const Mimes = {".323": "text/h323",".3gp": "video/3gpp",".aab": "application/x-authoware-bin",".aam": "application/x-authoware-map",".aas": "application/x-authoware-seg",".acx": "application/internet-property-stream",".ai": "application/postscript",".aif": "audio/x-aiff",".aifc": "audio/x-aiff",".aiff": "audio/x-aiff",".als": "audio/X-Alpha5",".amc": "application/x-mpeg",".ani": "application/octet-stream",".apk": "application/vnd.android.package-archive",".asc": "text/plain",".asd": "application/astound",".asf": "video/x-ms-asf",".asn": "application/astound",".asp": "application/x-asap",".asr": "video/x-ms-asf",".asx": "video/x-ms-asf",".au": "audio/basic",".avb": "application/octet-stream",".avi": "video/x-msvideo",".awb": "audio/amr-wb",".axs": "application/olescript",".bas": "text/plain",".bcpio": "application/x-bcpio",".bin ": "application/octet-stream",".bld": "application/bld",".bld2": "application/bld2",".bmp": "image/bmp",".bpk": "application/octet-stream",".bz2": "application/x-bzip2",".c": "text/plain",".cal": "image/x-cals",".cat": "application/vnd.ms-pkiseccat",".ccn": "application/x-cnc",".cco": "application/x-cocoa",".cdf": "application/x-cdf",".cer": "application/x-x509-ca-cert",".cgi": "magnus-internal/cgi",".chat": "application/x-chat",".class": "application/octet-stream",".clp": "application/x-msclip",".cmx": "image/x-cmx",".co": "application/x-cult3d-object",".cod": "image/cis-cod",".conf": "text/plain",".cpio": "application/x-cpio",".cpp": "text/plain",".cpt": "application/mac-compactpro",".crd": "application/x-mscardfile",".crl": "application/pkix-crl",".crt": "application/x-x509-ca-cert",".csh": "application/x-csh",".csm": "chemical/x-csml",".csml": "chemical/x-csml",".css": "text/css",".cur": "application/octet-stream",".dcm": "x-lml/x-evm",".dcr": "application/x-director",".dcx": "image/x-dcx",".der": "application/x-x509-ca-cert",".dhtml": "text/html",".dir": "application/x-director",".dll": "application/x-msdownload",".dmg": "application/octet-stream",".dms": "application/octet-stream",".doc": "application/msword",".docx": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document",".dot": "application/msword",".dvi": "application/x-dvi",".dwf": "drawing/x-dwf",".dwg": "application/x-autocad",".dxf": "application/x-autocad",".dxr": "application/x-director",".ebk": "application/x-expandedbook",".emb": "chemical/x-embl-dl-nucleotide",".embl": "chemical/x-embl-dl-nucleotide",".eps": "application/postscript",".epub": "application/epub+zip",".eri": "image/x-eri",".es": "audio/echospeech",".esl": "audio/echospeech",".etc": "application/x-earthtime",".etx": "text/x-setext",".evm": "x-lml/x-evm",".evy": "application/envoy",".exe": "application/octet-stream",".fh4": "image/x-freehand",".fh5": "image/x-freehand",".fhc": "image/x-freehand",".fif": "application/fractals",".flr": "x-world/x-vrml",".flv": "flv-application/octet-stream",".fm": "application/x-maker",".fpx": "image/x-fpx",".fvi": "video/isivideo",".gau": "chemical/x-gaussian-input",".gca": "application/x-gca-compressed",".gdb": "x-lml/x-gdb",".gif": "image/gif",".gps": "application/x-gps",".gtar": "application/x-gtar",".gz": "application/x-gzip",".h": "text/plain",".hdf": "application/x-hdf",".hdm": "text/x-hdml",".hdml": "text/x-hdml",".hlp": "application/winhlp",".hqx": "application/mac-binhex40",".hta": "application/hta",".htc": "text/x-component",".htm": "text/html",".html": "text/html",".hts": "text/html",".htt": "text/webviewhtml",".ice": "x-conference/x-cooltalk",".ico": "image/x-icon",".ief": "image/ief",".ifm": "image/gif",".ifs": "image/ifs",".iii": "application/x-iphone",".imy": "audio/melody",".ins": "application/x-internet-signup",".ips": "application/x-ipscript",".ipx": "application/x-ipix",".isp": "application/x-internet-signup",".it": "audio/x-mod",".itz": "audio/x-mod",".ivr": "i-world/i-vrml",".j2k": "image/j2k",".jad": "text/vnd.sun.j2me.app-descriptor",".jam": "application/x-jam",".jar": "application/java-archive",".java": "text/plain",".jfif": "image/pipeg",".jnlp": "application/x-java-jnlp-file",".jpe": "image/jpeg",".jpeg": "image/jpeg",".jpg": "image/jpeg",".jpz": "image/jpeg",".js": "application/x-javascript",".jwc": "application/jwc",".kjx": "application/x-kjx",".lak": "x-lml/x-lak",".latex": "application/x-latex",".lcc": "application/fastman",".lcl": "application/x-digitalloca",".lcr": "application/x-digitalloca",".lgh": "application/lgh",".lha": "application/octet-stream",".lml": "x-lml/x-lml",".lmlpack": "x-lml/x-lmlpack",".log": "text/plain",".lsf": "video/x-la-asf",".lsx": "video/x-la-asf",".lzh": "application/octet-stream",".m13": "application/x-msmediaview",".m14": "application/x-msmediaview",".m15": "audio/x-mod",".m3u": "audio/x-mpegurl",".m3url": "audio/x-mpegurl",".m4a": "audio/mp4a-latm",".m4b": "audio/mp4a-latm",".m4p": "audio/mp4a-latm",".m4u": "video/vnd.mpegurl",".m4v": "video/x-m4v",".ma1": "audio/ma1",".ma2": "audio/ma2",".ma3": "audio/ma3",".ma5": "audio/ma5",".man": "application/x-troff-man",".map": "magnus-internal/imagemap",".mbd": "application/mbedlet",".mct": "application/x-mascot",".mdb": "application/x-msaccess",".mdz": "audio/x-mod",".me": "application/x-troff-me",".mel": "text/x-vmel",".mht": "message/rfc822",".mhtml": "message/rfc822",".mi": "application/x-mif",".mid": "audio/mid",".midi": "audio/midi",".mif": "application/x-mif",".mil": "image/x-cals",".mio": "audio/x-mio",".mmf": "application/x-skt-lbs",".mng": "video/x-mng",".mny": "application/x-msmoney",".moc": "application/x-mocha",".mocha": "application/x-mocha",".mod": "audio/x-mod",".mof": "application/x-yumekara",".mol": "chemical/x-mdl-molfile",".mop": "chemical/x-mopac-input",".mov": "video/quicktime",".movie": "video/x-sgi-movie",".mp2": "video/mpeg",".mp3": "audio/mpeg",".mp4": "video/mp4",".mpa": "video/mpeg",".mpc": "application/vnd.mpohun.certificate",".mpe": "video/mpeg",".mpeg": "video/mpeg",".mpg": "video/mpeg",".mpg4": "video/mp4",".mpga": "audio/mpeg",".mpn": "application/vnd.mophun.application",".mpp": "application/vnd.ms-project",".mps": "application/x-mapserver",".mpv2": "video/mpeg",".mrl": "text/x-mrml",".mrm": "application/x-mrm",".ms": "application/x-troff-ms",".msg": "application/vnd.ms-outlook",".mts": "application/metastream",".mtx": "application/metastream",".mtz": "application/metastream",".mvb": "application/x-msmediaview",".mzv": "application/metastream",".nar": "application/zip",".nbmp": "image/nbmp",".nc": "application/x-netcdf",".ndb": "x-lml/x-ndb",".ndwn": "application/ndwn",".nif": "application/x-nif",".nmz": "application/x-scream",".nokia-op-logo": "image/vnd.nok-oplogo-color",".npx": "application/x-netfpx",".nsnd": "audio/nsnd",".nva": "application/x-neva1",".nws": "message/rfc822",".oda": "application/oda",".ogg": "audio/ogg",".oom": "application/x-AtlasMate-Plugin",".p10": "application/pkcs10",".p12": "application/x-pkcs12",".p7b": "application/x-pkcs7-certificates",".p7c": "application/x-pkcs7-mime",".p7m": "application/x-pkcs7-mime",".p7r": "application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp",".p7s": "application/x-pkcs7-signature",".pac": "audio/x-pac",".pae": "audio/x-epac",".pan": "application/x-pan",".pbm": "image/x-portable-bitmap",".pcx": "image/x-pcx",".pda": "image/x-pda",".pdb": "chemical/x-pdb",".pdf": "application/pdf",".pfr": "application/font-tdpfr",".pfx": "application/x-pkcs12",".pgm": "image/x-portable-graymap",".pict": "image/x-pict",".pko": "application/ynd.ms-pkipko",".pm": "application/x-perl",".pma": "application/x-perfmon",".pmc": "application/x-perfmon",".pmd": "application/x-pmd",".pml": "application/x-perfmon",".pmr": "application/x-perfmon",".pmw": "application/x-perfmon",".png": "image/png",".pnm": "image/x-portable-anymap",".pnz": "image/png",".pot,": "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint",".ppm": "image/x-portable-pixmap",".pps": "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint",".ppt": "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint",".pptx": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation",".pqf": "application/x-cprplayer",".pqi": "application/cprplayer",".prc": "application/x-prc",".prf": "application/pics-rules",".prop": "text/plain",".proxy": "application/x-ns-proxy-autoconfig",".ps": "application/postscript",".ptlk": "application/listenup",".pub": "application/x-mspublisher",".pvx": "video/x-pv-pvx",".qcp": "audio/vnd.qcelp",".qt": "video/quicktime",".qti": "image/x-quicktime",".qtif": "image/x-quicktime",".r3t": "text/vnd.rn-realtext3d",".ra": "audio/x-pn-realaudio",".ram": "audio/x-pn-realaudio",".rar": "application/octet-stream",".ras": "image/x-cmu-raster",".rc": "text/plain",".rdf": "application/rdf+xml",".rf": "image/vnd.rn-realflash",".rgb": "image/x-rgb",".rlf": "application/x-richlink",".rm": "audio/x-pn-realaudio",".rmf": "audio/x-rmf",".rmi": "audio/mid",".rmm": "audio/x-pn-realaudio",".rmvb": "audio/x-pn-realaudio",".rnx": "application/vnd.rn-realplayer",".roff": "application/x-troff",".rp": "image/vnd.rn-realpix",".rpm": "audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin",".rt": "text/vnd.rn-realtext",".rte": "x-lml/x-gps",".rtf": "application/rtf",".rtg": "application/metastream",".rtx": "text/richtext",".rv": "video/vnd.rn-realvideo",".rwc": "application/x-rogerwilco",".s3m": "audio/x-mod",".s3z": "audio/x-mod",".sca": "application/x-supercard",".scd": "application/x-msschedule",".sct": "text/scriptlet",".sdf": "application/e-score",".sea": "application/x-stuffit",".setpay": "application/set-payment-initiation",".setreg": "application/set-registration-initiation",".sgm": "text/x-sgml",".sgml": "text/x-sgml",".sh": "application/x-sh",".shar": "application/x-shar",".shtml": "magnus-internal/parsed-html",".shw": "application/presentations",".si6": "image/si6",".si7": "image/vnd.stiwap.sis",".si9": "image/vnd.lgtwap.sis",".sis": "application/vnd.symbian.install",".sit": "application/x-stuffit",".skd": "application/x-Koan",".skm": "application/x-Koan",".skp": "application/x-Koan",".skt": "application/x-Koan",".slc": "application/x-salsa",".smd": "audio/x-smd",".smi": "application/smil",".smil": "application/smil",".smp": "application/studiom",".smz": "audio/x-smd",".snd": "audio/basic",".spc": "application/x-pkcs7-certificates",".spl": "application/futuresplash",".spr": "application/x-sprite",".sprite": "application/x-sprite",".sdp": "application/sdp",".spt": "application/x-spt",".src": "application/x-wais-source",".sst": "application/vnd.ms-pkicertstore",".stk": "application/hyperstudio",".stl": "application/vnd.ms-pkistl",".stm": "text/html",".svg": "image/svg+xml",".sv4cpio": "application/x-sv4cpio",".sv4crc": "application/x-sv4crc",".svf": "image/vnd",".svg": "image/svg+xml",".svh": "image/svh",".svr": "x-world/x-svr",".swf": "application/x-shockwave-flash",".swfl": "application/x-shockwave-flash",".t": "application/x-troff",".tad": "application/octet-stream",".talk": "text/x-speech",".tar": "application/x-tar",".taz": "application/x-tar",".tbp": "application/x-timbuktu",".tbt": "application/x-timbuktu",".tcl": "application/x-tcl",".tex": "application/x-tex",".texi": "application/x-texinfo",".texinfo": "application/x-texinfo",".tgz": "application/x-compressed",".thm": "application/vnd.eri.thm",".tif": "image/tiff",".tiff": "image/tiff",".tki": "application/x-tkined",".tkined": "application/x-tkined",".toc": "application/toc",".toy": "image/toy",".tr": "application/x-troff",".trk": "x-lml/x-gps",".trm": "application/x-msterminal",".tsi": "audio/tsplayer",".tsp": "application/dsptype",".tsv": "text/tab-separated-values",".ttf": "application/octet-stream",".ttz": "application/t-time",".txt": "text/plain",".uls": "text/iuls",".ult": "audio/x-mod",".ustar": "application/x-ustar",".uu": "application/x-uuencode",".uue": "application/x-uuencode",".vcd": "application/x-cdlink",".vcf": "text/x-vcard",".vdo": "video/vdo",".vib": "audio/vib",".viv": "video/vivo",".vivo": "video/vivo",".vmd": "application/vocaltec-media-desc",".vmf": "application/vocaltec-media-file",".vmi": "application/x-dreamcast-vms-info",".vms": "application/x-dreamcast-vms",".vox": "audio/voxware",".vqe": "audio/x-twinvq-plugin",".vqf": "audio/x-twinvq",".vql": "audio/x-twinvq",".vre": "x-world/x-vream",".vrml": "x-world/x-vrml",".vrt": "x-world/x-vrt",".vrw": "x-world/x-vream",".vts": "workbook/formulaone",".wav": "audio/x-wav",".wax": "audio/x-ms-wax",".wbmp": "image/vnd.wap.wbmp",".wcm": "application/vnd.ms-works",".wdb": "application/vnd.ms-works",".web": "application/vnd.xara",".wi": "image/wavelet",".wis": "application/x-InstallShield",".wks": "application/vnd.ms-works",".wm": "video/x-ms-wm",".wma": "audio/x-ms-wma",".wmd": "application/x-ms-wmd",".wmf": "application/x-msmetafile",".wml": "text/vnd.wap.wml",".wmlc": "application/vnd.wap.wmlc",".wmls": "text/vnd.wap.wmlscript",".wmlsc": "application/vnd.wap.wmlscriptc",".wmlscript": "text/vnd.wap.wmlscript",".wmv": "audio/x-ms-wmv",".wmx": "video/x-ms-wmx",".wmz": "application/x-ms-wmz",".wpng": "image/x-up-wpng",".wps": "application/vnd.ms-works",".wpt": "x-lml/x-gps",".wri": "application/x-mswrite",".wrl": "x-world/x-vrml",".wrz": "x-world/x-vrml",".ws": "text/vnd.wap.wmlscript",".wsc": "application/vnd.wap.wmlscriptc",".wv": "video/wavelet",".wvx": "video/x-ms-wvx",".wxl": "application/x-wxl",".x-gzip": "application/x-gzip",".xaf": "x-world/x-vrml",".xar": "application/vnd.xara",".xbm": "image/x-xbitmap",".xdm": "application/x-xdma",".xdma": "application/x-xdma",".xdw": "application/vnd.fujixerox.docuworks",".xht": "application/xhtml+xml",".xhtm": "application/xhtml+xml",".xhtml": "application/xhtml+xml",".xla": "application/vnd.ms-excel",".xlc": "application/vnd.ms-excel",".xll": "application/x-excel",".xlm": "application/vnd.ms-excel",".xls": "application/vnd.ms-excel",".xlsx": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet",".xlt": "application/vnd.ms-excel",".xlw": "application/vnd.ms-excel",".xm": "audio/x-mod",".xml": "text/plain",".xml": "application/xml",".xmz": "audio/x-mod",".xof": "x-world/x-vrml",".xpi": "application/x-xpinstall",".xpm": "image/x-xpixmap",".xsit": "text/xml",".xsl": "text/xml",".xul": "text/xul",".xwd": "image/x-xwindowdump",".xyz": "chemical/x-pdb",".yz1": "application/x-yz1",".z": "application/x-compress",".zac": "application/x-zaurus-zac",".zip": "application/zip",".json": "application/json"
};exports.getMime = (fs, extname) => Mimes[extname] || 'text/html';

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