右键图形属性 图形选项

If you play video games on your PC, even casually, then you’ve probably seen the swath of video settings in the options menu. You may not however, understand what they all mean. We’re here to help.

如果您甚至在PC上随便玩视频游戏，则可能在选项菜单中看到了很多视频设置。 但是，您可能不了解它们的全部含义。 我们在这里为您提供帮助。

Some of the options are pretty self-explanatory, while others are just straight up confusing (Bloom? Ambient occlusion?). You may not like the idea of fiddling with settings, and these days, most games will automatically set it to something decent the first time you start them up. But if you really want the best balance of performance and graphics quality, digging into those settings yourself can go a long way. Turning everything up is rarely the best option, since it will make the game run very slowly.

其中一些选项很容易解释，而另一些选项则令人困惑(Bloom？Ambient occlusion？)。 您可能不喜欢摆弄设置的想法，如今，大多数游戏在首次启动时都会自动将其设置为合适的设置。 但是，如果您真的想在性能和图形质量之间取得最佳平衡，那么自己深入研究这些设置可能会大有帮助。 打开所有内容很少是最好的选择，因为这会使游戏运行非常缓慢。

Today we want to briefly explain to you what all these settings do and whether or not you truly need them for maximum gaming fun. We’ll use Rocket League and Borderlands 2 as our example games, since they’re fairly popular and between them do a good job of representing the video settings you’re likely encounter in many other games. Some games may have more, while others have less, but for the most part, you should be able to take this knowledge and use it on just about every other game in your library.

今天，我们想向您简要说明所有这些设置的作用，以及您是否真正需要它们以最大程度地发挥游戏乐趣。 我们将以《 Rocket League》和《无主之地2》为例，因为它们相当受欢迎，而且它们之间的表现很好，可以很好地表现您在许多其他游戏中可能遇到的视频设置。 有些游戏可能有更多的知识，而另一些游戏却有更少的知识，但在大多数情况下，您应该能够掌握这一知识并将其用于图书馆中几乎所有其他游戏。

分辨率和窗口设置 (Resolution and Window Settings)

First, to access your game’s video options, you’ll have to open the game’s settings menu. This may be labeled as either “Settings” or “Options”. Either way, that’s where you’re likely to be able to make adjustments to your video settings.

首先，要访问游戏的视频选项，您必须打开游戏的设置菜单。 可以将其标记为“设置”或“选项”。 无论哪种方式，您都可以在其中调整视频设置。

Let’s start with the basics. The game’s resolution settings are fairly simple to understand. Setting the resolution will allow you to adjust the size of the viewable area of the game, as well as make the game look sharper.

让我们从基础开始。 游戏的分辨率设置非常容易理解。 设置分辨率将允许您调整游戏可见区域的大小，并使游戏看起来更清晰。

For example, in the following screenshot, we see how Rocket League looks running at our monitor’s native resolution 1920×1080, and then we’ve inset an example of the game running at 640 x 480. It’s much smaller, and if you were to blow that up to full screen, it would look much lower quality (like comparing a DVD to a Blu-Ray).

例如，在下面的屏幕截图中，我们看到了Rocket League在显示器的原始分辨率1920×1080下运行的样子，然后我们以640 x 480的分辨率运行了一个游戏示例。它要小得多，如果要如果将其炸毁到全屏，它的质量就会低得多(例如将DVD与蓝光进行比较)。

Ideally, you should try to run your game at the highest resolution possible for your monitor–so, if you have a 1920×1080 monitor, for example, you’d want to run the game at 1920×1080. Playing the game at a substantially lower resolution might help it run more smoothly, but it’s going to look terrible. You can always turn off other features in the options to help increase the game’s performance.

理想情况下，您应该尝试以尽可能高的显示器分辨率运行游戏-因此，例如，如果您有1920×1080显示器，则希望以1920×1080的分辨率运行游戏。 以低得多的分辨率玩游戏可能会帮助它更流畅地运行，但是看起来会很糟糕。 您始终可以关闭选项中的其他功能，以帮助提高游戏的性能。

In addition, you’ll notice also that our game screenshots have windowed borders. This is simply because we’ve elected to run the game in windowed mode. Running the game in full-screen mode means that the game will fill the entire screen–which is better for performance and imersiveness. You can usually press the Windows key to access the desktop if you need to, though it depends on the game–some are more temperamental in full screen mode than others.

此外，您还会注意到我们的游戏屏幕截图带有窗口边框。 这仅仅是因为我们选择在窗口模式下运行游戏。 以全屏模式运行游戏意味着该游戏将覆盖整个屏幕，这对于性能和即时性来说更好。 尽管这取决于游戏，但通常需要按Windows键访问桌面，有些游戏在全屏模式下比其他游戏更具气质。

Many games, including Rocket League and Borderlands 2, also have an option to run the game in “borderless windowed” mode, which means the game will run in a window, but without any of the window chrome (borders, maximize and minimize buttons, etc.). This is useful if your game is temperamental in full screen and you need to access the desktop regularly–it’ll look like full screen, but act like a window.

许多游戏(包括Rocket League和Borderlands 2)也可以选择以“无边界窗口”模式运行游戏，这意味着游戏将在一个窗口中运行，但没有任何窗口镶边(边框，最大化和最小化按钮，等等。)。 如果你的游戏在全屏幕喜怒无常，你需要访问桌面定期，稍后即看起来像全屏幕，而是像一个窗口，这是非常有用的。

垂直同步 (Vertical Sync)

Vertical sync, or “vsync”, syncs your graphics card with your monitor’s framerate. For example, if your monitor only refreshes at 60Mhz–60 times per second–but your graphics card is producing 100 frames per second, then your monitor won’t display those frames evenly, and you’ll see something known as screen tearing.

垂直同步或“垂直同步”将图形卡与显示器的帧速率同步。 例如，如果您的显示器仅以60Mhz(每秒60次)的速度刷新，但是您的图形卡每秒产生100帧，则显示器将不会均匀地显示这些帧，并且您会看到称为屏幕撕裂的信息。

Vertical sync fixes this by capping the frame rate of your game to your monitor’s refresh rate. The downside to this is, if you have a powerful computer that can give you a really fast, polished gaming experience, but your monitor can’t keep up, you’re not going to be seeing that game’s true potential.

垂直同步通过将游戏的帧速率限制为显示器的刷新速率来解决此问题。 不利的一面是，如果您有一台功能强大的计算机，可以为您带来真正快速，优美的游戏体验，但您的显示器无法跟上步伐，那么您就不会看到该游戏的真正潜力。

The other thing to keep in mind is that vsync will only produce video at a framerate that is divisible into your monitor’s refresh rate. So if you have a 60Hz monitor, and your graphics card is capable of running your game at 60 frames per second or above, you’ll see great results. However, if your graphics card is trying to display something fairly intense and dips below 60 frames per second at all–even to 55 frames per second–then vsync will drop the refresh rate all the way to 30, which is a much choppier experience. If the framerate drops below 30, then vsync will only display 15, and so on.

要记住的另一件事是，vsync将仅以可被显示器刷新率整除的帧率来产生视频。 因此，如果您拥有60Hz的显示器，并且您的图形卡能够以每秒60帧或以上的速度运行游戏，那么您将看到出色的效果。 但是，如果您的图形卡试图显示相当强烈的东西，并且每秒完全低于60帧，甚至降至每秒55帧，则vsync会将刷新率降低到30，这是一个更加混乱的体验。 如果帧速率降至30以下，则vsync将仅显示15，依此类推。

Vsync is a very hotly debated topic among gamers. Some prefer to use it and avoid screen tearing, while others would rather deal with screen tearing than drops in framerate. If you do run vsync, you should set your other graphics settings to aim for a bit higher than 60 frames per second, so it never dips below that.

Vsync是游戏玩家中一个非常热门的话题。 有些人喜欢使用它，避免屏幕撕裂，而另一些人宁愿处理屏幕撕裂，也不愿丢帧。 如果您确实运行vsync，则应将其他图形设置设置为略高于每秒60帧，因此它永远不会低于该值。

基本图形设置 (Basic Graphics Settings)

With the technical stuff out of the way, now it’s time to get into the fun stuff–the settings that make your games look all pretty. Almost all games will have basic settings like anti-aliasing and render quality, though they may go by slightly different names. So what do they do?

随着技术的发展，现在是时候进入有趣的内容了，这些设置可以使您的游戏看起来很漂亮。 几乎所有游戏都具有基本的设置，例如抗锯齿和渲染质量，尽管它们的名称可能略有不同。 那他们怎么办？

抗锯齿 (Anti-Aliasing)

Anti-aliasing is fairly easy to understand. Most graphics on a computer, when expanded, will appear jagged. Anti-aliasing fills in these jaggies with extra pixels so they appear smooth. In many games, you can set your AA to a certain multiplier such as 2x, 4x, or 8x.

抗锯齿非常容易理解。 展开时，计算机上的大多数图形都会出现锯齿。 抗锯齿会用额外的像素填充这些锯齿，使它们显得平滑。 在许多游戏中，您可以将AA设置为某个乘数，例如2x，4x或8x。

Each level will increase the load on your computer. Higher end graphics cards will be able compensate for this, while older or less capable cards will see an appreciable slowdown. If this is the case for you, then we recommend setting AA to 2x or even off and seeing if you can live with that (and you just might have to). Higher levels of AA beyond 2x show higher diminishing returns, so unless you have a very beefy card, 2x is probably the best balance of performance-to-resource-usage.

每个级别都会增加计算机的负载。 高端显卡可以弥补这一点，而能力较弱的旧显卡则会出现明显的下降。 如果您是这种情况，那么我们建议将AA设置为2倍或什至关闭，以查看是否可以忍受(可能只是必须这样做)。 超过2倍的AA级别越高，回报率越高，因此，除非您拥有非常强壮的牌，否则2倍可能是性能与资源使用之间的最佳平衡。

In the following image, the difference is easy to make out. The top shows how things look with anti-aliasing applied (FXAA High) versus how it looks with anti-aliasing completely off.

在下图中，很容易看出差异。 顶部显示的是应用抗锯齿效果(FXAA高)时的外观，以及完全关闭抗锯齿效果的外观。

There are quite a few different types of anti-aliasing, including MSAA, MLAA and FXAA.

有很多不同类型的抗锯齿，包括MSAA，MLAA和FXAA。

Multisample Anti-Aliasing (MSAA) is one of the more common types of anti-aliasing. MSAA looks nice, but is computationally inefficient because supersampling is performed for every single pixel, even though you only notice a difference along the edges of an object. Also, this technique can be applied to transparent objects, or objects with textures, meaning you’re unlikely to notice a difference.

多重采样抗锯齿(MSAA)是较常见的抗锯齿类型之一。 MSAA看起来不错，但计算效率低下，因为即使只注意到对象边缘的差异，也会对每个像素执行超级采样。 同样，该技术可以应用于透明对象或具有纹理的对象，这意味着您不太可能会注意到差异。

Fast Approximate Anti-Aliasing, or FXAA, is much lighter on resources, but doesn’t look as nice. It doesn’t so much perform true anti-aliasing as it does blur the edges of in-game objects. Therefore, you’re not as likely to see a huge performance hit, if any, as you would with another more graphics intensive AA technology–but your image will look a little blrury. Here’s a good comparison of the two technologies if you want to learn more.

快速近似抗锯齿(FXAA)在资源上要轻得多，但看起来却不那么好。 它并没有真正执行抗锯齿功能，因为它确实模糊了游戏中对象的边缘。 因此，您不会像使用另一种图形密集型AA技术那样看到巨大的性能下降(如果有的话)，但是您的图像看起来有点模糊。 如果您想了解更多，这里是两种技术的很好比较 。

Morphological Anti-Aliasing (MLAA) is applied after images are processed by your graphics card. This is similar to applying filter such as in Photoshop. Additionally, MLAA is applied to the whole image on the screen, so no matter where the object is, aliasing is reduced. It occupies a space in between MSAA and FXAA–it’s not quite as hard on your graphics card as MSAA is, but looks nicer than FXAA.

在图形卡处理完图像后，将应用形态学抗锯齿(MLAA)。 这类似于在Photoshop中应用滤镜。 此外，MLAA应用于屏幕上的整个图像，因此无论对象在哪里，都可以减少锯齿。 它在MSAA和FXAA之间占据一个空间-它在图形卡上的难度不如MSAA，但比FXAA更好。

There are many other types of anti-aliasing, but these are some of the more common ones you’ll see.

还有许多其他类型的抗锯齿，但是这些是您会看到的一些更常见的类型。

What AA type you use is going to depend almost entirely upon the power of your PC and the options your game gives you. While FXAA will soften edges and make things look smoother, it might make things too blurry for many users. On the other hand, something like MSAA will definitely give you sharper lines but at a considerably higher cost in terms of performance.

您使用哪种AA类型几乎完全取决于PC的功能以及游戏为您提供的选项。 尽管FXAA可以使边缘变软并使外观看起来更平滑，但对于许多用户而言，它可能会使外观变得太模糊。 另一方面，类似MSAA的产品肯定会为您提供更清晰的线条，但在性能方面却要高得多。

The best course is to try out whatever type of AA your game offers and see what works for you, and if the performance hit is too hard, figure out what you can live with.

最好的方法是尝试您的游戏提供的任何类型的AA并查看对您有用的AA，如果性能下降太难了，请找出可以忍受的内容。

渲染图 (Rendering)

Let’s talk next about rendering. Rendering is how graphics–like the car above–are drawn on your screen. The higher the render quality, the better and more realistic the car will look, but it will also take more effort from the computer to draw it. If you have a new, faster performing computer, then it will obviously be able to render graphics at a much higher rate than a slower one.

接下来让我们讨论渲染。 渲染是在屏幕上绘制图形的方式，就像上面的汽车一样。 渲染质量越高，汽车的外观越好，越逼真，但是计算机绘制它也会花费更多的精力。 如果您有一台性能更快的新计算机，那么它显然将能够以比慢速计算机更高的速率渲染图形。

Look at the images below. The render quality in the top image to “high quality”, while in the bottom image, it is set to “high performance” (aka “low quality”). The bottom image is jaggy and rough, while the top is considerably cleaner and more polished.

看下面的图片。 顶部图像的渲染质量为“高质量”，而底部图像的渲染质量为“高性能”(也称为“低质量”)。 底部的图像锯齿状且粗糙，而顶部的图像则更干净，更光滑。

In a game like Rocket League, setting the rendering to its lowest option is going to make objects, such as the car in the above images, look blurry and jaggy, so it won’t matter if you’ve applied AA or not. So you should use this setting as a baseline, and if High Quality isn’t sharp enough for you, you can apply AA afterwards.

在Rocket League之类的游戏中，将渲染设置为最低选项将使物体(如上面图像中的汽车)看起来模糊且参差不齐，因此，是否应用AA无关紧要。 因此，您应该将此设置用作基准，如果“高质量”不足以适应您的需求，则可以在以后应用AA。

In other games, like Borderlands 2, rendering will probably go by another name such as “Game Detail”. Whatever it is called, the higher you set it, the more crisp and clear things will look, but the greater the performance cost will be.

在其他游戏中，例如《无主之地2》，渲染可能会使用另一个名称，例如“游戏细节”。 无论它叫什么，设置得越高，外观就会越清晰明了，但是性能成本也就越高。

进阶品质设定 (Advanced Quality Settings)

Those are the big settings, but there are a lot of smaller graphics settings that add layers of quality and greater nuance to your gaming experience. Most of these settings are going to really tax older machines, and in some instances, the value to the game itself will be negligible. As always, your mileage will vary. If you like having everything turned on, and your machine can handle it, then by all means go for it.

这些是很大的设置，但是有许多较小的图形设置为您的游戏体验增加了质量层次和细微差别。 这些设置中的大多数将对旧机器造成实际负担，在某些情况下，游戏本身的价值可以忽略不计。 与往常一样，您的里程会有所不同。 如果您想打开所有东西，并且您的机器可以处理它，那么一定要这样做。

The first item is Texture Detail. Textures are the actual colors and details on the items in a game, rather than the shape of the items themselves. In game such as Borderlands 2, texture quality shows a marked improvement in the detail on the surface of the gun from low (top) to high (bottom). Obviously, higher detail will require more from your graphics card.

第一项是“ 纹理细节” 。 纹理是游戏中物品的实际颜色和细节，而不是物品本身的形状。 在《无主之地2(Borderlands 2)》这样的游戏中，纹理质量从低(上)到高(下)显示出枪炮表面的细节显着改善。 显然，更高的细节要求您的图形卡更多。

However, unlike most of the other graphics settings, Texture Detail has more to do with your graphics card’s VRAM, rather than its processing power. Even if your graphics card is pushing pretty hard, you should be able to turn up Texture Detail if you have VRAM free. If you have an older card with less VRAM, however, you’ll have to turn this setting down.

但是，与大多数其他图形设置不同，“纹理细节”与图形卡的VRAM有更多关系，而不是其处理能力。 即使您的显卡非常用力，如果您有可用的VRAM，您也应该可以打开Texture Detail。 但是，如果您使用的旧卡具有较少的VRAM，则必须调低此设置。

Similarly, Rocket League has a setting for World Detail, which affects the surrounding scenery. You can see the difference between “high performance” and “high quality” below: on the lower setting, grass doesn’t show individual blades, edges are more jagged, and so forth.

同样，“火箭联盟”的“世界细节”设置也会影响周围的风景。 您可以在下面看到“高性能”和“高质量”之间的区别：在较低的设置下，草皮不显示单个刀片，边缘更锯齿，依此类推。

Below, we see the difference between having High Quality Shaders enabled in the top image, and disabling them in the bottom image. As you can see, the beams holding up the roof of the stadium don’t reflect light as realistically with the shaders off as with them on.

在下面，我们看到在顶部图像中启用了高质量着色器与在底部图像中禁用了它们之间的区别。 如您所见，在关闭着色器的情况下，支撑体育场屋顶的光束无法像在打开着色器时那样真实地反射光线。

Ambient Occlusion is another setting that you can probably disable and not notice too much of a difference. Ambient occlusion basically allows the game to draw more realistic, softer shadows.

环境光遮挡是另一个设置，您可能会禁用它，而不会注意到太大的差异。 环境光遮挡基本上可以使游戏绘制更逼真的，更柔和的阴影。

The effect is very subtle and likely to escape notice of most users. It’s just another effect that is going to add a little overhead to your graphics card so you probably don’t need it.

效果非常微妙，很可能会引起大多数用户的注意。 这只是另一种影响，会增加图形卡的开销，因此您可能不需要它。

The next item, Depth of Field, is a bit more difficult to illustrate, but it’s fairly easy to explain. Turning this on causes items that are close to appear sharp and in focus, while things in the distance appear blurry and out of focus.

下一项“ 景深”比较难于说明，但相当容易解释。 启用此功能会使接近的项目显得清晰且清晰，而远处的事物则变得模糊且无法清晰聚焦。

Some swear by depth of field, and think it makes games look more realistic, while others hate it. In reality, it’s unlikely depth of field is going to make or break your video gaming experience, because you’re usually looking at the thing closest to you at all times. It’s all about your own personal preference, and it probably serves more of a purpose in games that display more distance, such as a horizon or landmarks (trees, mountain, etc.).

有些人发誓要深入了解游戏领域，并认为它会使游戏看起来更逼真，而另一些人则讨厌它。 实际上，景深不可能创造或破坏您的视频游戏体验，因为您通常总是在寻找最接近自己的事物。 这完全取决于您自己的个人喜好，在显示更多距离的游戏(例如地平线或地标(树木，山脉等))中，它可能更多地起到了目的。

When you enable Bloom, light emitting from its source is distorted and bleeds beyond its boundaries, creating a bloom effect. In some video games, bloom is far more pronounced, particularly if you’re playing a game in darkened area and you come upon a bright light source. Bloom is another item that you can probably live without, though when employed well, it can considerably enrich a game.

启用Bloom时 ，从其源发出的光会扭曲并且流血到其边界之外，从而产生Bloom效果。 在某些视频游戏中，绽放更为明显，特别是如果您在黑暗区域中玩游戏并且遇到明亮的光源。 Bloom是您可能无法拥有的另一个项目，尽管使用得当，它可以极大地丰富游戏。

Dynamic Shadows cause shadows to change as an object moves. For example, looking at our trusty little car below, when dynamic shadows are enabled in the bottom shot, the shadow of the car will change as the car moves around the field. Dynamic shadows tend to consume a lot of graphics resources, so they’re a good thing to disable if you have a slower computer.

动态阴影会导致阴影随着对象移动而改变。 例如，看下面我们可信赖的小型汽车，当在底部镜头中启用动态阴影时，汽车的阴影将随着汽车在场地周围移动而改变。 动态阴影往往会消耗大量图形资源，因此如果计算机速度较慢，则禁用它们是一件好事。

Motion Blur isn’t something we can easily show you in simple screenshots, but it’s pretty self-explanatory: to add more realism to games, objects will appear blurry when they’re moving quickly. For example, when you hit the soccer ball in Rocket League, it might appear as it is moving so fast that it is a blur. Turning this off isn’t likely to impact your gaming experience, and if you tend to get a little queasy when playing fast-moving games, turning it off might make you more comfortable.

我们无法通过简单的屏幕截图轻松地显示“ 运动模糊” ，但这是不言自明的：为游戏添加更多真实感时，对象在快速移动时会显得模糊。 例如，当您在“火箭联盟”中击中足球时，它可能会因为移动速度太快而显得模糊。 禁用此功能不太可能影响您的游戏体验，并且如果您在玩快速移动的游戏时容易感到不适，请将其禁用可能会使您更舒适。

Other games might employ different types of blur. Borderlands 2 has a setting for Ansiotropic Filtering, which aims to reduce motion blur and increase detail. It comes with a small performance hit, but not nearly as much as something like anti-aliasing, so set it to whatever your computer can handle.

其他游戏可能会使用不同类型的模糊。 Borderlands 2具有“ 各向异性过滤”设置，其目的是减少运动模糊并增加细节。 它带来的性能影响很小，但不及抗锯齿功能那么大，因此请将其设置为计算机可以处理的任何值。

It’s important to note that some items in a game’s settings may be unique to that game. For example, in the case of Rocket League, weather effects do play a role, but in a game such as Borderlands 2, you’ll see effects unique to that game such as “Bullet Decals” and “Foliage Distance”. Often, these will be a bit more self-explanatory.

重要的是要注意，游戏设置中的某些项目可能对该游戏来说是唯一的。 例如，在Rocket League中，天气效果确实起作用，但是在诸如Borderlands 2之类的游戏中，您会看到该游戏特有的效果，例如“ Bullet Decals”和“ Foliage Distance”。 通常，这些内容会更加不言自明。

Still, as you can see there are still items that you’re likely to see in all games, including anti-aliasing, ambient occlusion, and so on.

尽管如此，如您所见，在所有游戏中仍然可能会看到一些项目，包括抗锯齿，环境光遮蔽等。

In the end, what you want to see when you play and what you can actually do, will depend almost entirely upon your computer’s capabilities. If you use a laptop for the majority of your gaming, then it’s likely to be far more underpowered than a desktop computer with a dedicated graphics card. Moreover, in most desktops you can replace the graphics card while on a laptop you’re stuck with what you have.

最后，您在玩游戏时想要看到的以及实际可以做什么几乎完全取决于计算机的性能。 如果您在大部分游戏中都使用笔记本电脑，那么笔记本电脑的功能可能要比带有专用显卡的台式机强大得多。 此外，在大多数台式机上，您可以更换图形卡，而在笔记本电脑上则只能使用现有的图形卡。

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/239767/how-to-tweak-your-video-game-options-for-better-graphics-and-performance/

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