Java单元测试--参数化测试Parameterized的使用示例介绍

在做单元测试时，可能同一个方法需要传很多个不同的参数进行测试，但是写一个测试参数写一个测试方法会比较冗余，那么有什么办法可以将一组参数进行测试吗？答案是有的。
使用 Parameterized，在测试运行期允许使用者使用不同参数多次运行同一个测试。
下面是代码示例：
pom坐标：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>2.5.5</version><relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --></parent><groupId>com.example</groupId><artifactId>loan-server</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><name>loan-server</name><description>loan-server</description><properties><java.version>1.8</java.version><testcontainers.version>1.16.0</testcontainers.version></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><version>1.18.12</version><scope>provided</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>fastjson</artifactId><version>1.2.24</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><exclusions><exclusion><groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId><artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId></exclusion></exclusions><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId><artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency><!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/junit/junit --><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.12</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.jmockit/jmockit --><dependency><groupId>org.jmockit</groupId><artifactId>jmockit</artifactId><version>1.19</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.h2database</groupId><artifactId>h2</artifactId><version>1.4.197</version><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies><dependencyManagement><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.testcontainers</groupId><artifactId>testcontainers-bom</artifactId><version>${testcontainers.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency></dependencies></dependencyManagement><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId></plugin></plugins></build></project>

单元测试代码

@RunWith(Parameterized.class)
public class ValidatorTest {private static final String MAX_MALE_AND_LOAN_AGE = "65";private static final String MAX_LOAN_HOUSE_AGE = "40";private static final String MAX_FEMALE_AND_LOAN_AGE = "60";private Gender gender;private Integer lenderAge;private Integer loanAge;private Integer houseAge;private boolean canLoan;private String failMessage;public ValidatorTest(Gender gender, Integer lenderAge, Integer loanAge, Integer houseAge, boolean canLoan, String failMessage) {this.gender = gender;this.lenderAge = lenderAge;this.loanAge = loanAge;this.houseAge = houseAge;this.canLoan = canLoan;this.failMessage = failMessage;}@Parameterized.Parameterspublic static Collection<Object[]> data() {return Arrays.asList(new Object[][]{{Gender.MALE, 35, 30, 0, true, ""},{Gender.MALE, 36, 30, 0, false, "男性_主贷款人年龄_贷款年限不超过" + MAX_MALE_AND_LOAN_AGE},{Gender.MALE, 34, 32, 0, false, "男性_主贷款人年龄_贷款年限不超过" + MAX_MALE_AND_LOAN_AGE},{Gender.MALE, 35, 25, 16, false, "贷款年限_房龄不超过" + MAX_LOAN_HOUSE_AGE},{Gender.FEMALE, 30, 30, 0, true, ""},{Gender.FEMALE, 31, 30, 0, false, "女性_主贷款人年龄_贷款年限不超过" + MAX_FEMALE_AND_LOAN_AGE}});}@Testpublic void validate_user_loan_result() throws Exception {//givenUserLoanPlanMaterial user = new UserLoanPlanMaterial();user.setLenderAge(lenderAge);user.setGender(gender);HouseMaterial houseMaterial = new HouseMaterial();houseMaterial.setAge(houseAge);user.setHouseMaterial(houseMaterial);//whenString result = Validator.check(user, loanAge);//thenAssert.assertEquals(result, failMessage);}
}

实体类两个

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Builder
public class HouseMaterial {private Integer age;private BigDecimal price;
}

@Data
@Builder
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class UserLoanPlanMaterial {@TableId(type = IdType.AUTO)private Long id;private String idCard;private String name;private Gender gender;private BigDecimal income;private Integer lenderAge;private TogetherLender togetherLender;private HouseMaterial houseMaterial;private LocalDateTime createdAt;private LocalDateTime updatedAt;}

枚举类一个

public enum Gender {FEMALE, MALE
}

接口代码

public class Validator {private static final int MAX_MALE_AND_LOAN_AGE = 65;private static final int MAX_FEMALE_AND_LOAN_AGE = 60;private static final int MAX_LOAN_HOUSE_AGE = 40;public static String check(UserLoanPlanMaterial user, Integer loanAge) {if (user.getGender().equals(Gender.MALE) && (user.getLenderAge() + loanAge > MAX_MALE_AND_LOAN_AGE)) {return "男性_主贷款人年龄_贷款年限不超过" + MAX_MALE_AND_LOAN_AGE;}if (user.getGender().equals(Gender.FEMALE) && (user.getLenderAge() + loanAge > MAX_FEMALE_AND_LOAN_AGE)) {return "女性_主贷款人年龄_贷款年限不超过" + MAX_FEMALE_AND_LOAN_AGE;}if (user.getHouseMaterial().getAge() + loanAge > MAX_LOAN_HOUSE_AGE) {return "贷款年限_房龄不超过" + MAX_LOAN_HOUSE_AGE;}return "";}
}

运行结果如下：
如有问题可以下方留言~
喜欢的朋友欢迎一键三连。我们一起学习，进步~~

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