使用JTA解决多数据源事务问题
2024-05-06 06:45:44
分享知识 传递快乐
在一些复杂的应用开发中，一个应用可能会涉及到连接多个数据源，所谓多数据源可以简单理解为至少连接两个及以上的数据库。在动手之前最好先了解对JTA有个了解，可参考：浅谈 JTA 事务
项目环境
- springboot 2.3.1
- mybatis plus
- jta
项目依赖
pom.xml中关键依赖
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--JTA组件核心依赖-->
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jta-atomikos</artifactId>
</dependency><!-- mysql -->
<dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>8.0.19</version>
</dependency><!-- Druid 数据源 -->
<dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>1.1.22</version>
</dependency><!-- mybatis plus -->
<dependency><groupId>com.baomidou</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId><version>3.3.2</version>
</dependency>配置多数据源
application.yml
spring:profiles:active: localapplication:name: jta-centerdatasource:type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSourcetest-query: SELECT 1min-pool-size: 5max-pool-size: 20max-life-time: 0dynamic:datasource:one:driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver # 3.2.0开始支持SPI可省略此配置url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/one?characterEncoding=utf8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&autoReconnect=true&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghaiusername: rootpassword: roottow:driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/tow?characterEncoding=utf8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&autoReconnect=true&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghaiusername: rootpassword: root配置 DataSource
创建事务数据源
package com.jta.demo.common.dynamic;import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.MybatisConfiguration;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.spring.MybatisSqlSessionFactoryBean;
import com.mysql.cj.jdbc.MysqlXADataSource;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.springframework.boot.jta.atomikos.AtomikosDataSourceBean;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;import javax.sql.DataSource;/*** Title: 事务数据源* Description:**/
public class AtomikosDataSourceCreator {public static final String DATA_SOURCE_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.";/*** 创建数据源* <p>* 创建AtomikosDataSourceBean是使用Atomikos连接池的首选类** @param environment* @param uniqueResourceName* @param dataBase* @return*/public static AtomikosDataSourceBean createAtomikosDataSourceBean(Environment environment, String uniqueResourceName, String dataBase) {// 设置数据库连MysqlXADataSource mysqlXaDataSource = new MysqlXADataSource();mysqlXaDataSource.setDatabaseName(environment.getProperty(dataBase + "name"));mysqlXaDataSource.setURL(environment.getProperty(dataBase + "url"));mysqlXaDataSource.setUser(environment.getProperty(dataBase + "username"));mysqlXaDataSource.setPassword(environment.getProperty(dataBase + "password"));// 事务管理器AtomikosDataSourceBean xaDataSource = new AtomikosDataSourceBean();// 数据源唯一标识xaDataSource.setUniqueResourceName(uniqueResourceName);// XADataSource实现类，使用DruidXADataSourcexaDataSource.setXaDataSourceClassName(environment.getProperty(DATA_SOURCE_PREFIX + "type"));// 最小连接数，默认1xaDataSource.setMinPoolSize(environment.getProperty(DATA_SOURCE_PREFIX + "min-pool-size", Integer.class));// 最大连接数，默认1xaDataSource.setMaxPoolSize(environment.getProperty(DATA_SOURCE_PREFIX + "max-pool-size", Integer.class));// 设置连接在池中被自动销毁之前保留的最大秒数。 可选，默认为0（无限制）。xaDataSource.setMaxLifetime(environment.getProperty(DATA_SOURCE_PREFIX + "max-life-time", Integer.class));// 返回连接前用于测试连接的SQL查询xaDataSource.setTestQuery(environment.getProperty(DATA_SOURCE_PREFIX + "test-query"));xaDataSource.setBorrowConnectionTimeout(60);xaDataSource.setXaDataSource(mysqlXaDataSource);return xaDataSource;}/*** 创建SqlSessionFactory实例*/public static SqlSessionFactory createSqlSessionFactory(DataSource dataSource) throws Exception {/*** 必须使用MybatisSqlSessionFactoryBean，* 不能使用SqlSessionFactoryBean，不然会报invalid bound statement (not found)** com.baomidou.mybatisplus.autoconfigure.MybatisPlusAutoConfiguration#sqlSessionFactory(javax.sql.DataSource)* 源码中也是使用MybatisSqlSessionFactoryBean* 并且源码中使用了@ConditionalOnMissingBean，即IOC中如果存在了SqlSessionFactory实例，mybatis-plus就不创建SqlSessionFactory实例了*/MybatisSqlSessionFactoryBean sessionFactoryBean = new MybatisSqlSessionFactoryBean();sessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource);MybatisConfiguration configuration = new MybatisConfiguration();sessionFactoryBean.setConfiguration(configuration);return sessionFactoryBean.getObject();}
}
创建 one 数据源
package com.jta.demo.common.dynamic.datasource;import com.jta.demo.common.dynamic.AtomikosDataSourceCreator;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;import javax.sql.DataSource;@Slf4j
@Configuration
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.jta.demo.mappers.one.mapper", sqlSessionFactoryRef = OneDataSourcesConfiguration.SQL_SESSION_FACTORY)
public class OneDataSourcesConfiguration {public static final String DATABASE_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.dynamic.datasource.one.";public static final String DATA_SOURCE_NAME = "oneDataSource";public static final String SQL_SESSION_FACTORY = "oneSqlSessionFactory";/*** 通过配置文件创建DataSource，一个数据库对应一个DataSource** @param environment 环境变量，spring-boot会自动将IOC中的environment实例设置给本参数值* 由于IOC中有多个DataSource实例，必须给其中一个实例加上@Primary*/@Primary@Bean(DATA_SOURCE_NAME)public DataSource dataSource(Environment environment) {log.info("initialize the one database...");return AtomikosDataSourceCreator.createAtomikosDataSourceBean(environment, DATA_SOURCE_NAME, DATABASE_PREFIX);}/*** 通过dataSource创建SqlSessionFactory* 由于IOC中有多个DataSource实例，必须给其中一个实例加上@Primary*/@Primary@Bean(name = SQL_SESSION_FACTORY)public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier(DATA_SOURCE_NAME) DataSource dataSource) throws Exception {return AtomikosDataSourceCreator.createSqlSessionFactory(dataSource);}}
创建 two 数据源
package com.jta.demo.common.dynamic.datasource;import com.jta.demo.common.dynamic.AtomikosDataSourceCreator;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;import javax.sql.DataSource;@Slf4j
@Configuration
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.jta.demo.mappers.two.mapper", sqlSessionFactoryRef = TwoDataSourcesConfiguration.SQL_SESSION_FACTORY)
public class TwoDataSourcesConfiguration {public static final String DATABASE_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.dynamic.datasource.two.";public static final String DATA_SOURCE_NAME = "twoDataSource";public static final String SQL_SESSION_FACTORY = "twoSqlSessionFactory";@Bean(DATA_SOURCE_NAME)public DataSource dataSource(Environment environment) {log.info("initialize the two database...");return AtomikosDataSourceCreator.createAtomikosDataSourceBean(environment, DATA_SOURCE_NAME, DATABASE_PREFIX);}@Bean(name = SQL_SESSION_FACTORY)public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier(DATA_SOURCE_NAME) DataSource dataSource) throws Exception {return AtomikosDataSourceCreator.createSqlSessionFactory(dataSource);}
}
分布式事务配置
package com.jta.demo.common.dynamic;import com.atomikos.icatch.jta.UserTransactionImp;
import com.atomikos.icatch.jta.UserTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;
import org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager;import javax.transaction.TransactionManager;
import javax.transaction.UserTransaction;/*** Title: 分布式事务配置* Description:*/
@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
public class TransactionManagerConfiguration {/*** 初始化JTA事务管理器*/@Bean(name = "userTransaction")// TODO 知识点，有兴趣可以了解以下 @SneakyThrows(Exception.class)
// @SneakyThrows(Exception.class)public UserTransaction userTransaction() throws Throwable {UserTransactionImp userTransactionImp = new UserTransactionImp();userTransactionImp.setTransactionTimeout(10000);return userTransactionImp;}/*** 初始化Atomikos事务管理器*/@Bean(name = "atomikosTransactionManager")public TransactionManager atomikosTransactionManager() throws Throwable {UserTransactionManager userTransactionManager = new UserTransactionManager();userTransactionManager.setForceShutdown(false);userTransactionManager.setTransactionTimeout(999999999);return userTransactionManager;}/*** 加载事务管理*/@Bean(name = "transactionManager")public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager(@Qualifier("atomikosTransactionManager") TransactionManager atomikosTransactionManager, @Qualifier("userTransaction") UserTransaction userTransaction) throws Throwable {return new JtaTransactionManager(userTransaction(), atomikosTransactionManager());}
}到此多数据源事务已经配置完成，接下来需要完成业务代码即可。
注意
在使用JTA处理多数据源事务时，在执行业务逻辑时间较长时会出现事务超时的问题。
常见下异常如下：
Transaction 127.0.0.1.tm151796505627700002 has timed out and will rollback.
或
nested exception is javax.transaction.RollbackException: Prepare: NO vote由于JTA事务默认超时时间是100000毫秒，超过这个时间，提交事务就会抛出异常。此时需要增加一个 jta.properties 配置文件。
修改事务默认超时时间。
# SAMPLE PROPERTIES FILE FOR THE TRANSACTION SERVICE
# THIS FILE ILLUSTRATES THE DIFFERENT SETTINGS FOR THE TRANSACTION MANAGER
# UNCOMMENT THE ASSIGNMENTS TO OVERRIDE DEFAULT VALUES;# Required: factory implementation class of the transaction core.
# NOTE: there is no default for this, so it MUST be specified!
#
com.atomikos.icatch.service=com.atomikos.icatch.standalone.UserTransactionServiceFactory
#com.atomikos.icatch.max_timeout=2000# Set base name of file where messages are output
# (also known as the 'console file').
#
# com.atomikos.icatch.console_file_name = tm.out# Size limit (in bytes) for the console file;
# negative means unlimited.
#
# com.atomikos.icatch.console_file_limit=-1# For size-limited console files, this option
# specifies a number of rotating files to
# maintain.
#
# com.atomikos.icatch.console_file_count=1# Set the number of log writes between checkpoints
#
# com.atomikos.icatch.checkpoint_interval=500# Set output directory where console file and other files are to be put
# make sure this directory exists!
#
# com.atomikos.icatch.output_dir = ./# Set directory of log files; make sure this directory exists!
#
# com.atomikos.icatch.log_base_dir = ./# Set base name of log file
# this name will be used as the first part of
# the system-generated log file name
#
# com.atomikos.icatch.log_base_name = tmlog# Set the max number of active local transactions
# or -1 for unlimited.
#
# com.atomikos.icatch.max_actives = 50# Set the default timeout (in milliseconds) for local transactions
#
# com.atomikos.icatch.default_jta_timeout = 10000# Set the max timeout (in milliseconds) for local transactions
#
# com.atomikos.icatch.max_timeout = 300000# The globally unique name of this transaction manager process
# override this value with a globally unique name
#
# com.atomikos.icatch.tm_unique_name = tm# Do we want to use parallel subtransactions? JTA's default
# is NO for J2EE compatibility
#
#com.atomikos.icatch.serial_jta_transactions=false# If you want to do explicit resource registration then
# you need to set this value to false.
#
# com.atomikos.icatch.automatic_resource_registration=true# Set this to WARN, INFO or DEBUG to control the granularity
# of output to the console file.
#
# com.atomikos.icatch.console_log_level=WARN# Do you want transaction logging to be enabled or not?
# If set to false, then no logging overhead will be done
# at the risk of losing data after restart or crash.
#
# com.atomikos.icatch.enable_logging=true# Should two-phase commit be done in (multi-)threaded mode or not?
# Set this to false if you want commits to be ordered according
# to the order in which resources are added to the transaction.
#
# NOTE: threads are reused on JDK 1.5 or higher.
# For JDK 1.4, thread reuse is enabled as soon as the
# concurrent backport is in the classpath - see
# http://mirrors.ibiblio.org/pub/mirrors/maven2/backport-util-concurrent/backport-util-concurrent/
#
# com.atomikos.icatch.threaded_2pc=false# Should shutdown of the VM trigger shutdown of the transaction core too?
#
# com.atomikos.icatch.force_shutdown_on_vm_exit=false# 以上是完整的配置
#
# 配置最大的事务活动个数，-1代表无限制
com.atomikos.icatch.max_actives = -1# 默认超时时间，单位：毫秒
com.atomikos.icatch.default_jta_timeout = 3000000# 默认最大超时时间，单位：毫秒
com.atomikos.icatch.max_timeout = 600000
—————————
如有不足请留言指正
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