一、创键项目

1.创建目录 koa2

2.npm init 创建 package.json，然后执行 npm install

3.通过 npm install koa 安装 koa 模块

4.通过 npm install supervisor 安装supervisor模块, 用于node热启动

5.在根目录下中新建 index.js 文件，作为入口文件， 内容如下：

const Koa = require('koa'); // Koa 为一个class

const app = new Koa();

app.use(async (ctx, next) => {

await next();

ctx.response.body = 'Hello, koa2!';

});

app.listen(9527, () => {

console.log('This server is running at http://localhost:' + 9527)

})

6.配置package

{

"name": "koa",

"version": "1.0.0",

"description": "",

"main": "koa.js",

"scripts": {

"serve": "supervisor koa.js"

},

"author": "",

"license": "ISC",

"dependencies": {

"koa": "^2.7.0",

"supervisor": "^0.12.0"

}

}

7 . 启动

npm run serve

二、路由配置

cnpm i koa-router

const router = new Router(); // 实例化路由

router.get('/', async (ctx, next) => {

ctx.response.body = '

好家伙

';

});

app.use(router.routes());

路由参数

//请求地址 www.*****/sss?from=1

router.get('/hello/:name', async (ctx, next) => {

var name = ctx.params.name; // 获取请求参数 sss

var from = ctx.query.from; // 1

ctx.response.body = `

好家伙, ${name}!

`;

});

三、请求

post

const bodyParser = require('koa-bodyparser');

app.use(bodyParser());

router.post('/login', async (ctx, next) => {

let name = ctx.request.body.name;

let password = ctx.request.body.password;

console.log(name, password);

ctx.response.body = `

好家伙, ${name}!

`;

});

get

router.get('/', async (ctx, next) => {

ctx.response.body = '

好家伙

'

});

四、html模板

1、好处

使用html模板，将html从js中分离出去，有助于项目开发和管理。而且，html模板在koa2中，必须通过中间件来实现。

2、koa-views + nunjucks实现html模板

nunjucks.configure(resolve(__dirname, 'views'), { autoescape: true });

app.use(views(__dirname + '/views', {

map: { html: 'nunjucks' }

}));

五、操作静态资源

1、静态资源在开发中的地位

静态资源环境在服务端是十分常用的一种服务，在后台开发中不仅有需要代码处理的业务逻辑请求，也会有很多的静态资源请求。比如请求js，css，jpg，png这些静态资源请求。也非常的多，有些时候还会访问静态资源路径。

2、koa-static-cache实现静态资源操作

app.use(

staticCache(resolve("dist"), {

maxAge: 365 * 24 * 60 * 60

})

)

六、进阶

1、结构

入口文件(index.js)

const Koa = require('koa')

const bodyParser = require('koa-bodyparser');

const staticCache = require('koa-static-cache');

const views = require('koa-views')

const {resolve} = require('path')

const R = require('ramda')

const MIDDLEWARES = ['router'] //中间件配置文件

const nunjucks = require('nunjucks')

const logsUtil = require('../utils/logs.js');

//中间件导入 路由导入

const useMiddlewares = (app) => {

R.map(

R.compose(

R.forEachObjIndexed(

initWith => initWith(app)

),

require,

name => resolve(__dirname, `./middlewares/${name}`)

)

)(MIDDLEWARES)

}

;(async () => {

const app = new Koa();

// view engine setup

nunjucks.configure(resolve(__dirname, 'views'), { autoescape: true });

//views with nunjucks

app.use(views(__dirname + '/views', {

map: { html: 'nunjucks' }

}));

app.use(bodyParser());

app.use(logsUtil.accessInfo()); //访问日志

//静态资源配置缓存

app.use(

staticCache(resolve("dist"), {

maxAge: 365 * 24 * 60 * 60

})

)

app.on('error', err => {

});

app.use(async (ctx,next) => {

await next()

if(parseInt(ctx.status) === 404){

ctx.response.redirect("/404")

}

});

await useMiddlewares(app) //导入中间件

app.listen(9527,() => {

console.log('Server running on port %d', 9527);

})

})()

2、路由中间件封装

1.新建middlewares文件夹   在下面新建router.js

2.新建lib文件夹 在下面新建decorator.js

3.新建routes下面新建views.js

router.js

const { Route } = require('../lib/decorator')

const { resolve } = require('path')

export const router = app => {

const apiPath = resolve(__dirname, '../routes')

const router = new Route(app, apiPath);

router.init()

}

decorator.js

const Router = require('koa-router')

const { resolve } = require('path')

const _ = require('lodash')

const glob = require('glob')

const R = require('ramda')

const symbolPrefix = Symbol('prefix')

const routerMap = new Map()

const isArray = c => _.isArray(c) ? c : [c]

export class Route {

constructor (app, apiPath) {

this.app = app

this.apiPath = apiPath

this.router = new Router()

}

init () {

glob.sync(resolve(this.apiPath, './**/*.js')).forEach(require)

for (let [conf, controller] of routerMap) {

const controllers = isArray(controller)

let prefixPath = conf.target[symbolPrefix]

if (prefixPath) prefixPath = normalizePath(prefixPath)

const routerPath = prefixPath + conf.path

this.router[conf.method](routerPath, ...controllers)

}

this.app.use(this.router.routes())

this.app.use(this.router.allowedMethods())

}

}

const normalizePath = path => path.startsWith('/') ? path : `/${path}`

const router = conf => (target, key, descriptor) => {

conf.path = normalizePath(conf.path)

routerMap.set({

target: target,

...conf

}, target[key])

}

export const controller = path => target => (target.prototype[symbolPrefix] = path)

export const get = path => router({

method: 'get',

path: path

})

export const post = path => router({

method: 'post',

path: path

})

export const put = path => router({

method: 'put',

path: path

})

export const del = path => router({

method: 'delete',

path: path

})

export const use = path => router({

method: 'use',

path: path

})

export const all = path => router({

method: 'all',

path: path

})

view.js

const { controller, get } = require('../lib/decorator')

@controller('')

export class viewController {

@get('/')

async home(ctx, next) {

await ctx.render('index', {

})

}

@get('/service')

async enter(ctx, next) {

await ctx.render('service', {

title: '',

})

}

@get('/404')

async pageNUll(ctx, next) {

await ctx.render('404', {

title: ' ',

})

}

}

3、日志文件

cnpm i koa-log4

config/logs.jsvar path = require('path');

//日志根目录

var baseLogPath = path.resolve(__dirname, '../logs')

/*报错输出日志*/

//错误日志目录、文件名、输出完整路径

var errorPath = "/error";

var errorFileName = "error";

var errorLogPath = baseLogPath + errorPath + "/" + errorFileName;

/*请求数据得到响应时输出响应日志*/

//响应日志目录、文件名、输出完整路径

var responsePath = "/response";

var responseFileName = "response";

var responseLogPath = baseLogPath + responsePath + "/" + responseFileName;

/*操作数据库进行增删改等敏感操作记录日志*/

//操作日志目录、文件名、输出完整路径

var handlePath = "/handle";

var handleFileName = "handle";

var handleLogPath = baseLogPath + handlePath + "/" + handleFileName;

/*访问级别日志*/

var accessPath = "/access"

var accessFileName = "access";

var accessLogPath = baseLogPath + accessPath + "/" + accessFileName;

/*访问级别日志*/

var reqPath = "/req"

var reqFileName = "req";

var reqLogPath = baseLogPath + reqPath + "/" + reqFileName;

module.exports = {

//日志格式等设置

appenders:

{

"rule-console": {"type": "console"},

"errorLogger": {

"type": "dateFile",

"filename": errorLogPath,

"pattern": "-yyyy-MM-dd.log",

"alwaysIncludePattern": true,

"encoding": "utf-8",

"path": errorPath

},

"resLogger": {

"type": "dateFile",

"filename": responseLogPath,

"pattern": "-yyyy-MM-dd.log",

"alwaysIncludePattern": true,

"encoding": "utf-8",

// "maxLogSize": 204800,

// "numBackups": 3,

"path": responsePath

},

"handleLogger": {

"type": "dateFile",

"filename": handleLogPath,//生成文件路径和文件名

"pattern": "-yyyy-MM-dd.log",

"alwaysIncludePattern": true,

"encoding": "utf-8",

// "maxLogSize": 204800,

// "numBackups": 3,

"path": handlePath

},

"accessLogger": {

"type": "dateFile",

"filename": accessLogPath,

"pattern": "-yyyy-MM-dd.log",

"alwaysIncludePattern": true,

"encoding": "utf-8",

// "maxLogSize": 204800,

// "numBackups": 3,

"path": accessPath

},

"reqLogger": {

"type": "dateFile",

"filename": reqLogPath,

"pattern": "-yyyy-MM-dd.log",

"alwaysIncludePattern": true,

"encoding": "utf-8",

// "maxLogSize": 204800,

// "numBackups": 3,

"path": reqPath

},

},

//供外部调用的名称和对应设置定义

categories: {

"default": {"appenders": ["rule-console"], "level": "all"},

"resLogger": {"appenders": ["resLogger"], "level": "info"},

"errorLogger": {"appenders": ["errorLogger"], "level": "error"},

"handleLogger": {"appenders": ["handleLogger"], "level": "all"},

"accessLogger": {"appenders": ["accessLogger"], "level": "all"},

"reqLogger": {"appenders": ["reqLogger"], "level": "error"}

},

"baseLogPath": baseLogPath

}

log.js

var log4js = require('koa-log4');

var logsConfig = require('../config/logs.js');

//加载配置文件

log4js.configure(logsConfig);

//调用预先定义的日志名称

var resLogger = log4js.getLogger("resLogger");

var errorLogger = log4js.getLogger("errorLogger");

var handleLogger = log4js.getLogger("handleLogger");

var reqLogger = log4js.getLogger("reqLogger");

var consoleLogger = log4js.getLogger();

exports.accessInfo = () => log4js.koaLogger(log4js.getLogger('accessLogger'));//访问日志

exports.logInfo = (data) => {consoleLogger.info(data)}

.............

.............

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