复习IBT作文经验汇总

There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life．Firstly，people’s living standard has been greatly improved．Secondly，most people are well paid， and they can afford what they need or like．Last but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life．

注：如考生写第一个句子没有把握，可将其改写成两个句子。如：Great changes have taken place in our life． There are three reasons for this．这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。

2．表示好处

1）It has the following advantages．

2）It does us a lot of good．

3）It benefits us quite a lot．

4）It is beneficial to us．

5）It is of great benefit to us．

例如：

Books are like friends．They can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizons．Therefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us．

3．表示坏处

1）It has more disadvantages than advantages．

2）It does us much harm．

3）It is harmful to us．

例如：

However，everything divides into two．Television can also be harmful to us．It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television．

4．表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能

1）It is important（necessary，difficult，convenient， possible）for sb．to do sth．

2）We think it necessary to do sth．

3）It plays an important role in our life．

例如：

Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in business．Soon， computers will be found in every home，too．We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age．

5．表示措施

1）We should take some effective measures．

2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties．

3）We should do our utmost in doing sth．

4）We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with．

例如：

The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious．Therefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it．

6．表示变化

1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years．

2）A great change will certainly be produced in the world’s communications．

3）The computer has brought about many changes in education．

例如：

Some changes have taken place in people’s diet in the past five years．The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek．Nowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins．

7．表示事实、现状

1）We cannot ignore the fact that．．．

2）No one can deny the fact that．．．

3）There is no denying the fact that．．．

4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in．

5）However，that’s not the case．

例如：

We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollution．To solve these problems， we can start by educating the public about the hazards of pollution．The government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment．

8．表示比较

1）Compared with A，B．．．

2）I prefer to read rather than watch TV．

3）There is a striking contrast between them．

例如：

Compared with cars，bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable．Firstly，they do not consume natural resources of petroleum．Secondly，they do not cause the pollution problem．Last but not least，they contribute to people’s health by giving them due physical exercise．

9．表示数量

1）It has increased（decreased）from．．．to．．．

2）The population in this city has now increased （decreased）to 800，000．

3）The output of July in this factory increased by 15％ compared with that of January．

例如：

With the improvement of the living standard，the proportion of people’s income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased．

再如：

From the graph listed above，it can be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000．

10．表示看法

1）People have（take，adopt，assume）different attitudes towards sth．

2）People have different opinions on this problem．

3）People take different views of（on）the question．

4）Some people believe that．．．Others argue that．．．

例如：

People have different attitudes towards failure．Some believe that failure leads to success．

Every failure they experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavor．However， others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category of losers．

再如：

Do “lucky numbers really bring good luck？Different people have different views on it．

注：一个段落有时很适宜以问句开始，考生应掌握这一写作方法。

11．表示结论

1）In short，it can be said that ．．．

2）It may be briefly summed up as follows．

3）From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that ．．．

例如：

From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that examination is necessary，however， its method should be improved．

注：例句1可用于任何一个段落的结论句；例句3则多用文章结论段的第一句。

12．套语

1）It’s well known to us that ．．．

2）As is known to us，．．．

3）This is a topic that is being widely talked about．

4）From the graph（table，chart）listed above，it can be seen that ．．．

5）As a proverb says，“Where there is a will，there is a way．

例如：

As is well known to us，it is important for the students to know the world outside campus．

The reason for this is obvious．Nowadays，the society is changing and developing rapidly，and the campus is no longer an “ivory tower”．As college students，we must get in touch with the world outside the campus．Only in this way can we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graduate．

再如：

Does it pay to be honest？This is a topic that is being widely talked about and different people have different opinions on it．

摆脱写作中的垃圾词汇

相信大家都有这样的感受,明明是背了很多的单词，可写作文时，总是用一些高中或小学的词汇。（又称垃圾词汇），为了更好的克服这样的情况，我总结了一些常用的替代语,希望对大家有所帮助:

垃圾词汇1:help

典型例句:I"ll help you .

替代语 accommodate E.g.: I’ll endeavor to accommodate you.

垃圾词汇2: helpful

典型例句:Sth is helpful (to sb)

替代语 conducive E.g. Sth is conducive to sb

鉴于考研作文多关于道德和品格塑造,再给出两个有用的短语:

time-honored 时代赋予的

do credit to our forbears 继承先辈的优秀传统

垃圾词汇3:show

典型例句:as it shows in the picture

替代语 betray

垃圾词汇4:think

典型例句:I think ---- ----

替代语deem E.g. He deemed that it was his duty to help. 他认为他有责任加以援助.

垃圾词汇5:ugly

典型例句:xxx is ugly

替代语 hideous

垃圾词汇6:by the way

典型例句:by the way,....

替代语 incidentally,....

垃圾词汇7: because

典型例句:xxx because xxx

替代语 in that/in as much as

垃圾词汇8: consider

典型例句: We must consider xxx

替代语: allow for E.g. : We must allow for xxx

垃圾词汇9: much

典型例句: there has been a much increase in the world population

替代语:there has been a drastic increase in the -----

垃圾词汇10: about

典型例句:it is about 250 times of that

替代语 it is approximately ---

垃圾词汇11: buy

替代语purchase

写作8原则

1.Organize your thoughts before writing: brainstorm、make an outline、etc.

下笔前整合思绪：脑力激荡，写出纲要等。

2. Write clearly. Be concise. Avoid wordiness.

写作清晰，务必精简，避免赘言。

3. Use good grammar and write complete sentences.

使用好的文法，写出完整句子。

4. Write simple sentences. Avoid a fancy style.

尝试简单句，避免花俏的句法。

5.Avoid slang、cliché and informal words.

避免俚语、陈腔滥调和非正式用字。

6. Avoid use of the first person (i.e. I/me/my) unless necessary to specific piece

除非必要，避免使用第一人称：如“我/我的”。

7. Writing naturally. Read it aloud. Does it sound natural? Does it flow?

自然挥洒，大声朗诵。整篇文章听起来自然吗？通顺吗？

8. Move logically from one idea to the next. Don't skip steps.

上下句意要合乎逻辑。别毫无章法乱跳。

英语与汉语语篇的差别

有专家总结了一个很好的东西，叫形合与意合。英语就是属于形合语言，当然，汉语就属于意合语言了。什么是形合什么是意合呢？所谓形合，就是说英语需要形式的合拍。我经常讲一句话，就是，英语是逻辑语言，法制语言，很讲究根据的，这个主要是因为西方语言是在希腊罗马文化背景下发展出来，以前的什么逻辑学呢数学呢都对这个语言产生了巨大的影响。

一般认为嘛，英语的来源有三个点，第一个是希腊罗马神话，第二个呢，是圣经，第三个则是我们熟悉的大作家莎士比亚[目前尚且存在争议，有的人认为莎士比亚是个创作组，有的认为呢，是另外一个人找的替代名字等等]。正是因为英语有这个发展的脉络所以注定了它的形合。

形合语言非常重视结构上的完整和表达的科学性。比如说，英语中经常交代连接词告诉你为什么这样，我吃饭，因为饿了。因此，英语在交代一个事情的时候往往更注重其科学性或逻辑性。比如 "When they get to the top branches, they fly down to the base of the next tree and spiral up again. " 在交代到下棵树的时候，他交代了动作，先下来down，然后再to 靠近。分解这个动作的本身是为了逻辑的表达准确。

而相反，我们汉语却没有这么讲究，我们可以直接说“飞奔到了那附近的一克树下”，这在外国人理解起来有点费解。再比如，在英语中的不少介词诸如into，onto, within, without 都有两层意思, into其实先是 to[接近]，然后才能 in[进入]。

汉语却不这样了，比如，在《改造我们的学习》中就有很多人所谓的“病句” ，即不懂语法。既然语法上讲不通，为什么全国人民却能很容易读懂呢？这个正说明了我们汉语的意合。即，只求意义的整合，不求逻辑的严密。

定语从句易犯的小错误

由于定语从句的结构和用法比较复杂，初学者在使用时往往容易犯一些错误，最常见的有如下七种：

一、在定语从句中加了多余的定语。如：　　

　　1．误：Some of the boys I invited them didn’t come．

　　正：Some of the boys I invited didn’t come．

　　译：我邀请的男孩中有几个没有来。

　　析：应删去them，因为从句的宾语是省略了的whom，who或that。　

　　2．误：The book that you need it is in the library．

　　正：The book that you need is in the library．

　　译：你需要的书在图书馆里。

　　析：应删去it，因为从句的宾语是关系代词that。

二、把定语从句谓语动词的单、复数弄错。如：　

　　1．误：Anyone who break the law will be punished．

　　正：Anyone who breaks the law will be punished．

　　译：任何违犯法律的人将被处罚。

　　析：应改break为breaks，因为who指anyone，是单数。　

　　2．误：Those who has finished may go home．

　　正：Those who have finished may go home．

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复习新托福iBT英文写作经验汇总

复习IBT作文经验汇总

具体做法:

八项注意:

写作中常用的句子

摆脱写作中的垃圾词汇

写作8原则

英语与汉语语篇的差别

定语从句易犯的小错误

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