10-RabbitMQ-整合SpringBoot

RabbitMQ整个SpringBoot

SpringBoot因其配置简单、快速开发，已经成为热门的开发之一

消息中间件的工作过程可以用生产者消费者模型来表示.即,生产者不断的向消息队列发送信息

而消费者从消息队列中消费信息.具体过程如下:

从上图可看出,对于消息队列来说,生产者,消息队列,消费者是最重要的三个概念

生产者发消息到消息队列中去,消费者监听指定的消息队列,并且当消息队列收到消息之后,

接收消息队列传来的消息,并且给予相应的处理.消息队列常用于分布式系统之间互相信息的传递.

使用SpringBoot进行整合RabbitMQ

1.pom文件的引入

这是操作RabbitMQ的starter必须要进行引入的

     <dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId></dependency>

2.配置文件进行基础的配置

spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/user
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.password=user
spring.rabbitmq.username=user
spring.rabbitmq.host=192.168.43.157

RabbitMQ的模式

1、direct模式

配置Queue(消息队列).那注意由于采用的是Direct模式,需要在配置Queue的时候,指定一个键

使其和交换机绑定.

DirectQueue.java

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;@Configuration
public class DirectQueue {//若队列不存在则进行创建队列　　 //返回的是队列名字@Beanpublic Queue queue(){return new Queue("direct_queue");}
}

消息生产者

Sender.java

import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Component
public class Sender {@Autowiredprivate AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;public void send(){String msg = "direct_queue";User user = new User();user.setName("MrChegns");user.setAge(12);amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("direct_queue",user);}}

此时发送的消息是一个User类型的对象

对于发送对象需要实现序列化接口

User.java

package com.cr.rabbitmqs.direct;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class User implements Serializable {private String name;private int age;public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public int getAge() {return age;}public void setAge(int age) {this.age = age;}public User(String name, int age) {this.name = name;this.age = age;}public User() {}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "User{" +"name='" + name + '\'' +", age=" + age +'}';}
}

消费者

Receive.java

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Component
public class Receive {//对队列进行监听　　　//同时可以监听多个队列   @RabbitListener(queues = "direct_queue")public void listen(User msg){System.out.println(msg);}
}

测试：

 @Autowiredprivate  Sender sender;@Testpublic void test1(){sender.send();}

得到的结果i：

2、topic模式

首先我们看发送端,我们需要配置队列Queue,再配置交换机(Exchange)

再把队列按照相应的规则绑定到交换机上

Topic.java

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;@Configuration
public class Topic {//创建队列@Bean(name = "message")public Queue Aqueue(){return  new Queue("message.topic");}@Bean(name = "message1")public Queue BQueue(){return  new Queue("message.topics");}//交换机//若不存在则进行创建交换机
    @Beanpublic TopicExchange exchange(){return new TopicExchange("topic_exchange");}//交换机和队列进行绑定@BeanBinding bindingExchangeTopic(@Qualifier("message")Queue message,TopicExchange exchange){return BindingBuilder.bind(message).to(exchange).with("message.topic");}@BeanBinding bindingExchangeTopics(@Qualifier("message1")Queue message,TopicExchange exchange){return BindingBuilder.bind(message).to(exchange).with("message.#");}
}

消费者

Receive1.java

import com.cr.rabbitmqs.direct.User;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Component
public class Receive1 {
@RabbitListener(queues = "message.topic")public void tes(User user){System.out.println( "user1111:" + user);}
}

Receive2.java

import com.cr.rabbitmqs.direct.User;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Component
public class Receive2 {  @RabbitListener(queues = "message.topics")public void tes(User user){System.out.println("user222:" + user);}
}

消息生产者：

TopicSend.java

import com.cr.rabbitmqs.direct.User;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Component
public class TopicSend {@Autowiredprivate AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;//发送消息public void send(){User user = new User("name",12);amqpTemplate.convertSendAndReceive("topic_exchange","message.dev",user);}//发送消息public void send1(){

　　 User user = new User("name",12);

 　　amqpTemplate.convertSendAndReceive("topic_exchange","message.topic",user );

} }

在开发中这种模式的使用还是相对比较多的，此时测试的是两种方法

一个方法所有的队列都可以进行获取

一个方法只有一个队列可以获取到消息

测试：

    @Autowiredprivate TopicSend topicSend;@Testpublic  void ttt(){topicSend.send();}

测试：

    @Autowiredprivate TopicSend topicSend;@Testpublic  void ttt(){topicSend.send1();}

后台查看交换机和队列的绑定关系以机相关的路由键

3、fanout

那前面已经介绍过了,Fanout Exchange形式又叫广播形式,因此我们发送到路由器的消息会使

得绑定到该路由器的每一个Queue接收到消息,这个时候就算指定了Key,或者规则(即上文中

convertAndSend方法的参数2),也会被忽略!那么直接上代码,发送端配置如下：

Fanout.java

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.FanoutExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;@Configuration
public class Fanout {//队列//如果队列不存在会自动创建队列@Beanpublic Queue queueA(){return new Queue("queueA");}
@Beanpublic Queue queueB(){return new Queue("queueB");}@Beanpublic Queue queueC(){return new Queue("queueC");}//交换机//如果交换机不存在会自动创建队列
    @Beanpublic FanoutExchange fanoutExchange(){return new FanoutExchange("fanoutExchange");}//将交换机和队列进行绑定
    @BeanBinding bindingExchangequeueA(Queue queueA,FanoutExchange fanoutExchange){return BindingBuilder.bind(queueA).to(fanoutExchange);}@BeanBinding bindingExchangequeueB(Queue queueB,FanoutExchange fanoutExchange){return BindingBuilder.bind(queueB).to(fanoutExchange);}@BeanBinding bindingExchangequeueC(Queue queueC,FanoutExchange fanoutExchange){return BindingBuilder.bind(queueC).to(fanoutExchange);}
}

消费者：

FanoutReceive.java

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Component
//监听器
@RabbitListener(queues = "queueA")
public class FanoutReceive {//监听的方法@RabbitHandlerpublic void listen(String  msg){System.out.println("queueA" + msg);}}

FanoutSender.java

import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Component
public class FanoutSender {    @Autowiredprivate AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;//发送消息public void send(){String  msg = "test fanout....";//发送消息：参数依次是  交换机名字--路由键（此时设置路由键没有作用）--消息amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("fanoutExchange","",msg);}
}

测试：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class BpptandrabbitmqApplicationTests {//测试fanout
    @Autowiredprivate FanoutSender fanoutSender;@Testpublic void fanout() {fanoutSender.send();}}

此时3个队列都能接收到消息

交换机、队列以及路由键

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/Mrchengs/p/10539003.html