SOAP JAVA实例

本文档介绍了Java调用SOAP Web Service的简单应用。

一、SOAP

SOAP（Simple Object Access Protocol）是一种交换数据的协议规范，特点是轻量级、基于XML。

请求和响应都是xml的形式，示例如下：

request

POST /regcodeService.asmx HTTP/1.1
Host: weixin.fscut.com
Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: length
SOAPAction: "https://weixin.fscut.com/MakeRegCode"

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><soap:Header><SessionHeader xmlns="https://weixin.fscut.com"><LangID>int</LangID><SvcVersion>int</SvcVersion><OEMCode>int</OEMCode><SessionID>string</SessionID><OperFrom>string</OperFrom></SessionHeader></soap:Header><soap:Body><MakeRegCode xmlns="https://weixin.fscut.com"><Serial>string</Serial><ExpireDate>string</ExpireDate><Flags>int</Flags><CustomName>string</CustomName><Mobile>string</Mobile><Comment>string</Comment></MakeRegCode></soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>

response

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: length

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><soap:Body><MakeRegCodeResponse xmlns="https://weixin.fscut.com"><MakeRegCodeResult><Status>int</Status><ErrMsg>string</ErrMsg><Data>string</Data></MakeRegCodeResult></MakeRegCodeResponse></soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>

由示例可以看出，一条SOAP消息就是一个XML文档，一般包含以下元素：

Envelope，标识此XML是一条SOAP消息
Header，头部信息
Body，调用和响应信息
Fault，处理消息时发生的错误信息

按照处理XML的方式读写即可。

二、在Java中应用

参考：

How to do a SOAP Web Service call from Java class

首先要创建客户端发起请求，与URL请求类似，步骤如下：

创建连接
设置MimeHeaders
设置参数（soapHeader + soapBody）
解析response

import javax.xml.soap.*;

public class SOAPClientSAAJ {
// SAAJ - SOAP Client Testingpublic static void main(String args[]) {/*The example below requests from the Web Service at:https://www.w3schools.com/xml/tempconvert.asmx?op=CelsiusToFahrenheit

To call other WS, change the parameters below, which are:- the SOAP Endpoint URL (that is, where the service is responding from)- the SOAP Action
Also change the contents of the method createSoapEnvelope() in this class. It constructsthe inner part of the SOAP envelope that is actually sent.*/String soapEndpointUrl = "https://www.w3schools.com/xml/tempconvert.asmx";String soapAction = "https://www.w3schools.com/xml/CelsiusToFahrenheit";
callSoapWebService(soapEndpointUrl, soapAction);}
private static void createSoapEnvelope(SOAPMessage soapMessage) throws SOAPException {SOAPPart soapPart = soapMessage.getSOAPPart();
String myNamespace = "myNamespace";String myNamespaceURI = "https://www.w3schools.com/xml/";
// SOAP EnvelopeSOAPEnvelope envelope = soapPart.getEnvelope();envelope.addNamespaceDeclaration(myNamespace, myNamespaceURI);
/*Constructed SOAP Request Message:<SOAP-ENV:Envelope xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:myNamespace="https://www.w3schools.com/xml/"><SOAP-ENV:Header/><SOAP-ENV:Body><myNamespace:CelsiusToFahrenheit><myNamespace:Celsius>100</myNamespace:Celsius></myNamespace:CelsiusToFahrenheit></SOAP-ENV:Body></SOAP-ENV:Envelope>*/
// SOAP BodySOAPBody soapBody = envelope.getBody();SOAPElement soapBodyElem = soapBody.addChildElement("CelsiusToFahrenheit", myNamespace);SOAPElement soapBodyElem1 = soapBodyElem.addChildElement("Celsius", myNamespace);soapBodyElem1.addTextNode("100");}
private static void callSoapWebService(String soapEndpointUrl, String soapAction) {try {// Create SOAP ConnectionSOAPConnectionFactory soapConnectionFactory = SOAPConnectionFactory.newInstance();SOAPConnection soapConnection = soapConnectionFactory.createConnection();
// Send SOAP Message to SOAP ServerSOAPMessage soapResponse = soapConnection.call(createSOAPRequest(soapAction), soapEndpointUrl);
// Print the SOAP ResponseSystem.out.println("Response SOAP Message:");soapResponse.writeTo(System.out);System.out.println();
soapConnection.close();} catch (Exception e) {System.err.println("\nError occurred while sending SOAP Request to Server!\nMake sure you have the correct endpoint URL and SOAPAction!\n");e.printStackTrace();}}
private static SOAPMessage createSOAPRequest(String soapAction) throws Exception {MessageFactory messageFactory = MessageFactory.newInstance();SOAPMessage soapMessage = messageFactory.createMessage();
createSoapEnvelope(soapMessage);
MimeHeaders headers = soapMessage.getMimeHeaders();headers.addHeader("SOAPAction", soapAction);
soapMessage.saveChanges();
/* Print the request message, just for debugging purposes */System.out.println("Request SOAP Message:");soapMessage.writeTo(System.out);System.out.println("\n");
return soapMessage;}

}

除此之外，设置session header的实例如下

SOAPHeader header = soapMessage.getSOAPHeader();
SOAPHeaderElement headerElement = header.addHeaderElement(new QName(SOAP_NAMESPACE_URI,SOAP_KEY_SESSION_HEADER));
SOAPElement langElement = headerElement.addChildElement(SOAP_KEY_LANG_ID);
langElement.addTextNode(SOAP_VALUE_LANG_ID);

response的结果和request类似，可通过解析soapBody的方式获得结果。

处理方式与处理XML类似，不再赘述。

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SOAP JAVA实例

一、SOAP

二、在Java中应用

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