//备份

mysqldump --add-drop-database -h192.168.1.1 -uroot -proot --databases xxxxdb > D:\xxxdb.sql

// --databases选项,生成create database语句

//----add-drop-database 生成drop table语句

//导入

mysql -h127.0.0.1 -uroot -proot < D:\xxxdb.sql

mysqldump

引用

mysqldump  Ver 10.13 Distrib 5.6.10, for Win64 (x86_64)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Dumping structure and contents of MySQL databases and tables.

Usage: mysqldump [OPTIONS] database [tables]

OR     mysqldump [OPTIONS] --databases [OPTIONS] DB1 [DB2 DB3...]

OR     mysqldump [OPTIONS] --all-databases [OPTIONS]

Default options are read from the following files in the given order:

C:\Windows\my.ini C:\Windows\my.cnf C:\my.ini C:\my.cnf D:\mysql-5.6.10-winx64\my.ini D:\mysql-5.6.10-winx64\my.cnf

The following groups are read: mysqldump client

The following options may be given as the first argument:

--print-defaults        Print the program argument list and exit.

--no-defaults           Don't read default options from any option file,

except for login file.

--defaults-file=#       Only read default options from the given file #.

--defaults-extra-file=# Read this file after the global files are read.

--defaults-group-suffix=#

Also read groups with concat(group, suffix)

--login-path=#          Read this path from the login file.

-A, --all-databases Dump all the databases. This will be same as --databases

with all databases selected.

-Y, --all-tablespaces

Dump all the tablespaces.

-y, --no-tablespaces

Do not dump any tablespace information.

--add-drop-database Add a DROP DATABASE before each create.

--add-drop-table    Add a DROP TABLE before each create.

(Defaults to on; use --skip-add-drop-table to disable.)

--add-drop-trigger  Add a DROP TRIGGER before each create.

--add-locks         Add locks around INSERT statements.

(Defaults to on; use --skip-add-locks to disable.)

--allow-keywords    Allow creation of column names that are keywords.

--apply-slave-statements

Adds 'STOP SLAVE' prior to 'CHANGE MASTER' and 'START

SLAVE' to bottom of dump.

--bind-address=name IP address to bind to.

--character-sets-dir=name

Directory for character set files.

-i, --comments      Write additional information.

(Defaults to on; use --skip-comments to disable.)

--compatible=name   Change the dump to be compatible with a given mode. By

default tables are dumped in a format optimized for

MySQL. Legal modes are: ansi, mysql323, mysql40,

postgresql, oracle, mssql, db2, maxdb, no_key_options,

no_table_options, no_field_options. One can use several

modes separated by commas. Note: Requires MySQL server

version 4.1.0 or higher. This option is ignored with

earlier server versions.

--compact           Give less verbose output (useful for debugging). Disables

structure comments and header/footer constructs.  Enables

options --skip-add-drop-table --skip-add-locks

--skip-comments --skip-disable-keys --skip-set-charset.

-c, --complete-insert

Use complete insert statements.

-C, --compress      Use compression in server/client protocol.

-a, --create-options

Include all MySQL specific create options.

(Defaults to on; use --skip-create-options to disable.)

-B, --databases     Dump several databases. Note the difference in usage; in

this case no tables are given. All name arguments are

regarded as database names. 'USE db_name;' will be

included in the output.

-#, --debug[=#]     This is a non-debug version. Catch this and exit.

--debug-check       Check memory and open file usage at exit.

--debug-info        Print some debug info at exit.

--default-character-set=name

Set the default character set.

--delayed-insert    Insert rows with INSERT DELAYED.

--delete-master-logs

Delete logs on master after backup. This automatically

enables --master-data.

-K, --disable-keys  '/*!40000 ALTER TABLE tb_name DISABLE KEYS */; and

'/*!40000 ALTER TABLE tb_name ENABLE KEYS */; will be put

in the output.

(Defaults to on; use --skip-disable-keys to disable.)

--dump-slave[=#]    This causes the binary log position and filename of the

master to be appended to the dumped data output. Setting

the value to 1, will printit as a CHANGE MASTER command

in the dumped data output; if equal to 2, that command

will be prefixed with a comment symbol. This option will

turn --lock-all-tables on, unless --single-transaction is

specified too (in which case a global read lock is only

taken a short time at the beginning of the dump - don't

forget to read about --single-transaction below). In all

cases any action on logs will happen at the exact moment

of the dump.Option automatically turns --lock-tables off.

-E, --events        Dump events.

-e, --extended-insert

Use multiple-row INSERT syntax that include several

VALUES lists.

(Defaults to on; use --skip-extended-insert to disable.)

--fields-terminated-by=name

Fields in the output file are terminated by the given

string.

--fields-enclosed-by=name

Fields in the output file are enclosed by the given

character.

--fields-optionally-enclosed-by=name

Fields in the output file are optionally enclosed by the

given character.

--fields-escaped-by=name

Fields in the output file are escaped by the given

character.

-F, --flush-logs    Flush logs file in server before starting dump. Note that

if you dump many databases at once (using the option

--databases= or --all-databases), the logs will be

flushed for each database dumped. The exception is when

using --lock-all-tables or --master-data: in this case

the logs will be flushed only once, corresponding to the

moment all tables are locked. So if you want your dump

and the log flush to happen at the same exact moment you

should use --lock-all-tables or --master-data with

--flush-logs.

--flush-privileges  Emit a FLUSH PRIVILEGES statement after dumping the mysql

database.  This option should be used any time the dump

contains the mysql database and any other database that

depends on the data in the mysql database for proper

restore.

-f, --force         Continue even if we get an SQL error.

-?, --help          Display this help message and exit.

--hex-blob          Dump binary strings (BINARY, VARBINARY, BLOB) in

hexadecimal format.

-h, --host=name     Connect to host.

--ignore-table=name Do not dump the specified table. To specify more than one

table to ignore, use the directive multiple times, once

for each table.  Each table must be specified with both

database and table names, e.g.,

--ignore-table=database.table.

--include-master-host-port

Adds 'MASTER_HOST=, MASTER_PORT=' to 'CHANGE

MASTER TO..' in dump produced with --dump-slave.

--insert-ignore     Insert rows with INSERT IGNORE.

--lines-terminated-by=name

Lines in the output file are terminated by the given

string.

-x, --lock-all-tables

Locks all tables across all databases. This is achieved

by taking a global read lock for the duration of the

whole dump. Automatically turns --single-transaction and

--lock-tables off.

-l, --lock-tables   Lock all tables for read.

(Defaults to on; use --skip-lock-tables to disable.)

--log-error=name    Append warnings and errors to given file.

--master-data[=#]   This causes the binary log position and filename to be

appended to the output. If equal to 1, will print it as a

CHANGE MASTER command; if equal to 2, that command will

be prefixed with a comment symbol. This option will turn

--lock-all-tables on, unless --single-transaction is

specified too (in which case a global read lock is only

taken a short time at the beginning of the dump; don't

forget to read about --single-transaction below). In all

cases, any action on logs will happen at the exact moment

of the dump. Option automatically turns --lock-tables

off.

--max-allowed-packet=#

The maximum packet length to send to or receive from

server.

--net-buffer-length=#

The buffer size for TCP/IP and socket communication.

--no-autocommit     Wrap tables with autocommit/commit statements.

-n, --no-create-db  Suppress the CREATE DATABASE ... IF EXISTS statement that

normally is output for each dumped database if

--all-databases or --databases is given.

-t, --no-create-info

Don't write table creation info.

-d, --no-data       No row information.

-N, --no-set-names  Same as --skip-set-charset.

--opt               Same as --add-drop-table, --add-locks, --create-options,

--quick, --extended-insert, --lock-tables, --set-charset,

and --disable-keys. Enabled by default, disable with

--skip-opt.

--order-by-primary  Sorts each table's rows by primary key, or first unique

key, if such a key exists.  Useful when dumping a MyISAM

table to be loaded into an InnoDB table, but will make

the dump itself take considerably longer.

-p, --password[=name]

Password to use when connecting to server. If password is

not given it's solicited on the tty.

-W, --pipe          Use named pipes to connect to server.

-P, --port=#        Port number to use for connection.

--protocol=name     The protocol to use for connection (tcp, socket, pipe,

memory).

-q, --quick         Don't buffer query, dump directly to stdout.

(Defaults to on; use --skip-quick to disable.)

-Q, --quote-names   Quote table and column names with backticks (`).

(Defaults to on; use --skip-quote-names to disable.)

--replace           Use REPLACE INTO instead of INSERT INTO.

-r, --result-file=name

Direct output to a given file. This option should be used

in systems (e.g., DOS, Windows) that use carriage-return

linefeed pairs (\r\n) to separate text lines. This option

ensures that only a single newline is used.

-R, --routines      Dump stored routines (functions and procedures).

--set-charset       Add 'SET NAMES default_character_set' to the output.

(Defaults to on; use --skip-set-charset to disable.)

--set-gtid-purged[=name]

Add 'SET @@GLOBAL.GTID_PURGED' to the output. Possible

values for this option are ON, OFF and AUTO. If ON is

used and GTIDs are not enabled on the server, an error is

generated. If OFF is used, this option does nothing. If

AUTO is used and GTIDs are enabled on the server, 'SET

@@GLOBAL.GTID_PURGED' is added to the output. If GTIDs

are disabled, AUTO does nothing. Default is AUTO.

--shared-memory-base-name=name

Base name of shared memory.

--single-transaction

Creates a consistent snapshot by dumping all tables in a

single transaction. Works ONLY for tables stored in

storage engines which support multiversioning (currently

only InnoDB does); the dump is NOT guaranteed to be

consistent for other storage engines. While a

--single-transaction dump is in process, to ensure a

valid dump file (correct table contents and binary log

position), no other connection should use the following

statements: ALTER TABLE, DROP TABLE, RENAME TABLE,

TRUNCATE TABLE, as consistent snapshot is not isolated

from them. Option automatically turns off --lock-tables.

--dump-date         Put a dump date to the end of the output.

(Defaults to on; use --skip-dump-date to disable.)

--skip-opt          Disable --opt. Disables --add-drop-table, --add-locks,

--create-options, --quick, --extended-insert,

--lock-tables, --set-charset, and --disable-keys.

-S, --socket=name   The socket file to use for connection.

--ssl               Enable SSL for connection (automatically enabled with

other flags).

--ssl-ca=name       CA file in PEM format (check OpenSSL docs, implies

--ssl).

--ssl-capath=name   CA directory (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl).

--ssl-cert=name     X509 cert in PEM format (implies --ssl).

--ssl-cipher=name   SSL cipher to use (implies --ssl).

--ssl-key=name      X509 key in PEM format (implies --ssl).

--ssl-crl=name      Certificate revocation list (implies --ssl).

--ssl-crlpath=name  Certificate revocation list path (implies --ssl).

--ssl-verify-server-cert

Verify server's "Common Name" in its cert against

hostname used when connecting. This option is disabled by

default.

-T, --tab=name      Create tab-separated textfile for each table to given

path. (Create .sql and .txt files.) NOTE: This only works

if mysqldump is run on the same machine as the mysqld

server.

--tables            Overrides option --databases (-B).

--triggers          Dump triggers for each dumped table.

(Defaults to on; use --skip-triggers to disable.)

--tz-utc            SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' at top of dump to allow dumping of

TIMESTAMP data when a server has data in different time

zones or data is being moved between servers with

different time zones.

(Defaults to on; use --skip-tz-utc to disable.)

-u, --user=name     User for login if not current user.

-v, --verbose       Print info about the various stages.

-V, --version       Output version information and exit.

-w, --where=name    Dump only selected records. Quotes are mandatory.

-X, --xml           Dump a database as well formed XML.

--plugin-dir=name   Directory for client-side plugins.

--default-auth=name Default authentication client-side plugin to use.

Variables (--variable-name=value)

and boolean options {FALSE|TRUE}  Value (after reading options)

--------------------------------- ----------------------------------------

all-databases                     FALSE

all-tablespaces                   FALSE

no-tablespaces                    FALSE

add-drop-database                 FALSE

add-drop-table                    TRUE

add-drop-trigger                  FALSE

add-locks                         TRUE

allow-keywords                    FALSE

apply-slave-statements            FALSE

bind-address                      (No default value)

character-sets-dir                (No default value)

comments                          TRUE

compatible                        (No default value)

compact                           FALSE

complete-insert                   FALSE

compress                          FALSE

create-options                    TRUE

databases                         FALSE

debug-check                       FALSE

debug-info                        FALSE

default-character-set             utf8

delayed-insert                    FALSE

delete-master-logs                FALSE

disable-keys                      TRUE

dump-slave                        0

events                            FALSE

extended-insert                   TRUE

fields-terminated-by              (No default value)

fields-enclosed-by                (No default value)

fields-optionally-enclosed-by     (No default value)

fields-escaped-by                 (No default value)

flush-logs                        FALSE

flush-privileges                  FALSE

force                             FALSE

hex-blob                          FALSE

host                              (No default value)

include-master-host-port          FALSE

insert-ignore                     FALSE

lines-terminated-by               (No default value)

lock-all-tables                   FALSE

lock-tables                       TRUE

log-error                         (No default value)

master-data                       0

max-allowed-packet                25165824

net-buffer-length                 1046528

no-autocommit                     FALSE

no-create-db                      FALSE

no-create-info                    FALSE

no-data                           FALSE

order-by-primary                  FALSE

port                              0

quick                             TRUE

quote-names                       TRUE

replace                           FALSE

routines                          FALSE

set-charset                       TRUE

shared-memory-base-name           (No default value)

single-transaction                FALSE

dump-date                         TRUE

socket                            (No default value)

ssl                               FALSE

ssl-ca                            (No default value)

ssl-capath                        (No default value)

ssl-cert                          (No default value)

ssl-cipher                        (No default value)

ssl-key                           (No default value)

ssl-crl                           (No default value)

ssl-crlpath                       (No default value)

ssl-verify-server-cert            FALSE

tab                               (No default value)

triggers                          TRUE

tz-utc                            TRUE

user                              (No default value)

verbose                           FALSE

where                             (No default value)

plugin-dir                        (No default value)

default-auth                      (No default value)

A common use of mysqldump is for making a backup of an entire database:

shell> mysqldump db_name > backup-file.sql

You can load the dump file back into the server like this:

shell> mysql db_name < backup-file.sql

Or like this:

shell> mysql -e "source /path-to-backup/backup-file.sql" db_name

mysqldump is also very useful for populating databases by copying data from one MySQL server to another:

shell> mysqldump --opt db_name | mysql --host=remote_host -C db_name

mysql 命令

引用

mysql is a simple SQL shell with input line editing capabilities. It supports interactive and noninteractive use. When used interactively, query results are presented in an ASCII-table format. When used noninteractively (for example, as a filter), the result is presented in tab-separated format. The output format can be changed using command options.

If you have problems due to insufficient memory for large result sets, use the --quick option. This forces mysql to retrieve results from the server a row at a time rather than retrieving the entire result set and buffering it in memory before displaying it. This is done by returning the result set using the mysql_use_result() C API function in the client/server library rather than mysql_store_result().

Using mysql is very easy. Invoke it from the prompt of your command interpreter as follows:

shell> mysql db_name

Or:

shell> mysql --user=user_name --password=your_password db_name

Then type an SQL statement, end it with “;”, \g, or \G and press Enter.

As of MySQL 5.1.10, typing Control+C causes mysql to attempt to kill the current statement. If this cannot be done, or Control+C is typed again before the statement is killed, mysql exits. Previously, Control+C caused mysql to exit in all cases.

You can execute SQL statements in a script file (batch file) like this:

shell> mysql db_name < script.sql > output.tab

On Unix, the mysql client logs statements executed interactively to a history file. See Section 4.5.1.3, “mysql Logging”.

mysql 测试语句

SELECT NOW();

mysql -uroot -proot -e "use mydb;select * from sometable;"

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2015-01-22 11:28

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