彩虹女神跃长空,Go语言进阶之Go语言高性能Web框架Iris项目实战-用户系统EP03

前文再续，之前一篇我们已经配置好了数据库以及模板引擎，现在可以在逻辑层编写具体业务代码了，博客平台和大多数在线平台一样，都是基于用户账号体系来进行操作，所以我们需要针对用户表完成用户账号的CURD操作。

用户后台模板

首先用户操作逻辑主要在后台展现，所以模板应该单独生成admin文件夹，和前台模板进行逻辑隔离：

cd views
mkdir admin

随后创建用户管理页面模板user.html:

<!DOCTYPE html>
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src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="16" height="16" role="presentation" style="pointer-events: none;"></div></div><div class="react-toggle-thumb"></div></div>  <div class="search navbar-right" >  <form action="/Index_search" method ="GET" class="search_form" >  <input type="search" name="text" class="search_input" placeholder="Search" required="required" >  </form>  </div>  </div>  </div>  </nav>  <div class="container">  <header>  </header>  <section>  <div class="row">  <div class="col-md-8">  <ul class="g-formlist form_li">  <li>  <label class="mark">用户名</label>  <div class="write">  <input type="text" id="form-name" class="g-text-entry" placeholder="请输入4-10字符" />  <span class="tip" data-initial="请输入4-10字符"></span>  </div>  </li>  <li>  <label class="mark">密 码</label>  <div class="write">  <input type="password" id="form-psw" class="g-text-entry" placeholder="请输入6-30字符" />  <span class="tip" data-initial="请输入6-30字符"></span>  </div>  </li>  </ul>  <button>提交</button>  </div>  </div>  </section>  </div>  </div>  </body>

模板目录架构如下：

└── views  ├── admin  │ └── user.html  ├── index.html  └── test.html

views根目录模板为前台模板，而admin目录下模板是为后台模板。

同时前端声明username和password变量，分别绑定用户名和密码：

const App = {  data() {  return {  //用户名  username: "",  //密码  password:""  };  },  created: function() {  console.log("你好，女神");  },  methods: {  },  };

接着构造用户添加表单，绑定表单字段：

<ul class="g-formlist form_li">  <li>  <label class="mark">用户名</label>  <div class="write">  <input v-model="username" type="text" id="form-name" class="g-text-entry" placeholder="请输入4-10字符" />  <span class="tip" data-initial="请输入4-10字符"></span>  </div>  </li>  <li>  <label class="mark">密 码</label>  <div class="write">  <input v-model="password" type="password" id="form-psw" class="g-text-entry" placeholder="请输入6-30字符" />  <span class="tip" data-initial="请输入6-30字符"></span>  </div>  </li>  </ul>  <button @click="submit">提交</button>

这里通过v-model关键字将表单和变量做双向绑定，同时为按钮绑定submit提交方法。

如果愿意，我们也可以针对前端的axios库进行二次封装，增加异步请求方法的复用性：

const myaxios = function (url, type, data = {}) {  return new  Promise((resolve) => {  if (type === "get" || type === "delete") {  axios({  method: type,  url: url,  params: data  }).then((result) => {  resolve(result.data);  });  } else {  const params = new URLSearchParams();  for (var key in data) {  params.append(key,data[key]);  }  axios({  method: type,  url: url,  data:params  }).then((result) => {  resolve(result.data);  });  }  });  }  app.config.globalProperties.myaxios = myaxios;

这样，我们就可以随时使用this关键字来向后台发起异步请求了。

接着，编写后台视图，将用户后台模板渲染出来：

app.Get("/admin/user/", func(ctx iris.Context) {  ctx.View("/admin/user.html")  })

编译后，访问 http://localhost:5000/admin/user/，如图所示：

用户后台接口

后台接口主要负责接收前端请求的参数，然后根据请求方式类型来决定用户表的操作动作，首先构建添加接口：

app.Post("/admin/user_action/", func(ctx iris.Context) {  username := ctx.PostValue("username")  password := ctx.PostValue("password")  fmt.Println(username, password)  ret := map[string]string{  "errcode": "0",  "msg":     "ok",  }  ctx.JSON(ret)  })

这里使用Post方式匹配路由/admin/user_action/，随后通过ctx结构体的PostValue函数来获取具体的参数key，然后利用ctx.JSON函数将字典序列化为Json，再返回给前端。

前端则使用之前封装好的myaxios内置方法向后端发起异步请求：

submit:function(){  this.myaxios("http://localhost:5000/admin/user_action/","post",{"username":this.username,"password":this.password}).then(data => {  console.log(data)  });  }

后台返回：

Now listening on: http://localhost:5000
Application started. Press CTRL+C to shut down.
19:30:58 app         | admin admin

可以看到，后端打印出了前端请求的用户名和密码，接着就是入库操作：

app.Post("/admin/user_action/", func(ctx iris.Context) {  username := ctx.PostValue("username")  password := ctx.PostValue("password")  fmt.Println(username, password)  user := &model.User{Username: username, Password: password}  res := db.Create(user)  fmt.Println(res.Error)  ret := map[string]string{  "errcode": "0",  "msg":     "ok",  }  ctx.JSON(ret)  })

这里初始化结构体变量user后，利用db.Create函数进行入库操作。

随后检查入库结果：

MySQL [irisblog]> select * from user;
+----+---------------------+---------------------+------------+----------+----------+
| id | created_at          | updated_at          | deleted_at | username | password |
+----+---------------------+---------------------+------------+----------+----------+
| 13 | 2022-08-22 19:33:16 | 2022-08-22 19:33:16 | NULL       | admin    | admin    |
+----+---------------------+---------------------+------------+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

入库操作虽然成功了，但显然，密码不能使用明文，否则不就步CSDN的后尘贻笑大方了吗？

添加md5加密逻辑：

w := md5.New()
io.WriteString(w, password) //将str写入到w中
md5str := fmt.Sprintf("%x", w.Sum(nil))

注意导入"crypto/md5"和"io"两个标准库包。

完成代码：

app.Post("/admin/user_action/", func(ctx iris.Context) {  username := ctx.PostValue("username")  password := ctx.PostValue("password")  fmt.Println(username, password)  w := md5.New()  io.WriteString(w, password) //将str写入到w中  md5str := fmt.Sprintf("%x", w.Sum(nil))  user := &model.User{Username: username, Password: md5str}  res := db.Create(user)  fmt.Println(res.Error)  ret := map[string]string{  "errcode": "0",  "msg":     "ok",  }  ctx.JSON(ret)  })

重新编译后，再次发起请求，检查入库结果：

MySQL [irisblog]> select * from user;
+----+---------------------+---------------------+------------+----------+----------------------------------+
| id | created_at          | updated_at          | deleted_at | username | password                         |
+----+---------------------+---------------------+------------+----------+----------------------------------+
| 16 | 2022-08-22 19:41:40 | 2022-08-22 19:41:40 | NULL       | admin    | 21232f297a57a5a743894a0e4a801fc3 |
+----+---------------------+---------------------+------------+----------+----------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

完成添加逻辑后，可以将用户列表批量查询出来：

app.Get("/admin/userlist/", func(ctx iris.Context) {  var users []model.User  res := db.Find(&users)  ctx.JSON(res)  })

注意这里声明一个切片嵌套结构users，切片的每一个元素是用户结构体，接口返回：

{
Value: [
{
ID: 16,
CreatedAt: "2022-08-22T19:41:40+08:00",
UpdatedAt: "2022-08-22T19:41:40+08:00",
DeletedAt: null,
Username: "admin",
Password: "21232f297a57a5a743894a0e4a801fc3"
},
{
ID: 17,
CreatedAt: "2022-08-22T19:48:25+08:00",
UpdatedAt: "2022-08-22T19:48:25+08:00",
DeletedAt: null,
Username: "888123",
Password: "202cb962ac59075b964b07152d234b70"
},
{
ID: 18,
CreatedAt: "2022-08-22T19:48:28+08:00",
UpdatedAt: "2022-08-22T19:48:28+08:00",
DeletedAt: null,
Username: "admin123",
Password: "21232f297a57a5a743894a0e4a801fc3"
}
],
Error: null,
RowsAffected: 3
}

随后，前端可以通过异步请求回调赋值将用户列表展示在页面中：

const App = {  data() {  return {  //用户名  username: "",  //密码  password:"",  //用户列表  userlist:[]  };  },  created: function() {  console.log("你好，女神");  this.get_userlist();  },  methods: {  get_userlist:function(){  this.myaxios("http://localhost:5000/admin/userlist/","get",).then(data => {  console.log(data)  this.userlist = data.Value  });  },  submit:function(){  this.myaxios("http://localhost:5000/admin/user_action/","post",{"username":this.username,"password":this.password}).then(data => {  console.log(data)  });  }  },  };

随后，在页面中渲染userlist变量：

<table class="gridtable">  <tr>  <th>用户id</th>  <th>用户名</th>  <th>添加时间</th>  </tr>  <tr v-for="(item,index) in userlist">  <td>{{ item.ID }}</td>  <td>{{ item.Username }}</td>  <td>{{ item.CreatedAt }}</td>  </tr>  </table>

请求 http://localhost:5000/admin/user/ 如图所示：

Vue.js+Iris的前后端联调流程就跑通了，当然有些地方还需要封装，比如md5加密环节，后续登录模块也依然会依赖md5包，项目根目录下建立mytool目录：

mkdir mytool
cd mytool

将md5加密封装为函数：

package mytool  import (  "crypto/md5"  "fmt"  "io"
)  func Make_password(password string) string {  w := md5.New()  io.WriteString(w, password) //将str写入到w中  md5str := fmt.Sprintf("%x", w.Sum(nil))  return md5str  }

随后通过包名进行调用：

md5str := mytool.Make_password(password)

结语

至此，前后端分离的用户系统就构建好了，开发效率层面，基于Go lang的Iris框架并不逊色于任何动态语言框架，语法的简明程度有过之而无不及，性能层面更是不遑多让，该项目已开源在Github：https://github.com/zcxey2911/IrisBlog ，与君共觞，和君共勉。