【Unity】使用LineRenderer实现闪电效果

参考http://Lightning - Procedural Lightning - AAA Quality, Performance and Sound. Dozens of Prefabs. 2D + 3D.，针对项目做了比较大的修改，原理是一致的：

1. 使用LineRenderer组件随机闪电的路径；

2. 通过截取材质贴图显示区域使闪电看起来更多样。

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;[RequireComponent(typeof(LineRenderer))]
public class DynamicLightningBoltItem : MonoBehaviour
{//闪电每次闪烁模式public enum LightningBoltMode{None,Random,Loop,PingPong}[Tooltip("闪电分段"), Range(0, 8), SerializeField]private int segment = 6;[Tooltip("闪电持续时长"), SerializeField]private float multDuration = 1;[Tooltip("闪电闪烁时长"), SerializeField]private float onceDuration = 0.05f;[Tooltip("混乱偏移指数"), Range(0.0f, 1.0f), SerializeField]private float chaosFactor = 0.15f;//一张贴图可以存放多个闪电切图，每次随机截取其中一部分，看起来闪电随机多样[Tooltip("纹理中的行数"), SerializeField]public int matTextureRows = 1;[Tooltip("纹理中的列数"), SerializeField]public int matTextureColumns = 1;[Tooltip("闪烁动画模式"), SerializeField]private LightningBoltMode animationMode = LightningBoltMode.None;//随机数，可以多个闪电同一个随机数，形成相同的闪电外观private System.Random randomGenerator = new System.Random();//材质求贴图尺寸/偏移private Vector2 matTextureSize;private Vector2[] matTextureOffset;private LineRenderer lineRenderer;//动画参数private int animationOffsetIndex;private int animationPingPongDir = 1;//闪电起始/结束为止private Transform startTrans;private Transform endTrans;private void Awake(){lineRenderer = GetComponent<LineRenderer>();lineRenderer.positionCount = 0;if (matTextureColumns < 1)matTextureColumns = 1;if (matTextureRows < 1)matTextureRows = 1;if (matTextureRows * matTextureColumns < 2 && animationMode != LightningBoltMode.None){animationMode = LightningBoltMode.None;}SetMaterialTextute();}#region --- Test ---private Transform startPoint;private Transform endPoint;private float testTimer;private void Start(){startPoint = new GameObject("StartPoint").transform;endPoint = new GameObject("EndPoint").transform;startPoint.SetParent(transform);endPoint.SetParent(transform);startPoint.localPosition = Vector3.zero;multDuration = 100;StartLightning(startPoint, endPoint);}private void Update(){if(testTimer >= 1){testTimer = 0;endPoint.localPosition = Random.onUnitSphere * 10;}testTimer += Time.deltaTime;}#endregionpublic void StartLightning(Transform startPoint, Transform endPoint){startTrans = startPoint;endTrans = endPoint;StopAllCoroutines();if (startTrans == null || endTrans == null){lineRenderer.positionCount = 0;return;}StartCoroutine(TriggerMultLightning());}public void StopLightning(){StopAllCoroutines();lineRenderer.positionCount = 0;}private IEnumerator TriggerMultLightning(){float timer = 0;while (timer < multDuration){if (startTrans == null || endTrans == null)break;GenerateLightning(startTrans.position, endTrans.position, segment);timer += onceDuration;yield return new WaitForSeconds(onceDuration);}lineRenderer.positionCount = 0;}//设置材质贴图的尺寸private void SetMaterialTextute(){matTextureSize = new Vector2(1.0f / matTextureColumns, 1.0f / matTextureRows);lineRenderer.material.mainTextureScale = matTextureSize;matTextureOffset = new Vector2[matTextureRows * matTextureColumns];for (int y = 0; y < matTextureRows; y++){for (int x = 0; x < matTextureColumns; x++){matTextureOffset[x + (y * matTextureColumns)] = new Vector2((float)x / matTextureColumns, (float)y / matTextureRows);}}}private void GenerateLightning(Vector3 startPoint, Vector3 endPoint, int segment){List<(Vector3, Vector3)> segmentList = new List<(Vector3, Vector3)>();segmentList.Add((startPoint, endPoint));if (segment > 0 && segment <= 8){int startIndex = 0;float offsetAmount = (endPoint - startPoint).magnitude * chaosFactor;Vector3 middlePoint;for (int i = 0; i < segment; i++){//每次循环将新的分段数据添加至列表//previousIndex/startIndex标记上次循环的起始/结束位置//使用上次循环计算的结果作为下次循环的源数据，计算分段数据int previousIndex = startIndex;startIndex = segmentList.Count;for (int j = previousIndex; j < startIndex; j++){startPoint = segmentList[j].Item1;endPoint = segmentList[j].Item2;//插入中点middlePoint = (startPoint + endPoint) * 0.5f;//随机偏移中点middlePoint += GetRandomVector(startPoint, endPoint, offsetAmount);//添加两个新分段segmentList.Add((startPoint, middlePoint));segmentList.Add((middlePoint, endPoint));}//每循环一次，闪电偏移减半offsetAmount *= 0.5f;}//移除多余分段segmentList.RemoveRange(0, startIndex);}UpdateLineRenderer(segmentList);}private Vector3 GetRandomVector(Vector3 start, Vector3 end, float offsetAmount){Vector3 directionNormalized = (end - start).normalized;Vector3 perpendicularNormal = GetPerpendicularVector(directionNormalized);//随机偏移距离float distance = ((float)randomGenerator.NextDouble() + 0.1f) * offsetAmount;//随机旋转角度float rotationAngle = (float)randomGenerator.NextDouble() * 360.0f;//绕着方向旋转，然后由垂直向量偏移return Quaternion.AngleAxis(rotationAngle, directionNormalized) * perpendicularNormal * distance;}private Vector3 GetPerpendicularVector(Vector3 directionNormalized){if (directionNormalized == Vector3.zero){return Vector3.right;}else{// use cross product to find any perpendicular vector around directionNormalized:// 0 = x * px + y * py + z * pz// => pz = -(x * px + y * py) / z// for computational stability use the component farthest from 0 to divide byfloat x = directionNormalized.x;float y = directionNormalized.y;float z = directionNormalized.z;float px, py, pz;float ax = Mathf.Abs(x);float ay = Mathf.Abs(y);float az = Mathf.Abs(z);if (ax >= ay && ay >= az){// x is the max, so we can pick (py, pz) arbitrarily at (1, 1):py = 1.0f;pz = 1.0f;px = -(y * py + z * pz) / x;}else if (ay >= az){// y is the max, so we can pick (px, pz) arbitrarily at (1, 1):px = 1.0f;pz = 1.0f;py = -(x * px + z * pz) / y;}else{// z is the max, so we can pick (px, py) arbitrarily at (1, 1):px = 1.0f;py = 1.0f;pz = -(x * px + y * py) / z;}return new Vector3(px, py, pz).normalized;}}private void UpdateLineRenderer(List<(Vector3, Vector3)> segmentList){if (segmentList == null || segmentList.Count == 0){lineRenderer.positionCount = 0;return;}lineRenderer.positionCount = segmentList.Count + 1;lineRenderer.SetPosition(0, segmentList[0].Item1);for (int i = 0; i < segmentList.Count; i++){lineRenderer.SetPosition(i + 1, segmentList[i].Item2);}SelectOffsetFromAnimationMode();}private void SelectOffsetFromAnimationMode(){int index = 0;switch (animationMode){case LightningBoltMode.None://固定第一个贴图index = 0;break;case LightningBoltMode.Random://贴图列表中随机index = randomGenerator.Next(0, matTextureOffset.Length);break;case LightningBoltMode.Loop://贴图列表中循环index = animationOffsetIndex++;if (animationOffsetIndex >= matTextureOffset.Length)animationOffsetIndex = 0;break;case LightningBoltMode.PingPong://贴图列表中循环index = animationOffsetIndex;animationOffsetIndex += animationPingPongDir;if (animationOffsetIndex >= matTextureOffset.Length){animationOffsetIndex = matTextureOffset.Length - 2;animationPingPongDir = -1;}else if (animationOffsetIndex < 0){animationOffsetIndex = 1;animationPingPongDir = 1;}break;default:break;}if (index < 0 || index >= matTextureOffset.Length)index = 0;lineRenderer.material.mainTextureOffset = matTextureOffset[index];}}

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