在python中，我有一个csv文件，其中包含很多参数，例如：

Name, Surname, Address1, Address2, email, etc

Adam1,Smith1,12 Connaugh Rd.,,adamsmith@gmail.com, etc...

Adam2,Smith2,12 Connaugh Rd.,,adamsmith@gmail.com, etc...

Adam3,Smith3,12 Connaugh Rd.,,adamsmith@gmail.com, etc...

我如何阅读它，所以第一行名称，姓氏，地址1，地址2，电子邮件等成为字典中参数的名称？这样我就可以

Dict{Name:Adam1,Adam2, Adam3

Surname: Smith1,Smith2,Smith3

Address1: 12 Connaugh Rd.,12 Connaugh Rd.,12 Connaugh Rd.

etc.}

由于我将来会使用它，是使用csv的最佳方法还是有更好的方法？

Update1：​​ripr(row)给出：

{None: ['\tSales Record Number', 'User Id', 'Buyer Full name', 'Buyer Phone Number', 'Buyer Email', 'Buyer Address 1', 'Buyer Address 2', 'Buyer Town/City', 'Buyer County', 'Buyer Postcode', 'Buyer Country', 'Item Number', 'Item Title', 'Custom Label', 'Quantity', 'Sale Price', 'Included VAT Rate', 'Postage and Packaging', 'Insurance', 'Cash on delivery fee', 'Total Price', 'Payment Method', 'Sale Date', 'Checkout Date', 'Paid on Date', 'Dispatch Date ', 'Invoice date', 'Invoice number', 'Feedback left', 'Feedback received', 'Notes to yourself', 'PayPal Transaction ID', 'Delivery Service', 'Cash on delivery option', 'Transaction ID', 'Order ID', 'Variation Details']}

{None: ['3528', 'steve33559', 'Steven sdf', '45678', 'sdfghj@dfgj.com', '1 sdfgh Road, ', '', 'dfgh', 'dfgh', 'ertyu', 'United Kingdom', '151216259484', 'Small stuff ', '', '1', '\xa311.99', '', '\xa30.00', '\xa30.00', '', '\xa311.99', 'PayPal', '21-Mar-14', '21-Mar-14', '21-Mar-14', '', '', '', 'Yes', '', '', '384858394n5838f48', 'Other 24 Hour Courier', '', '49503847573848', '', '']}

{None: ['3529', 'buyretry13', 'Tariq fhb', '345678', 'buyretry@uk.com', '80 rtyukfd Road', '', 'Manchester', 'wertyuk', 'M16 1KY', 'United Kingdom', '76543283858', 'Apple iPhone 5', '100329', '1', '\xa31.95', '', '\xa30.00', '\xa30.00', '', '\xa31.95', 'PayPal', '21-Mar-14', '21-Mar-14', '21-Mar-14', '', '', '', 'Yes', '', '', '45678723456', 'Royal Mail 2nd Class', '', '3456785737', '', '']}

解决方案

您可以用于zip()将列转置为行，并将其应用于字典理解以提取第一个元素作为键：

import csv

with open(yourfile, 'rb') as infile:

reader = csv.reader(infile)

result = {c[0]: c[1:] for c in zip(*reader)}

这将产生一个字典，每个字典在列中的所有条目均作为值列表。

您最好在csv.DictReader()这里使用。每行产生一个dict对象：

import csv

with open(yourfile, 'rb') as infile:

reader = csv.DictReader(infile)

for row in reader:

print row

row那么{'Name': 'Adam1', 'Surname': 'Smith1', 'Address1': 'Connaugh rd.', ...}第一行的位置在哪里{'Name': 'Adam2', 'Surname': 'Smith2', 'Address1': 'Connaugh rd.', ...}，等等。该DictReader()对象从CSV数据的第一行获取密钥。

这样可以将每一行数据保持为一个易于访问的对象，而不必在单独的行之间关联数据。

演示：

>>> import csv

>>> sample = '''\

... Name,Surname,Address1,Address2,email,etc

... Adam1,Smith1,12 Connaugh Rd.,,adamsmith@gmail.com,etc...

... Adam2,Smith2,12 Connaugh Rd.,,adamsmith@gmail.com,etc...

... Adam3,Smith3,12 Connaugh Rd.,,adamsmith@gmail.com,etc...

... '''

>>> reader = csv.DictReader(sample.splitlines())

>>> print next(reader)

{'Surname': 'Smith1', 'Name': 'Adam1', 'Address1': '12 Connaugh Rd.', 'Address2': '', 'etc': 'etc...', 'email': 'adamsmith@gmail.com'}

>>> print next(reader)

{'Surname': 'Smith2', 'Name': 'Adam2', 'Address1': '12 Connaugh Rd.', 'Address2': '', 'etc': 'etc...', 'email': 'adamsmith@gmail.com'}

>>> print next(reader)

{'Surname': 'Smith3', 'Name': 'Adam3', 'Address1': '12 Connaugh Rd.', 'Address2': '', 'etc': 'etc...', 'email': 'adamsmith@gmail.com'}