一、java+selenium+firefox

1.环境准备：JDK1.8

2.安装firefox浏览器v59

3.下载驱动：https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases

4.selenium依赖pom.xml导入：https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.seleniumhq.selenium/selenium-java

selenium 历史版本镜像下载地址：https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/selenium

org.seleniumhq.selenium

selenium-java

3.5.1

5.代码实现

packagecn.test;importorg.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;importorg.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;public classFirefoxDemo01 {public static voidmain(String[] args) {

WebDriver driver=null;try{//自定义安装Firefox路径

System.setProperty("webdriver.firefox.bin", "D:\\Firefox59\\App\\Firefox\\firefox.exe");//存放Firefox驱动的路径

System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "src/test/resources/geckodriver.exe");

driver= newFirefoxDriver();

driver.get("https://www.baidu.com/");

}catch(Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}finally{

driver.quit();

System.out.println("执行结束，关闭浏览器");

}

}

}

二、java+selenium+IE

1.JDK1.8已安装

2.selenium3.51 依赖包上述已经导入；

3.下载IE驱动地址：https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/selenium/3.5/

4.代码实现

packagecn.test;importorg.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;importorg.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;importorg.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;public classIEDemo02 {public static voidmain(String[] args) {

WebDriver driver= null;try{//指定IEDriver的存放路径

System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", "src/test/resources/IEDriverServer.exe");//创建Capabilities对象

DesiredCapabilities capabilities = newDesiredCapabilities();//浏览器安全模式保持一致(通过代码忽略设置安全模式保持一致)

capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.INTRODUCE_FLAKINESS_BY_IGNORING_SECURITY_DOMAINS,true);//浏览器缩放比例保持正常(忽略浏览器缩放比例设置)

capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.IGNORE_ZOOM_SETTING, true);

driver= newInternetExplorerDriver(capabilities);

driver.get("https://www.baidu.com");

Thread.sleep(3000);

}catch(Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}finally{//关闭浏览器

driver.quit();

System.out.println("执行结束，关闭IE浏览器");

}

}

}

5.常见报错信息

(1) IE驱动路径未指定,导致找不到IE驱动报错如下:

解决方法如下：

//指定IEDriver的存放路径

System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", "src/test/resources/IEDriverServer.exe");

2.IE 安全模式设置

org.openqa.selenium.SessionNotCreatedException: Unexpected error launching Internet Explorer. Protected Mode settings are not the same for all zones. Enable Protected Mode must be set to the same value (enabled or disabled) forall zones.//百度翻译仅供参考

org.openqa.selenium。启动Internet Explorer SessionNotCreatedException:意想不到的错误。 保护模式设置为所有区域是不一样的。启用保护模式必须设置为相同的值为所有区域(启用或禁用)。

解决方法如下：

//创建Capabilities对象

DesiredCapabilities capabilities = newDesiredCapabilities();//浏览器安全模式保持一致(通过代码忽略设置安全模式保持一致)

capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.INTRODUCE_FLAKINESS_BY_IGNORING_SECURITY_DOMAINS,true);

WebDriver driver= new InternetExplorerDriver(capabilities);

3.浏览器的缩放比例保持正常

org.openqa.selenium.SessionNotCreatedException: Unexpected error launching Internet Explorer. Browser zoom level was set to 111%. It should be set to 100%

//通过360浏览器翻译，仅供参考

org.openqa.selenium。启动Internet Explorer SessionNotCreatedException:意想不到的错误。浏览器缩放级别设置为111%。它应该被设置为100%

解决方法如下：

//浏览器缩放比例保持正常(忽略浏览器缩放比例设置)

capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.IGNORE_ZOOM_SETTING, true);

driver= new InternetExplorerDriver(capabilities);

三、java+selenium+chrome

1.JDK1.8已安装

2.selenium 3.5.1 依赖已经导入

3.下载chrome驱动：https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/chromedriver

我的chrome是v53. 所以我下载 v2.25驱动

注意：Chrome浏览器版本与ChromeDriver版本映射表查看链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/xiaozhaoboke/p/10107349.html

4.代码实现：

packagecn.test;importorg.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;importorg.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;public classChromeDemo03 {public static void main(String[] args) throwsInterruptedException {//自定义安装chrome路径,默认安装目录不需要配置此项//System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.bin", "xxx");//指定chromeDriver存放路径

System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "src/test/resources/chromedriver.exe");

WebDriver driver= newChromeDriver();

driver.get("https://www.baidu.com");

Thread.sleep(3000);

driver.quit();

System.out.println("关闭浏览器，执行结束！");

}

}

常见报错：

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalStateException: The path to the driver executable must be set by the webdriver.chrome.driver system property; for more information, see https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/ChromeDriver. The latest version can be downloaded fromhttp://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html

//解决办法

System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "src/test/resources/chromedriver.exe");

四、引入testNG整合三大浏览器代码示例：

1.testng导入依赖

org.testng

testng

6.9.10

test

2.新建一个父类BaseCase来实现浏览器的前期准备工作

packagecn.test;importorg.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;importorg.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;importorg.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;importorg.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;importorg.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;importorg.testng.annotations.AfterSuite;importorg.testng.annotations.BeforeSuite;importorg.testng.annotations.Parameters;importorg.testng.annotations.Test;public classBaseCase {public static WebDriver driver =null;/**根据提供的浏览器类型初始化驱动

*@parambrowserType*/@Parameters(value= {"browserType"})

@BeforeSuitepublic voidinit(String browserType) {//firefox

if("firefox".equalsIgnoreCase(browserType)) {

System.setProperty("webdriver.firefox.bin", "D:\\Firefox59\\App\\Firefox\\firefox.exe");

System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "src/test/resources/geckodriver.exe");

driver= newFirefoxDriver();

}else if("chrome".equalsIgnoreCase(browserType)) {//chrome

System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "src/test/resources/chromedriver.exe");

driver= newChromeDriver();

}else if("ie".equalsIgnoreCase(browserType)) {//ie System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", "src/test/resources/IEDriverServer.exe"); DesiredCapabilities capabilities = newDesiredCapabilities(); capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.INTRODUCE_FLAKINESS_BY_IGNORING_SECURITY_DOMAINS,true); capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.IGNORE_ZOOM_SETTING, true);

driver= newInternetExplorerDriver(capabilities);

}

}

@AfterSuitepublic voidover() {

driver.quit();

System.out.println("执行结束，关闭浏览器！");

}

}

3.testng.xml来配置参数，实现浏览器的选择性执行

4.执行用例AutoDemo01,直接继承父类来实现浏览器驱动的初始化

packagecn.test;importorg.openqa.selenium.By;importorg.testng.annotations.Test;importcn.test.BaseCase;public class AutoDemo01 extendsBaseCase{

@Testpublic void test() throwsInterruptedException {

driver.get("https://www.baidu.com");

driver.findElement(By.id("kw")).sendKeys("开始编写自动化脚本来执行测试用例");

Thread.sleep(3000);

}

}

5.执行TestNG Suite

6.学习后总结，不足之处后续补充修正！