第3组UI（2）-AdapterView之GridView、AutoCompleteTextView、Spinner、Gallery和ExpandableListView

GridView(网格视图)

1.概述：（用法与ListView相同）

GriedView用于在界面上按照行、列分布的方式来显示多个组件。GriedView和ListView有共同的父类：AbsListView,因此它们有很多相似之处，都是列表项，但唯一的区别是：
GriedView时可以显示多列，ListView只显示一列。所以这样说，ListView是一种特殊的GriedView。
其他相似之处：体现在都需要adapter来传数据，点击事件相同。

2.xml属性：

特殊：
numColums=”” //表示几列，默认1列
stretchMode=”” //设置拉伸模式

3.小知识补充：

获得LayoutInflater的几种方式：
1）LayoutInflater flater = getLayoutInflater();//最常用
2）LayoutInflater flater = LayoutInflater.from(this);
3）LayoutInflater flater = getSystemService(*);//不常用

4.补充：

在ListView的例子基础上，使一点击就出现蒙版：
xml:item中加上蒙版透明色，这里的宽和长度与图片一致。

<ImageView android:id="@+id/image_hint"android:layout_width="100dp"android:layout_height="100dp"android:layout_alignRight="@id/imageView"android:layout_alignBottom="@id/imageView"android:background="#55ff0000"android:visibility="invisible"/>

dapter中加上：

//设置使点击选中时，出现蒙版。if(mCheckedPosition[position]){vh.image_hint.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);}else{vh.image_hint.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);}

效果演示：

AutoCompleteTextView（自动完成文本框）

1.概述：

AutoCompleteTextView是从EditText派生出的，实际上它是编辑框，但多的功能是：可以自动会显示一个下拉菜单，供用户从中选择。

2.xml属性：

completionThreshold=”” //设置用户至少输入几个字符才会显示提示

3.AutoCompleteTextView派生出了一个子类：MultiAutoCompleteTextView,它允许输入多个提示项。

范例：
xml:

<AutoCompleteTextView android:id="@+id/autotext"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

java:

public class MainActivity extends Activity {private AutoCompleteTextView mAutotext;private ArrayAdapter<String> adapter;private String[] mList={"beijing_changping","biejing_wuhuan","beijing_gugogn","shanghai_hai","shangjing","tianjin","tianjin_yihe","sd","shandong"};@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);mAutotext=(AutoCompleteTextView) findViewById(R.id.autotext);adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,mList);mAutotext.setAdapter(adapter);}}

结果演示：

Spinner （列表选择框）

1.概述：

Spinner是一个列表选择框，它和Gallery都继承了AbsSpinner,所以只要为其提供Adapter即可。

2.常用xml属性;

entries=”” 使用数组资源设置下拉列表框的列表项目（AbsSpinner中定义的）
popupBackground=”” 设置下拉列表框的背景色
prompt=”” 设置列表选择框的提示信息

范例：
xml：

 <Spinner android:id="@+id/spinner"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

java:

public class MainActivity extends Activity {private Spinner mSpinner;private ArrayAdapter<String> adapter;private String[] mList={"beijing_changping","biejing_wuhuan","beijing_gugogn","shanghai_hai","shangjing","tianjin","tianjin_yihe","sd","shandong"};@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);mSpinner=(Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner);adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item,mList);mSpinner.setAdapter(adapter);}
}

Gallery（被抛弃）（画廊视图）

1.概述:

与listview的区别，在于listview时上下滑动，gallery是左右滑动。

2.xml属性：

spacing=”” 左右的距离
unselectedAlpha=”” 传入数值，例0.5 让没有居中的子项透明，数字越小，透明度越高

<Gallery android:id="@+id/gallery"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:spacing="10dp"android:unselectedAlpha="0.6"/>

3.监听事件：

1）setOnItemClickListener（） //和listview用法相同
2）setOnItemSelectedListener（） //特有：监听居中的控件
范例：

mGalleryview.setOnItemSelectedListener(new OnItemSelectedListener() {@Overridepublic void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0, View arg1,int position, long arg3) {Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,list.get(position).getName() ,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}@Overridepublic void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0) {// TODO Auto-generated method stub}});

结果：

ExpandableListView(可展开列表)

1.概述：

ExpandableListView是ListView的子类（ListView属于ViewGroup支下）。它在ListView基础上进行了扩展，把列表项分为几组，每组又可包含多个列表项。
但ExpandableListView的实现需要由ExpandableListAdapter来提供列表项，ExpandableListAdapter是接口。（BaseExpandableListAdapter实现了它，所以只要自定义的适配器来继承BaseExpandableListAdapter即可。）

2.xml属性：

childDivider=”” //指定各组内各子列表项之间的分隔条
childIndicator=”” //显示在子列表旁边的Drawable对象
groupIndicator=”” //显示在组列表旁边的Drawable对象
groupIndicator=”@null” //去掉小三角号

3.自定义适配器时继承BaseExpandableListAdapter,需要实现的方法：

getGroupCount();返回包含的组列表项的数目。
getGroupView();返回的View对象将作为组列表项。
getChildrenCount();返回特定组所包含的子列表项的数量
getChildView();返回的View对象将作为特定组、特定位置的子列表项。

4.范例：

要求：建立一个组列表是clazz班级，字分组是puple的下拉列表：
思路：与以前的listview做法类似，只是需要做group的布局和child的布局，且clazz中包含puple的list表。生成两次view.

步骤：
1）xml控件设置
2）主界面获取
3）自定义适配器，继承BaseExpandableListAdapter。
4）数据model：
区别ListView:Group和Child都要写。
5）布局layout：
Group和Child的两个布局文件
model：

//Clazz.java文件：
public class Clazz {private String clazzName;private String clazzNum;private List<Puple> puples;//构造器public Clazz(String clazzName,String clazzNum){this.clazzName=clazzName;this.clazzNum=clazzNum;}public String getClazzName() {return clazzName;}public void setClazzName(String clazzName) {this.clazzName = clazzName;}public String getClazzNum() {return clazzNum;}public void setClazzNum(String clazzNum) {this.clazzNum = clazzNum;}public List<Puple> getPuples() {return puples;}public void setPuples(List<Puple> puples) {this.puples = puples;}}-------------------------------------
//Puple.java文件：
public class Puple {private String name;private String age;private String sex;//构造器public Puple(String name,String age,String sex){this.age=age;this.name=name;this.sex=sex;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public String getAge() {return age;}public void setAge(String age) {this.age = age;}public String getSex() {return sex;}public void setSex(String sex) {this.sex = sex;}}

dapter：

public class ExpandableAdapter extends BaseExpandableListAdapter{private List<Clazz> clazzs;private LayoutInflater flater;public ExpandableAdapter(List<Clazz> clazzs,LayoutInflater flater){this.clazzs=clazzs;this.flater=flater;}@Overridepublic Object getChild(int arg0, int arg1) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubreturn arg1;}@Overridepublic long getChildId(int arg0, int arg1) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubreturn arg1;}@Overridepublic int getChildrenCount(int arg0) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubreturn clazzs.get(arg0).getPuples().size();}@Overridepublic Object getGroup(int arg0) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubreturn arg0;}@Overridepublic int getGroupCount() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubreturn clazzs.size();}@Overridepublic long getGroupId(int arg0) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubreturn arg0;}@Overridepublic boolean hasStableIds() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubreturn false;}@Overridepublic boolean isChildSelectable(int arg0, int arg1) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubreturn false;}//得到group的view@Overridepublic View getGroupView(int position, boolean arg1, View converView, ViewGroup arg3) {converView=flater.inflate(R.layout.clazz_item_view, null);TextView clazzName =(TextView) converView.findViewById(R.id.textview_clazz_name);TextView clazzNum =(TextView) converView.findViewById(R.id.textview_clazz_num);//赋值Clazz clazz = clazzs.get(position);clazzName.setText(clazz.getClazzName());clazzNum.setText(clazz.getClazzNum());return converView;}//得到child的view@Overridepublic View getChildView(int groupposition, int position, boolean arg2, View converView,ViewGroup arg4) {converView=flater.inflate(R.layout.puple_item_view, null);TextView pupleName =(TextView) converView.findViewById(R.id.textview_puple_name);TextView pupleAge=(TextView) converView.findViewById(R.id.textview_puple_age);TextView pupleSex=(TextView) converView.findViewById(R.id.textview_puple_sex);//赋值Puple puple = clazzs.get(groupposition).getPuples().get(position);pupleName.setText(puple.getName());pupleAge.setText(puple.getAge());pupleSex.setText(puple.getSex());return converView;}}

主界面：

public class ExpandActivity extends Activity{private ExpandableListView mExpandView;private List<Clazz> clazzs;private ExpandableAdapter expand_adapter;private LayoutInflater flater;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubsuper.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_expand);mExpandView = (ExpandableListView) findViewById(R.id.expandView);init();flater = getLayoutInflater();expand_adapter = new ExpandableAdapter(clazzs, flater);mExpandView.setAdapter(expand_adapter);}private void init() {clazzs = new ArrayList<Clazz>();Clazz clazz1 = new Clazz("一班", "201501");List<Puple> puples1 = new ArrayList<Puple>();//建puplePuple puple1 = new Puple("王五", "23", "男");Puple puple2 = new Puple("是否", "23", "男");Puple puple3 = new Puple("阿凡达", "23", "女");Puple puple4 = new Puple("上当", "24", "女");Puple puple5 = new Puple("发给", "25", "男");Puple puple6 = new Puple("粉红色", "27", "男");//将puple传入list集合中puples1.add(puple1);puples1.add(puple2);puples1.add(puple3);puples1.add(puple4);puples1.add(puple5);puples1.add(puple6);//将拥有puple的list传给clazz1clazz1.setPuples(puples1);Clazz clazz2 = new Clazz("二班", "201502");List<Puple> puples2 = new ArrayList<Puple>();//建puplePuple puple21 = new Puple("王五", "23", "男");Puple puple22 = new Puple("是否", "23", "男");Puple puple23 = new Puple("阿凡达", "23", "女");Puple puple24 = new Puple("rain", "24", "女");Puple puple25 = new Puple("发给", "25", "男");Puple puple26 = new Puple("粉红色", "27", "男");//将puple传入list集合中puples2.add(puple1);puples2.add(puple2);puples2.add(puple3);puples2.add(puple4);puples2.add(puple5);puples2.add(puple6);//将拥有puple的list传给clazz1clazz2.setPuples(puples2);Clazz clazz3 = new Clazz("三班", "201503");List<Puple> puples3 = new ArrayList<Puple>();//建puplePuple puple31 = new Puple("王五", "23", "男");Puple puple32 = new Puple("re", "23", "男");Puple puple35 = new Puple("额", "25", "男");Puple puple36 = new Puple("粉红色", "27", "男");//将puple传入list集合中puples3.add(puple1);puples3.add(puple2);puples3.add(puple3);puples3.add(puple4);puples3.add(puple5);puples3.add(puple6);//将拥有puple的list传给clazz1clazz3.setPuples(puples3);Clazz clazz4 = new Clazz("四班", "201504");List<Puple> puples4 = new ArrayList<Puple>();//建puplePuple puple41 = new Puple("发给", "23", "男");Puple puple42 = new Puple("儿童", "23", "男");Puple puple43 = new Puple("阿凡达", "23", "女");Puple puple44 = new Puple("re人", "24", "女");//将puple传入list集合中puples4.add(puple1);puples4.add(puple2);puples4.add(puple3);puples4.add(puple4);puples4.add(puple5);puples4.add(puple6);//将拥有puple的list传给clazz1clazz4.setPuples(puples4);//将第一个clazz1添加到clazzs集合中。clazzs.add(clazz1);clazzs.add(clazz2);clazzs.add(clazz3);clazzs.add(clazz4);}}

结果演示：