Druid 连接池 报错 com.mysql.cj.jdbc.exceptions.CommunicationsException: Communications link failure
2024-05-14 03:00:41
场景赘述
早晨查看项目前一天的实际运行日志,发现了 一个Springboot项目中的druid 连接池和 mysql 产生了异常信息,重连暂并未对系统产生影响
下面是具体报错信息：
com.mysql.cj.jdbc.exceptions.CommunicationsException: Communications link failureThe last packet successfully received from the server was 178,478,007 milliseconds ago. The last packet sent successfully to the server was 4 milliseconds ago.at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.exceptions.SQLError.createCommunicationsException(SQLError.java:172)at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.exceptions.SQLExceptionsMapping.translateException(SQLExceptionsMapping.java:64)at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.StatementImpl.executeQuery(StatementImpl.java:1247)at com.alibaba.druid.filter.FilterChainImpl.statement_executeQuery(FilterChainImpl.java:2363)at com.alibaba.druid.filter.FilterAdapter.statement_executeQuery(FilterAdapter.java:2481)at com.alibaba.druid.filter.FilterEventAdapter.statement_executeQuery(FilterEventAdapter.java:302)at com.alibaba.druid.filter.FilterChainImpl.statement_executeQuery(FilterChainImpl.java:2360)at com.alibaba.druid.wall.WallFilter.statement_executeQuery(WallFilter.java:498)at com.alibaba.druid.filter.FilterChainImpl.statement_executeQuery(FilterChainImpl.java:2360)at com.alibaba.druid.filter.FilterAdapter.statement_executeQuery(FilterAdapter.java:2481)at com.alibaba.druid.filter.FilterEventAdapter.statement_executeQuery(FilterEventAdapter.java:302)at com.alibaba.druid.filter.FilterChainImpl.statement_executeQuery(FilterChainImpl.java:2360)at com.alibaba.druid.proxy.jdbc.StatementProxyImpl.executeQuery(StatementProxyImpl.java:211)at com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidAbstractDataSource.testConnectionInternal(DruidAbstractDataSource.java:1270)at com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource.getConnectionDirect(DruidDataSource.java:966)at com.alibaba.druid.filter.FilterChainImpl.dataSource_connect(FilterChainImpl.java:4544)at com.alibaba.druid.filter.logging.LogFilter.dataSource_getConnection(LogFilter.java:827)at com.alibaba.druid.filter.FilterChainImpl.dataSource_connect(FilterChainImpl.java:4540)at com.alibaba.druid.filter.FilterAdapter.dataSource_getConnection(FilterAdapter.java:2723)at com.alibaba.druid.filter.FilterChainImpl.dataSource_connect(FilterChainImpl.java:4540)at com.alibaba.druid.filter.stat.StatFilter.dataSource_getConnection(StatFilter.java:661)at com.alibaba.druid.filter.FilterChainImpl.dataSource_connect(FilterChainImpl.java:4540)at com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource.getConnection(DruidDataSource.java:931)at com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource.getConnection(DruidDataSource.java:923)at com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource.getConnection(DruidDataSource.java:100)at org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils.fetchConnection(DataSourceUtils.java:158)at org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils.doGetConnection(DataSourceUtils.java:116)at org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils.getConnection(DataSourceUtils.java:79)at org.mybatis.spring.transaction.SpringManagedTransaction.openConnection(SpringManagedTransaction.java:82)at org.mybatis.spring.transaction.SpringManagedTransaction.getConnection(SpringManagedTransaction.java:68)at org.apache.ibatis.executor.BaseExecutor.getConnection(BaseExecutor.java:338)at org.apache.ibatis.executor.SimpleExecutor.prepareStatement(SimpleExecutor.java:84)at org.apache.ibatis.executor.SimpleExecutor.doQuery(SimpleExecutor.java:62)at org.apache.ibatis.executor.BaseExecutor.queryFromDatabase(BaseExecutor.java:326)at org.apache.ibatis.executor.BaseExecutor.query(BaseExecutor.java:156)at org.apache.ibatis.executor.CachingExecutor.query(CachingExecutor.java:109)at org.apache.ibatis.executor.CachingExecutor.query(CachingExecutor.java:83)at org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession.selectList(DefaultSqlSession.java:148)at org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession.selectList(DefaultSqlSession.java:141)at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor100.invoke(Unknown Source)at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)at org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate$SqlSessionInterceptor.invoke(SqlSessionTemplate.java:433)at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy83.selectList(Unknown Source)at org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate.selectList(SqlSessionTemplate.java:230)at org.apache.ibatis.binding.MapperMethod.executeForMany(MapperMethod.java:139)at org.apache.ibatis.binding.MapperMethod.execute(MapperMethod.java:76)at org.apache.ibatis.binding.MapperProxy.invoke(MapperProxy.java:59)at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy91.getTerminalTotalList(Unknown Source)at com.tsing.demo.service.DevicesService.getTerminalTotalList(DevicesService.java:118)at com.tsing.demo.controller.DevicesTimeMessageController.getDeviceTotalData(DevicesTimeMessageController.java:166)at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor129.invoke(Unknown Source)at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.doInvoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:197)at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:141)at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:106)at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:894)at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:808)at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:87)at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:1061)at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:961)at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:1006)at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:898)at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:626)at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:883)at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:733)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:231)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:53)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)at com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilter.doFilter(WebStatFilter.java:123)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:100)at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)at org.springframework.web.filter.FormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(FormContentFilter.java:93)at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:201)at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:202)at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:97)at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:542)at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:143)at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92)at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:78)at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:343)at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:374)at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:65)at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:888)at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1597)at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: com.mysql.cj.exceptions.CJCommunicationsException: Communications link failure分析错误原因
结合自己的理解和网上 其他人的分析，定位如下：
- 由于项目使用的是MySQL 数据库，在不修改配置文件的情况下，MySQL的"wait_timeout"设置为8小时。换句话而言，也就是在某个 Connection 空闲超过8小时，就会被MySQL 自动关闭回收。
- 我们使用Druid连接池来管理数据库 Connection ，当MySQL关闭了某个超时的Connection,而此时客户端正好向连接池请求该 Connection,由于连接池不晓得该连接被MySQL关闭，会将该失效的 Connection再次分配，所以会报该异常。
解决方案
1 从原因上看，最简单的方案就是直接修改MySQL配置文件 my.ini，直接将"wait_timeout"设置的更大一些，最大值可设置在 24天左右。但这样并不能从根源上消除这样异常，只是延缓了异常“爆炸”的次数和时间。
2 修改 Druid 连接池，减少连接池内的连接周期，尽可能回收无效连接。
要使得最大连接生存时间 小于 MySQL的 “wait_timeout” 时间。
# 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间，单位是毫秒
spring.datasource.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis=30000
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