pmap命令用于显示一个或多个进程的内存状态,下面通过本文给大家分享Linux性能测试 pmap命令详解，需要的朋友参考下吧

名称：

pmap - report memory map of a process(查看进程的内存映像信息)

用法

pmap [ -x | -d ] [ -q ] pids...

pmap -V

选项含义

-x extended Show the extended format. 显示扩展格式

-d device Show the device format. 显示设备格式

-q quiet Do not display some header/footer lines. 不显示头尾行

-V show version Displays version of program. 显示版本

扩展格式和设备格式域：

Address: start address of map 映像起始地址

Kbytes: size of map in kilobytes 映像大小

RSS: resident set size in kilobytes 驻留集大小

Dirty: dirty pages (both shared and private) in kilobytes 脏页大小

Mode: permissions on map 映像权限: r=read, w=write, x=execute, s=shared, p=private (copy on write)

Mapping: file backing the map , or '[ anon ]' for allocated memory, or '[ stack ]' for the program stack. 映像支持文件,[anon]为已分配内存 [stack]为程序堆栈

Offset: offset into the file 文件偏移

Device: device name (major:minor) 设备名

举例：

查看进程1的设备格式

[root@C44 ~]# pmap -d 1

1: init [5]

Address Kbytes Mode Offset Device Mapping

00934000 88 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 ld-2.3.4.so

0094a000 4 r---- 0000000000015000 008:00005 ld-2.3.4.so

0094b000 4 rw--- 0000000000016000 008:00005 ld-2.3.4.so

0094e000 1188 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 libc-2.3.4.so

00a77000 8 r---- 0000000000129000 008:00005 libc-2.3.4.so

00a79000 8 rw--- 000000000012b000 008:00005 libc-2.3.4.so

00a7b000 8 rw--- 0000000000a7b000 000:00000 [ anon ]

00a85000 52 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 libsepol.so.1

00a92000 4 rw--- 000000000000c000 008:00005 libsepol.so.1

00a93000 32 rw--- 0000000000a93000 000:00000 [ anon ]

00d9d000 52 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 libselinux.so.1

00daa000 4 rw--- 000000000000d000 008:00005 libselinux.so.1

08048000 28 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 init

0804f000 4 rw--- 0000000000007000 008:00005 init

084e1000 132 rw--- 00000000084e1000 000:00000 [ anon ]

b7f5d000 8 rw--- 00000000b7f5d000 000:00000 [ anon ]

bffee000 72 rw--- 00000000bffee000 000:00000 [ stack ]

ffffe000 4 ----- 0000000000000000 000:00000 [ anon ]

mapped: 1700K writeable/private: 276K shared: 0K

[root@C44 ~]#

最后一行的值

mapped 表示该进程映射的虚拟地址空间大小，也就是该进程预先分配的虚拟内存大小，即ps出的vsz

writeable/private 表示进程所占用的私有地址空间大小，也就是该进程实际使用的内存大小

shared 表示进程和其他进程共享的内存大小

查看进程1的设备格式，不显示头尾行

[root@C44 ~]# pmap -d -q 1

1: init [5]

00934000 88 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 ld-2.3.4.so

0094a000 4 r---- 0000000000015000 008:00005 ld-2.3.4.so

0094b000 4 rw--- 0000000000016000 008:00005 ld-2.3.4.so

0094e000 1188 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 libc-2.3.4.so

00a77000 8 r---- 0000000000129000 008:00005 libc-2.3.4.so

00a79000 8 rw--- 000000000012b000 008:00005 libc-2.3.4.so

00a7b000 8 rw--- 0000000000a7b000 000:00000 [ anon ]

00a85000 52 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 libsepol.so.1

00a92000 4 rw--- 000000000000c000 008:00005 libsepol.so.1

00a93000 32 rw--- 0000000000a93000 000:00000 [ anon ]

00d9d000 52 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 libselinux.so.1

00daa000 4 rw--- 000000000000d000 008:00005 libselinux.so.1

08048000 28 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 init

0804f000 4 rw--- 0000000000007000 008:00005 init

084e1000 132 rw--- 00000000084e1000 000:00000 [ anon ]

b7f5d000 8 rw--- 00000000b7f5d000 000:00000 [ anon ]

bffee000 72 rw--- 00000000bffee000 000:00000 [ stack ]

ffffe000 4 ----- 0000000000000000 000:00000 [ anon ]

[root@C44 ~]#

查看进程1的扩展格式

[root@C44 ~]# pmap -x 1

1: init [5]

Address Kbytes RSS Anon Locked Mode Mapping

00934000 88 - - - r-x-- ld-2.3.4.so

0094a000 4 - - - r---- ld-2.3.4.so

0094b000 4 - - - rw--- ld-2.3.4.so

0094e000 1188 - - - r-x-- libc-2.3.4.so

00a77000 8 - - - r---- libc-2.3.4.so

00a79000 8 - - - rw--- libc-2.3.4.so

00a7b000 8 - - - rw--- [ anon ]

00a85000 52 - - - r-x-- libsepol.so.1

00a92000 4 - - - rw--- libsepol.so.1

00a93000 32 - - - rw--- [ anon ]

00d9d000 52 - - - r-x-- libselinux.so.1

00daa000 4 - - - rw--- libselinux.so.1

08048000 28 - - - r-x-- init

0804f000 4 - - - rw--- init

084e1000 132 - - - rw--- [ anon ]

b7f5d000 8 - - - rw--- [ anon ]

bffee000 72 - - - rw--- [ stack ]

ffffe000 4 - - - ----- [ anon ]

-------- ------- ------- ------- -------

total kB 1700 - - -

[root@C44 ~]#

循环显示进程3066的设备格式的最后1行，间隔2秒，

[root@C44 ~]# while true; do pmap -d 3066 | tail -1; sleep 2; done

mapped: 5412K writeable/private: 2028K shared: 0K

mapped: 5412K writeable/private: 2028K shared: 0K

mapped: 5412K writeable/private: 2028K shared: 0K

mapped: 5412K writeable/private: 2028K shared: 0K

mapped: 5412K writeable/private: 2028K shared: 0K

mapped: 5412K writeable/private: 2028K shared: 0K

mapped: 5412K writeable/private: 2028K shared: 0K

mapped: 5412K writeable/private: 2028K shared: 0K

mapped: 5412K writeable/private: 2028K shared: 0K

mapped: 5412K writeable/private: 2028K shared: 0K

mapped: 5412K writeable/private: 2028K shared: 0K

mapped: 5412K writeable/private: 2028K shared: 0K

mapped: 5412K writeable/private: 2028K shared: 0K

总结