SpringBoot-JPA多数据源

前言

很多业务场景都需要使用到多数据库，本文介绍springboot对多数据源的使用。

pom.xml文件

和整合JPA的配置文件一样。

 <dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId><scope>runtime</scope><optional>true</optional></dependency><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><scope>runtime</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies>

配置文件application.yml

server:port: 8080
spring:datasource:#主数据源primary:url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?serverTimezone=GMTusername: rootpassword: 123456driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Drivertype: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource#次数据源secondary:url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test2?serverTimezone=GMTusername: rootpassword: 123456driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driverjpa:#主jpa配置primary:show-sql: trueproperties:hibernate:hbm2ddl:auto: updatedialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect#次jpa配置secondary:show-sql: trueproperties:hibernate:hbm2ddl:auto: updatedialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect

配置数据源和JPA

主数据源配置

主数据源

@Primary：自动装配时当出现多个Bean候选者时，被注解为@Primary的Bean将作为首选者，否则将抛出异常。
@Qualifier：一般@Autowired和@Qualifier一起用，通过name取多个实例中的一个。
@ConfigurationProperties：根据配置文件中设置的属性，批量注入属性值。

@Configuration
public class PrimaryDataSourceConfig {/*** 扫描spring.datasource.primary开头的配置信息** @return 数据源配置信息*/@Primary@Bean(name = "primaryDataSourceProperties")@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.primary")public DataSourceProperties dataSourceProperties() {return new DataSourceProperties();}/*** 取主库数据源对象** @param dataSourceProperties 注入名为primaryDataSourceProperties的bean* @return 数据源对象*/@Primary@Bean(name = "primaryDataSource")public DataSource dataSource(@Qualifier("primaryDataSourceProperties") DataSourceProperties dataSourceProperties) {return dataSourceProperties.initializeDataSourceBuilder().build();}/*** 该方法仅在需要使用JdbcTemplate对象时选用** @param dataSource 注入名为primaryDataSource的bean* @return 数据源JdbcTemplate对象*/@Primary@Bean(name = "primaryJdbcTemplate")public JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate(@Qualifier("primaryDataSource") DataSource dataSource) {return new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);}
}

主Jpa配置

@EnableTransactionManagement：使用注解@EnableTransactionManagement开启事务支持后，可以在访问数据库的Service方法上添加注解 @Transactional 使用事务。
@EnableJpaRepositories：用于Srping JPA的代码配置(详细介绍)

属性	功能
basePackage	用于配置扫描Repositories所在的package及子package。
entityManagerFactoryRef	实体管理工厂引用名称，对应到@Bean注解对应的方法。
transactionManagerRef	事务管理工厂引用名称，对应到@Bean注解对应的方法

@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@EnableJpaRepositories(basePackages = PrimaryJpaConfig.REPOSITORY_PACKAGE,entityManagerFactoryRef = "primaryEntityManagerFactory",transactionManagerRef = "primaryTransactionManager"
)
public class PrimaryJpaConfig {static final String REPOSITORY_PACKAGE = "com.huzh.springbootjpamulidatasource.repository.primary";private static final String ENTITY_PACKAGE = "com.huzh.springbootjpamulidatasource.entity.primary";/*** 扫描spring.jpa.primary开头的配置信息** @return jpa配置信息*/@Primary@Bean(name = "primaryJpaProperties")@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.jpa.primary")public JpaProperties jpaProperties() {return new JpaProperties();}/*** 获取主库实体管理工厂对象** @param primaryDataSource 注入名为primaryDataSource的数据源* @param jpaProperties     注入名为primaryJpaProperties的jpa配置信息* @param builder           注入EntityManagerFactoryBuilder* @return 实体管理工厂对象*/@Primary@Bean(name = "primaryEntityManagerFactory")public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactoryBean(@Qualifier("primaryDataSource") DataSource primaryDataSource,@Qualifier("primaryJpaProperties") JpaProperties jpaProperties,EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {return builder// 设置数据源.dataSource(primaryDataSource)// 设置jpa配置.properties(jpaProperties.getProperties())// 设置实体包名.packages(ENTITY_PACKAGE)// 设置持久化单元名，用于@PersistenceContext注解获取EntityManager时指定数据源.persistenceUnit("primaryPersistenceUnit").build();}/*** 获取实体管理对象** @param factory 注入名为primaryEntityManagerFactory的bean* @return 实体管理对象*/@Primary@Bean(name = "primaryEntityManager")public EntityManager entityManager(@Qualifier("primaryEntityManagerFactory") EntityManagerFactory factory) {return factory.createEntityManager();}/*** 获取主库事务管理对象** @param factory 注入名为primaryEntityManagerFactory的bean* @return 事务管理对象*/@Primary@Bean(name = "primaryTransactionManager")public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager(@Qualifier("primaryEntityManagerFactory") EntityManagerFactory factory) {return new JpaTransactionManager(factory);}
}

次数据源配置

次数据源

@Configuration
public class SecondaryDataSourceConfig {/*** 扫描spring.datasource.secondary开头的配置信息** @return 数据源配置信息*/@Bean(name = "secondaryDataSourceProperties")@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.secondary")public DataSourceProperties dataSourceProperties() {return new DataSourceProperties();}/*** 获取次数据源对象** @param dataSourceProperties 注入名为secondaryDataSourceProperties的bean* @return 数据源对象*/@Bean("secondaryDataSource")public DataSource dataSource(@Qualifier("secondaryDataSourceProperties") DataSourceProperties dataSourceProperties) {return dataSourceProperties.initializeDataSourceBuilder().build();}/*** 该方法仅在需要使用JdbcTemplate对象时选用** @param dataSource 注入名为secondaryDataSource的bean* @return 数据源JdbcTemplate对象*/@Bean(name = "secondaryJdbcTemplate")public JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate(@Qualifier("secondaryDataSource") DataSource dataSource) {return new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);}
}

从Jpa配置

@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@EnableJpaRepositories(basePackages = SecondaryJpaConfig.REPOSITORY_PACKAGE,entityManagerFactoryRef = "secondaryEntityManagerFactory",transactionManagerRef = "secondaryTransactionManager"
)
public class SecondaryJpaConfig {static final String REPOSITORY_PACKAGE = "com.huzh.springbootjpamulidatasource.repository.secondary";private static final String ENTITY_PACKAGE = "com.huzh.springbootjpamulidatasource.entity.secondary";/*** 扫描spring.jpa.secondary** @return jpa配置信息*/@Bean(name = "secondaryJpaProperties")@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.jpa.secondary")public JpaProperties jpaProperties() {return new JpaProperties();}/*** 获取次库实体管理工厂对象** @param secondaryDataSource 注入名为secondaryDataSource的数据源* @param jpaProperties       注入名为secondaryJpaProperties的jpa配置信息* @param builder             注入EntityManagerFactoryBuilder* @return 实体管理工厂对象*/@Bean(name = "secondaryEntityManagerFactory")public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory(@Qualifier("secondaryDataSource") DataSource secondaryDataSource,@Qualifier("secondaryJpaProperties") JpaProperties jpaProperties,EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {return builder// 设置数据源.dataSource(secondaryDataSource)// 设置jpa配置.properties(jpaProperties.getProperties())// 设置实体包名.packages(ENTITY_PACKAGE)// 设置持久化单元名，用于@PersistenceContext注解获取EntityManager时指定数据源.persistenceUnit("secondaryPersistenceUnit").build();}/*** 获取实体管理对象** @param factory 注入名为secondaryEntityManagerFactory的bean* @return 实体管理对象*/@Bean(name = "secondaryEntityManager")public EntityManager entityManager(@Qualifier("secondaryEntityManagerFactory") EntityManagerFactory factory) {return factory.createEntityManager();}/*** 获取主库事务管理对象** @param factory 注入名为secondaryEntityManagerFactory的bean* @return 事务管理对象*/@Bean(name = "secondaryTransactionManager")public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager(@Qualifier("secondaryEntityManagerFactory") EntityManagerFactory factory) {return new JpaTransactionManager(factory);}
}

实体类

主库实体类

@Entity
@Table(name="city")
public class City {@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)private int cityId;private String cityName;private String cityIntroduce;public City(int cityId, String cityName, String cityIntroduce) {this.cityId = cityId;this.cityName = cityName;this.cityIntroduce = cityIntroduce;}public City(String cityName, String cityIntroduce) {this.cityName = cityName;this.cityIntroduce = cityIntroduce;}public City() {}public int getCityId() {return cityId;}public void setCityId(int cityId) {this.cityId = cityId;}public String getCityName() {return cityName;}public void setCityName(String cityName) {this.cityName = cityName;}public String getCityIntroduce() {return cityIntroduce;}public void setCityIntroduce(String cityIntroduce) {this.cityIntroduce = cityIntroduce;}
}

从库实体类

@Entity
@Table(name = "house")
public class House {@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)private int houseId;private String houseName;private String houseIntroduce;public int getHouseId() {return houseId;}public void setHouseId(int houseId) {this.houseId = houseId;}public String getHouseName() {return houseName;}public void setHouseName(String houseName) {this.houseName = houseName;}public String getHouseIntroduce() {return houseIntroduce;}public void setHouseIntroduce(String houseIntroduce) {this.houseIntroduce = houseIntroduce;}public House(String houseName, String houseIntroduce) {this.houseName = houseName;this.houseIntroduce = houseIntroduce;}
}

Repository类

主库类

public interface CityRepository extends JpaRepository<City,Integer> {}

从库类

public interface HouseRepository extends JpaRepository<House, Integer> {}

Controller类

@RestController
public class TestController {@AutowiredCityRepository cityRepository;@AutowiredHouseRepository houseRepository;@GetMapping("/testDataSource")public String testDataSource() {City city = new City("北京", "中国首都");cityRepository.save(city);return "success";}@GetMapping("/testDataSource2")public String testDataSource2() {House house = new House("豪宅", "特别大的豪宅");houseRepository.save(house);return "success";}}

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SpringBoot-JPA多数据源

前言

pom.xml文件

配置文件application.yml

配置数据源和JPA

主数据源配置

主数据源

主Jpa配置

次数据源配置

次数据源

从Jpa配置

实体类

主库实体类

从库实体类

Repository类

主库类

从库类

Controller类

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