下载Elasticsearch

mkdir /home/es

cd /home/es

wget https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-6.0.0.zip

解压：

unzip elasticsearch-6.0.0.zip

因为是开箱即用，所以不需要安装
切换到bin目录下

cd /home/es/elasticsearch6.0.0/bin

执行

./elasticsearch -d (-d是后台运行，如果不输入，当前Console会被锁死，不能进行其他操作，执行Ctrl + c，可关闭Elasticsearch;如果执行-d，则无法看见执行的详细信息)

即可运行

如果需要覆盖集群或者节点的名字，则在启动时，添加参数：
./elasticsearch --cluster.name my_cluster_name --node.name my_node_name -d

要检查集群健康，我们将使用_cat API。需要事先记住的是，我们的节点HTTP的端口是9200：

curl 'localhost:9200/_cat/health?v'

如下：
============================================================
[root@localhost ~]# curl 'localhost:9200/_cat/health?v'
epoch timestamp cluster status node.total node.data shards pri relo init unassign pending_tasks max_task_wait_time active_shards_percent
1512571194 22:39:54 elasticsearch green 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 - 100.0%
[root@localhost ~]#
============================================================

绿色：一切正常（集群功能齐全）
黄色：所有的数据都是可用的，但是某些复制没有被分配（集群功能是完备的）
红色：因为某些原因，某些数据不可用。
注意，即使是集群状态是红色的，集群仍然是部分可用的（它仍然会利用可用的分片来响应搜索请求），但是可能你需要尽快修复它，因为你有丢失的数据

获得节集群中的节点列表：

curl 'localhost:9200/_cat/nodes?v'
============================================================
[root@localhost ~]# curl 'localhost:9200/_cat/nodes?v'
ip heap.percent ram.percent cpu load_1m load_5m load_15m node.role master name
127.0.0.1 11 96 1 0.00 0.04 0.05 mdi * qnnd6ME
============================================================

显示索引

curl 'localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v'
============================================================
[root@localhost ~]# curl 'localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v'
health status index uuid pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size
yellow open customer n8UenwhWTr-8Y84WPsU92g 5 1 1 0 4.7kb 4.7kb
============================================================
创建索引
curl -XPUT 'localhost:9200/[索引名]?[返回json格式:pretty 美化的格式]'
例如curl -XPUT 'localhost:9200/myindex?pretty'
============================================================
[root@localhost ~]# curl -XPUT 'localhost:9200/myindex?pretty'
{
"acknowledged" : true,
"shards_acknowledged" : true,
"index" : "myindex"
}
============================================================

插入数据
curl -XPUT 'localhost:9200/[索引名]/[类型名]/[指定id]' -d '{"key":"value","key":"value",...}'
例如：
curl -XPUT 'localhost:9200/myindex/external/1' -d '{"firstName":"John","LastName":"Smith"}'
注意：-d之前，必需要空格！！！！
但是执行之后，出现错误：
============================================================
[root@localhost ~]# curl -XPUT 'localhost:9200/myindex/external/1' -d '{"firstName":"John","LastName":"Smith"}'
{"error":"Content-Type header [application/x-www-form-urlencoded] is not supported","status":406}[root@localhost ~]#
============================================================

格式化输入依然报错

============================================================
bash-4.2$ curl -XPUT 'localhost:9200/myindex/external/1?pretty' -d '
{
"firstName":"John"
"LastName":"Smith"
}'
{
"error" : "Content-Type header [application/x-www-form-urlencoded] is not supported",
"status" : 406
}
============================================================

这个问题，是在报文Content-type的参数：application/x-www-form-urlencoded不支持Json发送。需要改成application/Json
所以需要添加参数 ; -H 'Content-Type: application/json'

:::::Content-Type现有类型不支持JSON等格式传递
curl -XPUT 'localhost:9200/myindex/external/1' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d '{"firstName":"John","LastName":"Smith"}'

curl -XPUT 'localhost:9200/myindex/external/1?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d '
{
"firstName":"John",
"LastName":"Smith"
}'
============================================================
[root@localhost ~]# curl -XPUT 'localhost:9200/myindex/external/1?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d '
> {
> "firstName":"John",
> "LastName":"Smith"
> }'
{
"_index" : "myindex",
"_type" : "external",
"_id" : "1",
"_version" : 1,
"result" : "created",
"_shards" : {
"total" : 2,
"successful" : 1,
"failed" : 0
},
"_seq_no" : 0,
"_primary_term" : 1
}

============================================================
取出索引：
curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/myindex/external/1?pretty'
============================================================
[root@localhost ~]# curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/myindex/external/1?pretty'
{
"_index" : "myindex",
"_type" : "external",
"_id" : "1",
"_version" : 1,
"found" : true,
"_source" : {
"firstName" : "John",
"LastName" : "Smith"
}
}
============================================================
_source部分，就是我们添加的数据
_id是之前添加的索引id

删除索引 curl -XDELETE 'localhost:9200/myindex?pretty'
============================================================
[root@localhost ~]# curl -XDELETE 'localhost:9200/myindex?pretty'
{
"acknowledged" : true
}
============================================================